Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Panasonic Corporation

Kazuaki Ohkubo

Mitsuhiko Kimoto

Yuriko Kaneko

Mika Sakaue

Makoto Horiuchi

Masanori Shimizu

Yoshinori Tanabe

Takeshi Arakawa

Makoto Ishizuka

Daniel Hogan

Xinbing Liu

Ming Li

Yoko Shimomura

Kenjiro Hashimoto

Yoshihiro Ohno

Yasuo Nakagawa

A reflective plateis arranged so as to reflect infrared rays, radiated from a heating wire, outside of a heaterand may be made of steel. A number of cavitiesare arranged on the surface of the reflective plate. Since the cavitieshave an aspect ratio of 0.17 to 0.7, the infrared reflectance can be increased compared to a reflector with no cavities.

Reflector and apparatus including the reflector

An energy converter according to the present invention includes a heat source (radiator), which receives externally applied energy and raises its temperature, thereby emitting electromagnetic radiations, and a radiation cut portion (mesh) for cutting down infrared radiations, of which the wavelengths are longer than a predetermined wavelength. The meshis a woven or knitted mesh of metal wires. The openings of the woven or knitted mesh have an aperture size that is smaller than the predetermined wavelength.

Energy converter and method of making the same

An optical measuring device according to the present invention includes: a plane mirror (), which has a central opening that functions as either a light entering window or a light source fitting hole () and an observation window' that enables a photodetector () to take measurements; and an integrating hemisphere (), which has its center of radius of curvature defined within the central opening of the plane mirror () and of which the inner wall surface functions as a light diffuse reflective surface (). The plane mirror () and the integrating hemisphere () form an integrating space inside.

Optical measuring device

An energy converter according to the present invention includes a filamentfor converting given energy into electromagnetic waves and radiating the waves, and a radiation suppressing portion for suppressing some of the electromagnetic waves (e.g., infrared rays), which have been radiated from the filamentand of which the wavelengths exceed a predetermined value. The radiation suppressing portion has a bundleof fine wires, of which the axial direction is aligned with a direction in which the electromagnetic waves propagate with their radiations suppressed.

Energy converter and light source

An incandescent bulb filament having a flat Light-emitting surface and high Lamp efficiency and an incandescent bulb using this filament are provided. This incandescent bulb filament is characterized in that it is a filament of ribbon shape placed on one plane, and it includes: spaced portions which are placed side by side with spaces; and connecting portions which connect the spaced portions electrically in series. Each spaced portion has a thickness that is one half the width of the spaced portion or more, and the space between at least one pair of adjacent spaced portions is less than five times the width of the spaced portion.

Incandescent bulb and incandescent bulb filament

A microcavity forming device is provided for making microcavities in a tungsten wire. The microcavity forming device includes a source of particles; a housing for receiving a heated tungsten wire; and a plurality of jet nozzles disposed in the housing for spraying the particles toward the heated tungsten wire. The particles are 0.35&#x2013;0.75 micron in diameter. The heated tungsten wire is received in the housing and the jet nozzles spray the particles toward the tungsten wire to form the microcavities in the tungsten wire.

Method and apparatus for forming discrete microcavities in a filament wire using microparticles

The thickness of a luminophor film (') provided on the inner surface of a translucent discharge vessel () having a cavity portion () in which a light emitting substance is enclosed is the maximum in the vicinity of a plasma (), becomes smaller as being closer to a connection portion () with an inner tube () and becomes also smaller as being closer to a round bottom portion (). With this film thickness distribution, an electrodeless fluorescent lamp having approximately the same luminous intensity distribution characteristics as those of an incandescent lamp can be achieved. Therefore, even when the electrodeless fluorescent lamp is connected to an incandescent lamp lighting fixture, light can be taken out in a preferable state.

Electrodeless fluorescent lamp

A microchannel forming device is provided for making microchannels in a wire. The microchannel forming device includes a plurality of dice for receiving a heated wire spaced along a longitudinal axis. Each die has a circumferential surface forming an opening, and teeth projecting normally from the surface and terminating in the opening. As the heated wire is drawn through the opening of each die, the teeth engage the heated wire to form longitudinal microchannels therein.

Method and apparatus for forming microchannels in a filament wire

A fluorescent lamp is capable of easily achieving a reduction of power consumption only be being mounted on a conventional lighting apparatus, whether or not the lighting apparatus has a dimming function. The fluorescent lamp includes an arc tube; and a current suppressing section for suppressing a lamp current which flows in the arc tube, after the elapse of a predetermined time after the power is turned on, and during an operation of the fluorescent lamp.

Fluorescent lamp

A fluorescent lamp of the present invention includes: a first electrode section having a first filament; a second electrode section having a second filament; a fluorescent tube in which a fluorescent substance Is applied on an inner wall of the fluorescent tube; a first structure of a nonconductor provided in the fluorescent tube: and a second structure of a conductor provided in the fluorescent tube. The first structure and the second structure are provided between the first filament and the second filament.

Lamp having conductor structure and non-conductor structure provided between filaments

Light having a wavelength equal to or less than the cut-off wavelength of a sharp-cut filter is cut off so that an output of a photo-sensitive device corresponds to a stray light component when a wavelength control device sets the wavelength equal to or less than the cut-off wavelength of the sharp-cut filter. By subtracting the stray light component from the output of the photo-sensitive device when the photo-sensitive device is to be measured an intensity of light having a predetermined wavelength, the stray light component can be removed from dispersion outputs of the spectroradiometer.

Spectroradiometer

A luminous flux measuring apparatus includes an integrating hemisphere which has a hemisphere shape and an inner wall. The inner wall has a light diffusing material applied thereto. A flat mirror is installed to cover the first opening of integrating hemisphere. A second opening is located at the center of the flat mirror and the window has the same configuration of longitudinal cross section of the illuminant to be measured. A light detector which has a light-intercepting window is located inside the integrating hemisphere. Finally, the flux measuring apparatus includes a means for holding the illuminant in the window of the mirror at the center of curvature of the integrating hemisphere.

Luminous flux measuring apparatus using an integrating hemisphere or an

A method and apparatus for measuring a single-wavelength irradiance employ (1) a reference photosensor unit combining a photodiode having an absolute response at a given wavelength calibrated by a self-calibration process and a precision aperture, (2) a single radiation source of the given wavelength combining a band-pass filter having a pass band only near the given wavelength and a radiation source for producing a line spectrum radiation of the given wavelength, and (3) a radiation illuminometer. The reference photosensor unit is arranged at a distance d from the single radiation source to measure the irradiance thereat, and then the radiation illuminometer is arranged at the position of the reference photosensor unit to calibrate an indicating scale of the radiation illuminometer with respect to the single radiation of the given wavelength in relation with the reference photosensor unit.

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Takatsuki, Japan

Kazuaki Ohkubo