Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Kenta Kubo

Takeshi Yamamoto

Manami Haraguchi

Yoshinobu Baba

Tomoaki Miyazawa

Juun Horie

Koh Ishigami

Tatsuya Tada

Takayuki Itakura

Hideaki Okamoto

Naoki Okamoto

Yojiro Hotta

Tetsuya Ida

Kazuo Terauchi

Noriyoshi Umeda

Satoru Yamanaka

Koichi Hashimoto

Hiroshi Taniuchi

Tomohito Ishida

Katsuhiro Watanabe

Hirokazu Usami

Shunichi Takada

Shuji Moriya

Jumpei Shirono

Kazuo Uchida

A method for manufacturing a material layer includes a first step Sof arranging first particles Pin a pattern on a base materialand a second step Sof arranging second particles in regions in which the first particles Pare not arranged on the base material. The second step Sincludes a step of rubbing bearing materials Sthat carry the second particles Pagainst the base materialon which the first particles Pare arranged.

Method for manufacturing material layer, method for manufacturing three-dimensional object, material-layer-forming apparatus, and additive manufacturing system

An electrode which is to be applied to a solid-state battery and including a collector layer and an active material layer disposed on the collector layer and including an active material showing a concentration distribution in a layer thickness direction which is, among the directions parallel to the layer thickness, a direction toward the side in contact with the collector layer, wherein the active material layer contains at least any one of a conductive auxiliary agent showing a decreasing concentration gradient in the layer thickness direction and a solid electrolyte showing an increasing concentration gradient in the layer thickness direction.

Electrode applied to solid-state battery and solid-state battery

A developing device includes a developing container, a feeding member, a developer carrying member, and a collecting device. A coverage which is a percentage of coating of surfaces of the carrier particles with the toner particles is 100% or more and 200% or less. The developer carrying member has a plurality of recessed portions formed on a surface thereof so that at least the toner particles having an average particle size are contactable with inner surfaces of the recessed portions, and the carrier particles having an average particle size are not contactable with the inner surfaces of the recessed portions. The recessed portions are formed so that not less than half of the toner particles having the average particle size are exposed from the recessed portions when the toner particles having the average particle size enter the recessed portions.

Developing device having a developer carrying member with recessed portions

A developing device includes a developing member and a carrier collecting member. An outer surface of the developing member includes a plurality of protrusion portions aligned at regular intervals that are equal to or larger than an average particle diameter of toner particles and smaller than an average particle diameter of magnetic carrier particles. Each protrusion portion has a first face formed at one side of an apex of each protrusion portion and a second face formed at the other side of the apex, and an inclination angle of the first face is less than an inclination angle of the second face. In the circumferential direction of the developing member, when a downward direction of the first face is set to be positive, a relative velocity of a surface velocity of an image bearing member to a surface velocity of the developing member is set to be positive.

Image forming apparatus

A developing device includes a developing member, a toner supplying member, and a carrier recovering member configured to recover magnetic carrier particles from the toner supplying member. An outer surface of the toner supplying member includes a plurality of protrusion portions with a regular interval between adjacent protrusion portions. The regular interval is equal to or larger than a particle diameter of a toner particle having an average particle diameter from among the particle diameters of the toner particles and smaller than a carrier particle diameter of a magnetic carrier particle having an average particle diameter from among the particle diameters of the magnetic carrier particles. The protrusion portions protrude from the remainder of the outer surface of the toner supplying member with a height that is smaller than the average particle diameter of the toner particles.

Developing device and image forming apparatus

A developing device configured to develop an electrostatic image includes a developing member and a carrier recovering member. An outer surface of the developing member includes a plurality of protrusion portions which extend in a direction intersecting a toner particle carrying direction and are aligned with a regular interval between adjacent protrusion portions. The regular interval is equal to or larger than a particle diameter of a toner particle having an average particle diameter from among the toner particles and smaller than a carrier particle diameter of a magnetic carrier particle having an average particle diameter from among the magnetic carrier particles. The protrusion portions protrude from the outer surface of the developing member with a height that is smaller than the average particle diameter of the toner particles, and the developing member contacts with the image bearing member at a developing portion.

The developing device includes a developing container that stores a developer including a non-magnetic toner and a magnetic carrier, a toner bearing member that bears the toner and conveys the toner to a developing portion and a separating portion wherein a surface of the toner bearing member includes a plurality of recess structures. A percentage of the recess structures per unit area in a toner bearing region of the toner bearing member is equal to or larger than 55%.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a first developer carrying member for carrying a developer comprising toner and a carrier for developing an electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive member, and a second developer carrying member for carrying the developer received from the first developer carrying. The second developer carrying member is disposed downstream of the first developer carrying member with respect to a rotational direction of the photosensitive member. In addition, a voltage source applies a developing bias voltage to the first developer carrying member and second developer carrying member, and a driving device rotates the first developer carrying member at a peripheral speed higher than that of the photosensitive member and rotates the second developer carrying member at a peripheral speed which is higher than that of the photosensitive member and which is lower than that of the first developer carrying member.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, having a capacitance per unit area of 1.7&#xd7;10(F/m) or larger, an exposure device, which exposes the photosensitive member in order to form thereon an electrostatic image according to image information, a developing device, which develops the electrostatic image with a toner to form a toner image on the photosensitive member, and a transfer device, which transfers the toner image onto a recording material. In forming a solid toner image on the recording material, the exposure device is capable of forming electrostatic images of different potential levels on the photosensitive member, thereby forming toner images of different toner heights on the photosensitive member.

Image forming apparatus having a photosenstive member of high capacitance

A duty ratio Du (%), denoted by (T/(TT))&#xd7;100, is in the range of 60&#x2266;Du&#x2266;80; a magnetic carrier has a resistivity &#x3c1; which decreases in accordance with an increasing electric field strength, and a relative dielectric constant &#x2208; which increases in accordance with an increasing electric field strength; a product of a time constant &#x2208;&#x2208;&#x3c1;(s) of electric charge decay in an electric field strength Edecided by a second peak voltage Vand a dark potential V, and an electric field strength Esatisfies a relation of 20&#x2266;&#x2208;&#x2208;&#x3c1; E(s&#xb7;V/cm); and a time constant &#x2208;&#x2208;&#x3c1;(s) and a relative dielectric constant &#x2208; in an electric field strength E, which is decided by a first peak voltage Vand a bright potential V, satisfy the following relations: &#x2208;&#x2208;&#x3c1;(s)&#x2266;6.0&#xd7;10, and 30&#x2266;&#x2208;.

Image forming apparatus generating electrostatic forces in first and second directions with a predetermined duty ratio

A two-component developer containing a yellow toner and a magnetic carrier, wherein the yellow toner has the characteristics: (i) when the concentration of the yellow toner in a solution of the yellow toner in chloroform is represented by Cy (mg/ml) and the absorbance of the solution at a wavelength of 422 nm is represented by A422, a relationship between Cy and A422 satisfies the relationship of 6.00&#x3c;A422/Cy&#x3c;14.40; (ii) the lightness L* and chroma C* of the yellow toner determined in a powder state satisfy the relationships of 85.0&#x2266;L*&#x2266;95.0 and 100.0&#x2266;C*&#x2266;115.0; and (iii) the absolute value for the triboelectric charge quantity of the yellow toner measured by a two-component method using the yellow toner and the magnetic carrier is 50 mC/kg or more and 120 mC/kg or less.

Two-component developer, replenishing developer, and image-forming method

An image forming apparatus including: an image bearing member; and a developer bearing member bearing a developer including a toner and a carrier, the developer bearing member developing an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member with the developer, and the developer bearing member being applied with an alternate voltage in order to form an alternate electric field between the developer bearing member and the image bearing member, wherein assuming that electric field intensities Eb and Ed be Eb=|(Vp&#x2212;VL)/D| and Ed=|(Vp&#x2212;VL)/D|, a relationship, 0&#x2267;K&#x3e;K, is satisfied, where K: a gradient at Ed, and K: a gradient at Eb, and wherein a resistivity &#x3c1;b of the carrier at the electric field intensity Eb satisfies 1.1&#xd7;10&#xd7;e&#x3c;&#x3c1;b&#x3c;6.0&#xd7;10[&#x3a9;&#xb7;m] (where: e is the base of natural logarithms; and n=4&#xd7;Eb&#xd7;10).

Image forming apparatus including a developer bearing member with an alternate electric field being applied thereto

An image forming apparatus, wherein the following formulae are satisfied: where (M/S): a toner bearing amount in a maximum density image portion of a photosensitive drum, (Q/M): an average charge amount of the toner in the maximum density portion, Vc: an absolute value of a potential difference between a DC-component of a developing bias and the maximum density portion, Lt: a toner layer thickness of the maximum density portion, Ld: a drum thickness, &#x3b5;t: a relative permittivity of the toner layer, &#x3b5;d: a relative permittivity of the drum, &#x3b5;a vacuum permittivity, Dtmax: a transmission density in a maximum density image portion on the paper after fixation, Dt: a transmission density in an image on the paper when the toner bearing amount on the paper after fixation is 0.1 mg/cm, and &#x3bb;: a transfer efficiency of the toner, 

A two-component developer containing a cyan toner and a magnetic carrier, wherein the cyan toner has the characteristics: (i) when the concentration of the cyan toner in a solution of the cyan toner in chloroform is represented by Cc (mg/ml) and the absorbance of the solution at a wavelength of 712 nm is represented by A712, a relationship between Cc and A712 satisfies the relationship of 2.00&#x3c;A712/Cc&#x3c;8.15; (ii) the lightness L* and chroma C* of the cyan toner determined in a powder state satisfy the relationships of 25.0&#x2266;L*&#x2266;40.0 and 50.0&#x2266;C*&#x2266;60.0; and (iii) the absolute value for the triboelectric charge quantity of the cyan toner measured by a two-component method using the cyan toner and the magnetic carrier is 50 mC/kg or more and 120 mC/kg or less.

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Kamakura, Japan

Kenta Kubo