Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft

Karl-Heinz Eisenlohr

Thomas Simo

Manfred Kriebel

Karl Bratzler

Heiner Tanz

Berthold Scholz

Hans Gaensslen

Ernest Kapp

In a process of producing a synthesis gas which has a low inert gas content and is intended for the synthesis of alcohols, particularly of methanol, and of hydrocarbons, and which is produced from coal or heavy hydrocarbons, by a gasification under pressure with oxygen and steam, whereafter the raw gas is cooled, the impurities are removed by a scrubbing with methanol, and the methanol is removed by means of molecular sieves from the cold pure gas. The pure gas is then cooled further and partly liquefied, the remaining gas is further cooled by a pressure relief and methane is distilled from the liquid part with simultaneous recovery of the synthesis gas, which consists of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and has a low methane content. All or part of the methane is compressed and is subsequently reacted with steam and oxygen to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The produced gas is admixed to the synthesis gas or to the partly purified raw gas.

Process of producing a synthesis gas which has a low inert gas content

Heavy hydrocarbon oil to be processed is subjected to a treatment at elevated temperature and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of dispersed solids and molecular hydrogen and recycled hydrogen donor oil. By this treatment, a certain part of the asphaltenes absorbed on the solids may be coked. The product of that donor solvent hydrovisbreaking (DSV) is distilled. The distillate or distillates is or are catalytically hydrogenated. The visbreaking residue is used for the production of hydrogen. The hydrogenated products are separated in hydrocarbon fractions and are then processed further to fuels and/or petrochemical products and a part of the hydrogenated products is recycled as inherent donor solvent.

Method of processing heavy hydrocarbon oils

A process for converting high-boiling crude oil having a high content of nondistillable residue which crude oil contains metals and asphaltenes by donor solvent hydrovisbreaking is disclosed wherein the process is carried out near the carbonization temperature limit in the presence of a hydrogen donor. The hydrogen donor can be one derived from the crude itself, from a similar crude oil, or from the distillate product of said donor solvent hydrovisbreaking.

Process of converting high-boiling crude oils to equivalent petroleum

A process for producing low water containing suspension of fine-grained brown coal and oil suitable for hydrogenation by hydrogen gas under pressure of 100 to 400 bars at 300.degree. to 500.degree. C. is described. The brown coal is dewatered by being disintegrated to particle sizes of below 5 mm, mixed with oil and subjected for at least about one minute in a first holding reactor to a temperature of 250.degree. to 32.degree. C. at a pressure of 25 to 120 bars. The mixture forms an oil phase and a water phase. The oil phase containing dewatered brown coal is removed from the water phase, passed to a second holding reactor and therein maintained for at least about one minute at a temperature up to 200.degree. C. under a pressure of up to 10 bars. Water-oil vapor in the second holding reactor is removed to leave behind low water-containing brown coal-oil suspension suitable for the hydrogenation.

Process of producing a suspension of brown coal and oil for hydrogenation

A process for recovering elemental sulfur from gases containing inorganic and/or organic sulfur compounds together with large quantities of carbon dioxide and other possible impurities such as unsaturated hydrocarbon and hydrogen cyanide. The waste gas is combined with a combustion-promoting gas and the resulting mixture is burned with a slight excess of air and caused to contact coke at a temperature of 300.degree. to 450.degree. C. The resulting gas, from which oxygen, sulfur trioxide and nitrogen oxide have been removed, by contact with the coke, is cooled to 20.degree. to 80.degree. C and then is scrubbed with aqueous alkali salts of weak inorganic and/or organic acids or amines to remove SO.sub.2. The absorbent is stripped and the recovered SO.sub.2 is reacted with hydrogen at 200.degree. to 400.degree. C to form sulfur and/or hydrogen sulfide and, when hydrogen sulfide is produced, the latter is reacted on alumina or activated carbon at 200.degree. to 300.degree. C to produce the elemental sulfur. All or part of the gas after recovery of the elemental sulfur is recycled.

Process for recovering elemental sulfur from gases having a high carbon

Hydrogen containing gases are purified to remove components therein having polymerization, resinification or coking tendencies or to transform such compounds into harmless compounds. The sulfur content of the hydrogen containing gas is adjusted by adding sulfur or sulfur compounds such that the sulfur content is at least 0.05 to 8 g/Nm.sup.3. The adjusted gas is then passed through a hydrogenation catalyst at temperatures between 100.degree. and 400.degree.C. Suitable hydrogenation catalysts are one or more sulfides and/or oxides of metals of the 6th and 8th Group of the periodic system.

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Dreieich, Germany

Karl-Heinz Eisenlohr