Gkss-forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh

Gesellschaft Fur Kernenergieverwertung in Schiffbau Und Schiffahrt Mbh

Gesellschaft Fur Kernenergieverwertung in Schiffbau Und Schiffahrt Gmbh

Gsk Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh

Karl W Boddeker

Axel Wenzlaff

Walter Hilgendorff

Dieter Behling

Gerhard Kahn

Gisela Bengtson

Gunter Luhrs

Membrane for the separation of liquid mixtures by pervaporation

A method of separating and recovering components of a mixture having a gap in the range of miscibility and having organic compounds and water in a pervaporization process with the aid of membranes. The mixture is first separated into an organically loaded water phase and a water-saturated organic phase. Subsequently, the organically loaded water phase and the water-saturated organic phase are separately subjected to parallel, different pervaporization processes, resulting in retentates as water on the one hand and organic liquid on the other hand. The permeates that result during the pervaporization processes are subsequently returned to the mixture that is to be separated.

Method of separating and recovering components of mixtures via

A method of separating and recovering components of a mixture having a gap in the range of miscibility and including organic compounds and water in a pervaporization process with the aid of membranes. The mixture is first separated into an organically loaded water phase and a water-saturated organic phase. Subsequently, the organically loaded water phase and the water-saturated organic phase are separately subjected to parallel, different pervaporization processes, resulting in retentates as water on the one hand and organic liquid on the other hand. The permeates that result during the pervaporization processes are subsequently returned to the mixture that is to be separated.

An apparatus for the separation of solutions by pervaporation includes a raw solution chamber through which a raw solution is conducted from which a part is to be separated, a permeation chamber disposed adjacent the raw solution chamber but separated therefrom by a membrane which permits evaporation therethrough of part of the solution into the permeation chamber from which the vapors are removed, a heating structure arranged adjacent the raw solution chamber in direct contact with the raw solution therein for replenishing to the solution the heat consumed by pervaporation of part of the solution through the membrane. The raw solution chambers have closely spaced solution supply and discharge openings along opposite walls to provide laminar flow therethrough in one direction and the pervaporation chambers have discharge openings closely spaced along opposite side walls oriented normal to the orientation of the raw solution supply and discharge openings so as to rapidly remove from the pervaporation chamber any pervaporate and to remove it in a direction normal to the flow direction of the raw solution through the raw solution chamber.

Apparatus for the separation of solutions by pervaporation

A semi-permeable asymmetrical membrane, useful for water desalting by reve osmosis and comprising cellulose acetate polymer, is formed from a casting solution in which there is incorporated, as a swelling medium, organophilic bentonite, that is, bentonite (preferably Montmorillonite) which has been directly reacted with di-methyl-di-stearyl (quaternary) ammonium chloride to have had its exchangeable cations replaced by long-chain hydrocarbons. The bentonite is swelled in dioxane, and the solution also includes acetone, equal parts of cellulose diacetate and cellulose triacetate, acetic acid and methanol. The steps of casting, cold water immersion and annealing are generally conventional. Incorporation of the bentonite results in high salt restraining capacity along with high product water flow and good flow stability.

Semi-permeable asymmetrical membrance and process of producing same

Apparatus for desalinating water by reverse osmosis, having a series of pus discs each covered on both sides by a membrane, and compressed at their edges between respective pairs of a stack of module plates which are identical and which each consist of two mirror image halves, alternate module plates in the stack being rotated through 180.degree.. A zig-zag flow path through the stack is thereby provided with desalinated water passing by reverse osmosis into the porous discs and hence radially outward of the stack for collection.

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Beitenfelde, Germany

Karl W Boddeker