Saint-gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc.

University of Tennessee Research Foundation

Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.

Saint-gobain Cristaux & Détecteurs

Luxium Solutions, LLC

Kan Yang

Peter R Menge

Mariya Zhuravleva

John M Frank

Charles L Melcher

Piotr Szupryczynski

Vladimir Ouspenski

Julien Lejay

Artan Duraj

Samuel Blahuta

Luis Stand

Adam Coleman Lindsey

A scintillation crystal can include a sodium halide that is co-doped with thallium and another element. In an embodiment, the scintillation crystal can include NaX:Tl, Me, wherein X represents a halogen, and Me represents a Group 1 element, a Group 2 element, a rare earth element, or any combination thereof. In a particular embodiment, the scintillation crystal has a property including, for radiation in a range of 300 nm to 700 nm, an emission maximum at a wavelength no greater than 430 nm; or an energy resolution less than 6.4% when measured at 662 keV, 22&#xb0; C., and an integration time of 1 microsecond. In another embodiment, the co-dopant can be Sr or Ca. The scintillation crystal can have lower energy resolution, better proportionality, a shorter pulse decay time, or any combination thereof as compared to the sodium halide that is doped with only thallium.

Scintillation crystal including a co-doped sodium halide

A radiation detector can include a scintillator having opposing end surfaces and a plurality of discrete photosensors disposed on an end surface of the scintillator. In an embodiment, the photosensors are disposed at the corners or along the peripheral edge of the end surface, as opposed to being disposed at the center of the end surface. In an embodiment, the plurality of discrete photosensors may cover at most 80% of a surface area of the end surface of the scintillator and may not cover a center of the end surface of the scintillator. In a further embodiment, an aspect ratio of the monolithic scintillator can be selected to improve energy resolution.

Photosensors arranged on a surface of a scintillator

A radiation detector can include a logic element configured to determine a depth of interaction based on a decay time corresponding to a radiation event and a constituent concentration profile of a radiation-sensing member. In another aspect, a method of detecting radiation can include determining a depth of interaction based on a decay time corresponding to a radiation event and a constituent concentration profile of a radiation-sensing member. The radiation detector and method can be useful in applications where depth of interaction is significant. The radiation-sensing member may include a variety of different materials, and is particularly well suited for alkali metal halides.

Radiation detector to determine a depth of interaction and method of using the same

A radiation detector can include a logic element configured to determine an adjusted value for light emission of a luminescent material. A method of using the radiation detector can include determining an adjusted value of a luminescent material. The adjustment can be based on an inverse correlation between decay times corresponding to signal pulses and values of light emissions corresponding to the signal pulses. In an embodiment, the logic element may be further configured to obtain a measured value of a decay time and a measured value for the light emission, and determining an adjusted value for the light emission can be based on the measured value of the decay time and measured value for the light emission.

Radiation detector and uses thereof

Mixed halide scintillation materials of a first general formula ABMX'X&#x2033;and a second general formula ABMX&#x2032;X&#x2033;are disclosed. In the general formulas, A is an alkali metal, B is an alkaline earth metal, and X&#x2032; and X&#x2033; are two different halogen atoms. Scintillation materials of the first general formula include a divalent external activator M such as Euor Ybor a trivalent external activator M such as Ce. Scintillation materials of the second general formula include a monovalent external activator M such as In, Na, or Tlor a trivalent external activator such as Ce.

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A scintillator can include a monocrystalline compound having a general formula NaLiX, where 0&#x3c;y&#x3c;1 and X is at least one halogen or any combination of halogens. In an embodiment, the scintillator can have a Pulse Shape Discrimination Figure of Merit of at least 1 at a temperature of 25&#xb0; C., at a temperature of 150&#xb0; C., or both.

Alkali halide scintillator and uses thereof

Scintillation crystal including a co-doped sodium halide, and a radiation detection apparatus including the scintillation crystal

A scintillator can include an elpasolite scintillator compound. The scintillator can be doped with a Group 2 element, and may also include an activator. The scintillator has an improved core valence luminescence at room temperature as compared to a corresponding elpasolite scintillator compound without the Group 2 dopant. The elpasolite scintillator compound can have significant core valance luminescence at a temperature higher than 125&#xb0; C. In a particular embodiment, the elpasolite scintillator compound can include Cl and may or may not also include another halide, such as Br or I. The scintillator can be part of an apparatus that detects gamma radiation and neutrons and may allow a relatively simpler pulse discrimination technique to be used to a higher temperature, such as 125&#xb0; C. to 150&#xb0; C. before a relatively more complex pulse discrimination technique would be used.

Scintillator including an elpasolite scintillator compound and apparatus including the scintillator

A radiation detection apparatus can include a scintillator, a photosensor optically coupled to the scintillator, and a control module electrically coupled to the photosensor. The control module can be configured to receive a pulse from the photosensor and identify a cause of noise corresponding to the pulse. Such information can be useful in determining failure modes and potentially predict future failures of radiation detection apparatuses. In another embodiment, the wavelet discrimination can be used to determine whether or not the pulse corresponds to a scintillation pulse, and potentially to identify a type of radiation or a radiation source. The technique is robust to work over a variety of temperatures, and particularly, at temperatures significantly higher than room temperature.

Radiation detection apparatus using pulse discrimination and a method of using the same

A control module for a radiation detector can be configured to use a first pulse shape discrimination technique at a first state, and use a second pulse shape discrimination technique at a second state.

Radiation detector, processor module, and methods of detecting radiation and well logging

A halide scintillator material is disclosed where the halide may comprise chloride, bromide or iodide. The material is single-crystalline and has a composition of the general formula ABXwhere A is an alkali, B is an alkali earth and X is a halide which general composition was investigated. In particular, crystals of the formula ACaEuIwhere A=K, Rb and Cs were formed as well as crystals of the formula CsAEuX(where A=Ca, Sr, Ba, or a combination thereof and X=Cl, Br or I or a combination thereof) with divalent Europium doping where 0&#x2266;y&#x2266;1, and more particularly Eu doping has been studied at one to ten mol %. The disclosed scintillator materials are suitable for making scintillation detectors used in applications such as medical imaging and homeland security.

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Solon, OH, United States of America

Kan Yang