Bayer Aktiengesellschaft

Agfa-gevaert Ag

Karl-Heinz Aleksander Starzewski

Josef Witte

Herbert Bartl

Siegfried Thurm

Warren Mark Kelly

Uwe Denninger

Andreas Stumpf

Method for producing cycloolefin (co)polymers for technical applications

Compounds, for initiating the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, having the formula ##STR1## where E is nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony,

Palladium catalysts for polymerization

A method for the polymerization of cycloolefins in a presence of a nickel (0) compound or a compound which can be converted in situ into a nickel (0) compound, as a catalyst. The catalyst of the present invention exhibits very high catalytic activity towards polymerization of cycloolefins.

Nickel catalysts for polymerization

Heat-stable, flexible polarizers with a polarizing layer of a polymer with conjugated double bonds with the exception of exclusively polyacetylene-containing polymer matrixes are obtained if their surfaces are sealed with silicate.

Heat-stable polarizers

Thermostable, flexible polarizers having a polarizing layer of a polymer with conjugated double bondings are obtained when their surfaces are sealed by a protective layer of SiO.sub.x where x is from 1 to 2.

Thermostable polarizers

Thermostable, flexible polarizers having a polarizing layer of a polyacetylene-containing polymer are obtained if their surfaces are sealed by means of silicate layers.

A polarizing film of improved blocking position based on polyvinyl alcohol which comprises polyacetylene as the light-polarizing substance is obtained if such a film is heated for at least 10 s at a temperature of between 100.degree. C. and 300.degree. C.

Polarizing film

Mouldings made from polyacetylene-containing polymer products comprising poly-acetylene and a polymer other than polyacetylene are distinguished by improved stability of their optical and electrical properties in air when they have a protective coating of a silicate.

Polyacetylene-containing mouldings

The process for manufacturing a polarizing film based on polyvinyl alcohol and at least one dichroic substance by casting or extrusion of a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and a solvent, whereby the polyvinyl alcohol contains the dichroic substance, drying and stretching of the film by between 300 and 1200%, whereby, depending on the width of the unstretched film b.sub.o, a stretch gap l.sub.o is provided, satisfying the condition b.sub.o /l.sub.o &lt;3, leads to higher dichroic extinction quotients.

Manufacture of polarizing films

The title compounds can be prepared by reaction of a styrene derivative with ethylene in the presence of a nickel catalyst which carries a phosphorus-oxygen chelate ligand, at a temperature of 20.degree.to 160.degree. C. and an ethylene pressure of 1 to 200 bar. Styrene derivatives extended with ethylene, of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.19 denotes hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, vinyl or chlorine and R.sup.38 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 -acyl, flourine, chlorine or bromine and

Process for the preparation of styrene derivatives extended at the

Nickel compounds which can be produced by reacting a nickel(O) compound or a nickel compound, which can be converted in situ into a nickel(O) compound, with an adduct or a mixture of maleic acid anhydride and a tertiary phosphine, optionally with a compound of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X represents O, NR.sup.4 or ##STR2## and n represents zero or one, and optionally with an organoaluminium compound, are suitable for the homo-and copolymerization of 1-olefins and for the polymerization of acetylene.

Organic nickel compounds, the production thereof and the use thereof as

Olefins such as ethylene can be polymerized with a catalyst which comprises nickel compounds obtained by reacting a nickel-(O) compound or a nickel compound which may be converted in situ into a nickel-(O) compound with an adduct or a mixture of a quinoid compound and a tertiary phosphine and with a compound corresponding to the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkenyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl optionally substituted by halogen, hydroxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkoxy, nitro or C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryloxy; also C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl-C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl-C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl-C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl and C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl-C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylamino, optionally substituted phenoxy or alkoxy; R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent hydrogen, silyl, halogen, cyano or R.sup.1 and

Organic nickel compounds, production and use thereof as catalysts in the

Nickel-compounds, producible by reaction of Nickel-(O)-compound or a compound convertible thereto in situ with two different compounds corresponding to the following formulae ##STR1## are useful as catalysts in the polymerization of olefins.

Growing community of inventors

Bad Vilbel, Germany

Karl-Heinz Aleksander Starzewski