Customarray, Inc.

Combimatrix Corporation

Karl Maurer

John J Cooper, Jr

Joseph Leonetti

Dominic Suciu

Hetian Gao

Andrei Gindilis

H Sho Fujii

H Sho Fuji

Eden Tesfu

Kevin D Moeller

There is disclosed an electrode array architecture employing continuous and discontinuous circumferential electrodes. There is further disclosed a process for the neutralization of acid generated at anode(s) by base generated at cathode(s) circumferentially located to each other so as to confine a region of pH change. The cathodes can be displayed as concentric rings (continuous) or as counter electrodes in a cross pattern (discontinuous). In this way reagents, such as acid, generated in a center electrode are countered (neutralized) by reagents, such as base, generated at the corners or at the outer ring.

Neutralization and containment of redox species produced by circumferential electrodes

There is disclosed an electrochemical deblocking solution for use on an electrode microarray. There is further disclosed a method for electrochemical synthesis on an electrode array using the electrochemical deblocking solution. The solution and method are for removing acid-labile protecting groups for synthesis of oligonucleotides, peptides, small molecules, or polymers on a microarray of electrodes while substantially improving isolation of deblocking to active electrodes. The method comprises applying a voltage or a current to at least one electrode of an array of electrodes. The array of electrodes is covered by the electrochemical deblocking solution.

Electrochemical deblocking solution for electrochemical oligomer synthesis on an electrode array

There is disclosed a microarray having base cleavable linkers and a process of making the microarray. The microarray has a solid surface with known locations, each having reactive hydroxyl groups. The density of the known locations is greater than approximately 100 locations per square centimeter. Optionally, oligomers are synthesized in situ onto the cleavable linkers and subsequently cleaved using a cleaving base. Optionally, the oligomers are cleaved and recovered as a pool of oligomers.

Microarray having a base cleavable linker

A method for electrochemical removal of acid-labile protecting groups on an electrode microarray using an organic solution is disclosed. The solution comprises a hydrazine derivative and a salt in an organic solvent. The hydrazine derivative has at least one hydrazine group having at least one hydrogen. The hydrazine derivative provides acidic reagent when an electrode is active and isolates the acidic reagent to the area around the active electrode. The salt is an organic salt or ionic liquid having a concentration sufficient to provide electrochemical conductivity under an applied voltage. During the applied voltage, acidic reagent is generated, which removes acid-labile protecting groups thereby allowing continued addition of monomers to build a custom microarray of oligonucleotides, peptides, or other polymers.

Electrochemical deblocking using a hydrazine derivative

There is disclosed a process for performing an isolated Pd(II) mediated oxidation reaction electrochemically. The inventive process is performed on an electrode array device having a plurality of separately addressable electrodes. Preferably, the Pd(II) mediated oxidation is a Wacker reaction. Specifically, there is disclosed a process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated oxidation on a plurality of electrodes, comprising providing an electrode array device having a plurality of electrodes with a conductive electrode surface and a matrix or coating material over the electrodes surfaces; providing a solution bathing the electrode array matrix or coating material and electrode surfaces, wherein the solution comprises a transition metal species and a confining agent; and biasing one or a plurality of electrodes ('selected electrode or electrodes') with a voltage or current to regenerate the transition metal species required for the isolated Pd(II) mediated oxidation, whereby the confining agent limits diffusion of the transition metal species to a volume surrounding each selected electrode surface.

Process for performing an isolated Pd(II)-mediated oxidation reaction

There is disclosed a coating material formulation for layering a plurality of electrodes to provide a substrate for the electrochemical synthesis of organic oligomers. Specifically, there is disclosed a coating layer of from about 0.5 to about 100 microns thick and is composed of a mixture of controlled porosity glass (CPG) particles having an average particle size of from about 0.25 to about 25 microns, and a thickening agent.

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Everett, WA, United States of America

Karl Maurer