USA As Represented by Secretary of the Navy

Sandia Corporation

Kenneth S Grabowski

Alex E Moser

David L Knies

Michael O Thompson

Douglas B Chrisey

Neil R Sorensen

Rudolph G Buchheit, Jr

James A Sprague

Catherine M Cotell

Donna Cowell Senft

Timothy J Renk

An armor system includes an armor plate, and an appliqu&#xe9; affixed to an exterior of the armor plate, wherein the appliqu&#xe9; has a density increasing in a direction towards the armor plate and configured to minimize reflection of a blast wave from the armor plate. The coupling system comprises a binder material that surrounds filler particles configured to create an impedance gradient parallel to the impulse propagation direction.

Preparation of impedance gradients for coupling impulses and shockwaves into solids

An armor system includes an armor plate, and an appliqu&#xe9; affixed to an exterior of the armor plate, wherein the appliqu&#xe9; has a density increasing in a direction towards the armor plate and configured to minimize reflection of a blast wave from the armor plate. Also disclosed are method of making such an armor system.

Material and process for coupling impulses and shockwaves into solids

The present invention provides a surface modification method that provides beneficial changes in surface properties, can modify a surface to a greater depth than previous methods, and that is suitable for industrial application. The present method comprises applying a thin-film coating to a surface of a substrate, then subjecting the coated surface to an ion beam. The ion beam power pulse heats the coated surface, leading to alloying between the material in the coating and the material of the substrate. Rapid cooling of the alloyed layer after an ion beam pulse can lead to formation of metastable alloys and microstructures not accessible by conventional alloying methods or intense ion beam treatment of the substrate alone.

Method of modifying a surface

Biocompatible material is deposited onto a substrate by laser deposition, for example by pulsed laser beam deposition and ion-assisted pulsed laser beam deposition. The deposition can be done at room temperature, in a variety of different atmospheres, with control over the stoichiometry, adhesion and porosity of the deposited film. Apparatus for carrying out the deposition, and articles formed by such deposition, are also described. The articles so formed are particularly useful as medical prosthesis, for example, implants.

Laser-deposited biocompatible films and methods and apparatuses for

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Alexandria, VA, United States of America

Kenneth S Grabowski