Basf Aktiengesellschaft

Karl Fischer

Guenter Eckert

Peter Horn

Franz Leppmeier

Gerd Kaibel

Walter Himmele

Michael Schulz

Maximilian Vicari

Dietrich Lach

Joachim Thiel

Heinz Auer

Max Strohmeyer

Kurt Schneider

Friedrich Sauer

Hans Hammer

Johannes E Schmidt

Armin Volker Grenacher

Rudolf Irnich

Rolf Seubert

Manfred Herr

Jochen Kellenbenz

Dieter Zimmerling

Jürgen Dahlhaus

Werner Maltry

Petert Weyland

A description is given of a process for preparing methyl formate by reacting excess methanol with carbon monoxide under superatmospheric pressure and at elevated temperature in the presence of alkali metal methoxide or alkaline earth metal methoxide as catalyst in a pressure-rated reactor, in which the use of at least two reactor elements, preferably operated in countercurrent, at about 100&#xb0; C. and a pressure of about 100 bar in combination with a solids-free desalting of the reaction product makes possible very economical, largely trouble-free production of methyl formate in any desired quality and with a very good production capacity. Furthermore, the process for solids-free desalting and apparatuses for carrying out this process are described.

Method for the continuous production of methyl formate

Aqueous polymer formulations contain one or more polymers, external plasticizers, effective amounts of emulsifiers and, if necessary, natural and/or synthetic waxes and are suitable as binders on leather.

Aqueous polymer formulations

Very pure maleic anhydride having a stable color is obtained by fractional distillation of crude maleic anhydride by a method in which the maleic anhydride vapor separated off from low boilers and high boilers is partially condensed so that from 0.5 to 15% by weight of the maleic anydride vapor is separated off from the vapor phase as a liquid precondensate, and the remaining very pure maleic anhydride vapor is then completely condensed.

Obtaining very pure maleic anhydride from crude maleic anhydride

Leather is finished on the basis of a purely aqueous system using aqueous polymer dispersions, casein and crosslinking agents in the bottoming and seasoning.

Finishing of leather

Leather or a synthetic leather substitute is finished by applying a bottoming based on an aqueous acrylic resin dispersion, drying the coating and then applying a season containing an aqueous styrene/acrylate dispersion, by a process wherein the dispersion used in the bottoming procedure comprises one or more copolymers (a) which contain, as copolymerized units, from 30 to 85% by weight of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkyl acrylate or methacrylate, from 1 to 8% by weight of a carboxyl-containing monomer and from 7 to 65% by weight of one or more monomers, which are copolymerizable with the above monomers, from the group comprising acrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and styrene, the percentages being based on the copolymer, and a copolymer (b) which contains, as copolymerized units, from 50 to 90% by weight of vinylidene chloride, from 10 to 50% by weight of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkyl acrylate or methacrylate and from 1 to 5% by weight of N-methylolacrylamide or --methacrylamide which carries a group capable of crosslinking the copolymer, with or without from 1 to 5% by weight of acrylamide or methacrylamide, the percentages being based on the copolymer, or the composition contains, in dispersed form, from 50 to 90% by weight of vinyl chloride and from 10 to 50% by weight of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl acrylate or methacrylate as well as from 0 to 5% by weight of acrylamide or methacrylamide in the ratio a:b of from 2:1 to 5:1, and the season used is a dispersion which contains a divalent metal ion and, in dispersed form, a copolymer (c) which contains, as copolymerized units, from 20 to 40% by weight of styrene, from 50 to 75% by weight of one or more C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl acrylates or methacrylates, from 1 to 10% by weight of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and from 1 to 5% by weight of N-methylolacrylamide or --methacrylamide which carries a group capable of crosslinking the copolymer, the percentages being based on the copolymer.

Finishing leather or a synthetic leather substitute

Aldehydes are obtained from the gaseous product of the hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds using a rhodium catalyst by a process (cf. FIG. 2) in which

Recovery of aldehydes from hydroformylation reaction gas

Dimethyl carbonate is obtained pure, from its solutions in methanol, by extractive distillation carried out with a temperature of from 60.degree. C. at the top to 250.degree. C. at the bottom of the column and employing, as the extractant, an aprotic organic liquid which is substantially inert toward dimethyl carbonate, boils at above 100.degree. C. at standard pressure, is miscible with dimethyl carbonate in all proportions and has a dielectric constant .epsilon. of from 4 to 90 and a dipole moment .mu. of from 1.5 to 5 Debye.

Preparation of pure dimethyl carbonate

Nylon copolymer containing piperazine and a process for finishing leather and imitation leather, having a surface of polyurethane or plasticized PVC, by applying a solution of this nylon copolymer and drying it. The overall properties of the finish are better then those of conventional finishes.

Nylon copolymer from piperazine, aliphatic diamine and mixture of

A specific copolyamide and its use for finishing leather and leather substitutes, particularly those of polyurethane. A particular advantage of the copolyamide is its sealing effect counteracting the migration of dyes, plasticizers and fats, combined with other advantages such as good mechanical properties and the stability of the solutions.

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Bad Duerkheim, Germany

Karl Fischer