The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc.

Kenneth P Vandevoordt

Gregory M Fritz

Joseph L Charest

Christopher M DiBiasio

Rebecca Ann DeFronzo

Else Frohlich

An electronic circuit is made by selectively depositing an electrically conductive material seed layer conformally upon a three-dimensional substrate via the plurality of apertures of a three-dimensional mask. The substrate is then plated with more of the same electrically conductive material, or a different electrically conductive material, on the seed layer. In the case of electroplating, a nonconductive support structure is incorporated into a conductive clamp for making electrical connection to the seed layer. An environmentally protective layer may be deposited upon the electrically conductive material to such an extent that the electronic circuit remains solderable. The three-dimensional mask may be fabricated by an additive manufacturing technique.

Method for manufacturing three-dimensional electronic circuit

The present disclosure describes systems and methods for mimicking body tissue and the function thereof. The mimicked body tissue can include kidney tissue, the blood brain barrier, and other tissues. In some implementations, the systems described herein are used to test the impact of controlled factors on the tissue. The controlled factors can include flow rates, shear rates, and test chemicals (e.g., therapeutics and toxins). In some implementations, the system and methods are used to test pharmaceutical and biological therapies, characterize healthy or diseased tissue, and observe phenomena of the tissue in vitro.

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North Reading, MA, United States of America

Kenneth P Vandevoordt