Basf Aktiengesellschaft

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Basfaktiengesellschaft

Karl Siegfried Brenner

Klaus Halbritter

Wolfgang Sauer

Hans-Juergen Scheiper

Rainer Becker

Thomas Kuekenhoehner

Wilhelm Ruppel

Matthias Irgang

Werner Aquila

Manfred Eggersdorfer

Michael Huellmann

Horst Zimmermann

Charles Schommer

Rolf Hartmuth Fischer

Wolfgang Harder

Hans Rupert Merkle

Horst Hartmann

Lothar Franz

Erich Fretschner

Hartwig Fuchs

Hans-Juergen Gosch

Otto Woerz

Klaus-Dieter Malsch

Hans-Ulrich Scholz

Wolfgang Hoffmann

Harald Schultheiss

Anne Van Gastel

Process for preparing solid, free-flowing water-soluble salts of

A process for the preparation of tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrofuran and .gamma.-butyrolactone from the product of the hydrogenation of maleic acid, succinic acid, maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride and/or fumaric acid, by treating the crude hydrogenation product, without prior work-up, at from 100.degree. to 300.degree. C. with a protic acid, and isolating pure tetrahydrofuran and .gamma.-butyrolactone from the resultant reaction mixture by distillation.

Preparation of tetrahydrofuran and gamma-butyrolactone

The laboratory apparatus is used for separating gaseous, liquid and solid substances from gas samples (for example air) to be trace analyzed. It comprises a vessel and a mixer insert with nozzles. The gas fed into the mixer insert emerges from the nozzles at high speed into an absorption liquid held in the vessel so that intensive mixing and hence high absorption of the substances takes place. After passing through the liquid the gas leaves the vessel via an outlet. The substances absorbed in the liquid are available for analysis.

Laboratory apparatus for separating substances from gas samples

In a tube bundle reactor for carrying out catalytic organic reactions in the gas phase, comprising reaction tubes (A) arranged between tubesheets (B), the reaction tubes have an inside diameter ranging from 0.5 to 3 cm, the ratio of reaction tube length to inside diameter ranges from 2 to 10, and the reaction tubes (A) are surrounded by a fluid heat transport medium flowing in the crosswise direction; said tube bundle reactor is useful in particular in exothermic organic reactions.

Tube bundle reactor, use thereof in exothermic organic reactions, and

Muscone of the formula I ##STR1## is prepared by a process in which an open-chain 2,15-diketone of the general formula II

Preparation of muscone, intermediates for this preparation and

Process for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol or tetrahydrofuran or both by the catalytic hydrogenation of maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, maleic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, or the alkyl esters of these acids at temperatures of from 100.degree. C. to 350.degree. C. and pressures of from 50 bar to 350 bar over a catalyst containing cobalt as the active metal and one or both of the elements copper and phosphorus, if necessary in the presence of an aliphatic alcohol.

Preparation of 1,4-butanediol or tetrahydrofuran or both

Aldehydes and ketones of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or an organic radical of 1 to n carbon atoms and R.sup.2 is a non-aromatic organic radical of 1 to m carbon atoms, (m+n) ranging from 2 to 24 and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 being combinable to form a 4- to 12-membered ring, are prepared in a continuous manner by oxidizing an alcohol of the general formula II ##STR2## with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas at elevated temperatures in the gas phase in the presence of a catalyst, by effecting the oxidation by means of a supported catalyst composed of an inert carrier having a smooth surface and from 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the amount of carrier, of an active layer of copper, silver and/or gold in a tubular reactor or tube bundle reactor where the internal diameter D of the tube or tubes ranges from 10 to 50 mm and the largest diameter d of the coated supported catalysts is subject to the relationship d=from 0.1 to 0.2 D.

Continuous preparation of aldehydes and ketones

A process for the continuous preparation of 3-alkyl-buten-1-als by oxidative dehydrogenation of 3-alkyl-buten-1-ols at from 320.degree. to 650.degree. C. with oxygen over a catalyst containing copper and/or silver, wherein, within one second after contact with the catalyst, the vaporous reaction mixture, which is at from 320.degree. to 650.degree. C., is brought into contact with a liquid comprising water and/or the condensed reaction mixture at from -20.degree. to 50.degree. C., and the 3-alkyl-buten-1-als are separated off from the resulting condensate.

Continuous preparation of 3-alkyl-buten-1-als

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Ludwigshafen, Germany

Karl Siegfried Brenner