International Business Machines Corporation

Lenovo Limited

Jussi Petri Myllymaki

Reiner Kraft

Daniel Alexander Ford

Stefan Bengt Edlund

Kevin Scott Beyer

Joann Ruvolo

Michael Lawrence Emens

Paul Geoffrey Brown

Shanghua Teng

Ying Li

Hui Lei

James Harvey Kaufman

Jared Joseph Jackson

Kevin Trung Cao

A pattern-based data matching system matches pattern-based data. The data matching system generates a regular expression pattern for input datasets and describes similarity measures between the generated patterns. The data matching system analyzes an input dataset in terms of symbol classes, generalizing input values into a general pattern to allow identification or extrapolation of overlap between input datasets, aiding in matching fields in databases that are being merged and in learning a pattern for an input dataset. For each sequence of data values, the present system computes a compact pattern describing the sequence. Embodiments of the data matching system comprise noise reduction and repetitive pattern discovery in the input dataset and calculation of recall and precision of the generated pattern.

System for matching pattern-based data

A method and system for providing personal and emergency service hailing. A profile database stores profiles with individualized distance thresholds for each of a number of wireless devices. A wireless message proximity request is received from a requesting wireless device. Distances between a location of the requesting wireless device and locations of each of other wireless communications devices is computed and compared to individualized distance thresholds stored for the requesting wireless communications device. A set of wireless devices consisting of wireless devices that satisfy the individualized distance thresholds for the requesting wireless communications device is identified and a wireless message proximity response is sent to the requesting wireless communications device. The wireless message proximity response identifies the set of wireless communications devices that satisfy the at least one individualized distance threshold.

System and method for providing personal and emergency service hailing in wireless network

A system for automatic proximity-based preloading of relevant information in portable devices pre-loads a portable device such as a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) or portable computer before the occurrence of a trip or event, with information relevant to the user's current or upcoming tasks. The system locates and loads into the portable device only the information required by the user for near term projects, meetings, or trips. The system is generally comprised of an information catalog, a proximity estimator, a relevance estimator, an information retriever, and a device loader. The information catalog contains a list of the information sources and items to which the user has access and from which the system of the invention will retrieve data to be loaded into the mobile device. The proximity estimator determines the proximity of various relevant information items to the user's tasks based on distance, time, and/or association. The relevance estimator combines these proximity measures into a single relevance score. The most relevant information is retrieved by the information retriever and loaded onto the portable device by the device loader.

Automatic relevance-based preloading of relevant information in portable devices

A method and system for determining each location and identifier of a plurality of wireless communication devices, computing a distance between a location of a requesting device and the location of each of the plurality of wireless communication devices. The system and method presents to a user of a requesting device a list of at least one of the plurality of wireless communication devices that satisfy a proximity requirement for the requesting device. The user can then select a presented one of the list of at least one of the plurality of wireless communication devices and initiate communications with the selected one wireless communication device. The system and method also can receive an alert notification request from the requesting device and send an alert notification, in response to the alert notification request, to a plurality of wireless communication devices satisfying a proximity requirement for the requesting device.

This invention pioneers an enhanced crawling mechanism and technique called 'Enhanced Browser Based Web Crawling'. It permits the fault-tolerant gathering of dynamic data documents on the World Wide Web (WWW). The Enhanced Browser Based Web Crawler technology of this invention is implemented by incorporating the intricate functionality of a web browser into the crawler engine so that documents are properly analyzed. Essentially, the Enhanced Browser Based Crawler acts similarly to a web browser after retrieving the initially requested document. It then loads additional or included documents as needed or required (e.g. inline-frames, frames, images, applets, audio, video, or equivalents.). The Crawler then executes client side script or code and produces the final HTML markup. This final HTML markup is ordinarily used for the rendering for user presentation process. However, unlike a web browser this invention does not render the composed document for viewing purposes. Rather it analyzes or summarizes it, thereby extracting valuable metadata and other important information contained within the document. Also, this invention introduces the integration of optical character recognition (OCR) techniques into the crawler architecture. The reason for this is to enable the web crawler summarization process to properly summarize image content (e.g. GIF, JPEG or an equivalent) without errors.

System and method for enhanced browser-based web crawling

A pattern-based data matching method matches pattern-based data. The data matching method generates a regular expression pattern for input datasets and describes similarity measures between the generated patterns. The data matching method analyzes an input dataset in terms of symbol classes, generalizing input values into a general pattern to allow identification or extrapolation of overlap between input datasets, aiding in matching fields in databases that are being merged and in learning a pattern for an input dataset. For each sequence of data values, the present method computes a compact pattern describing the sequence. Embodiments of the data matching method comprise noise reduction and repetitive pattern discovery in the input dataset and calculation of recall and precision of the generated pattern.

Method for matching pattern-based data

The present invention provides a manner for providing Web crawlers capable of efficiently accessing Web content not accessible via static hyperlinks. Log files are maintained of communications between a Web browser and a Web server resulting from real user accesses to the content associated with dynamic hyperlinks. These log files represent past user's accesses to the content and are used to generate Web crawler accesses. This approach allows a crawler to accurately mimic real users, resulting in a capability of the crawler to automatically access all the content that real users would have access to.

Automated access to web content based on log analysis

A method for creating a web service to programmatically access a network addressable location via an intermediate gateway includes analyzing a network at the location; generating, at the gateway, a service description file and an executable code for the network page; translating the service description file into a standard Web service format; deploying the service to the gateway, making the service available to a client application; providing a runtime process to enable the client application to automatically make a programmatic request of the location; translating the structure of the request to a syntax of location using SOAP; submitting the request to the location which executes the submitted request to obtain a response; translating the response to extract data satisfying the request; wrapping the extracted data in a SOAP envelope; translating the wrapped response to a host data structure of the client application; and compiling the executable code.

Allowing client applications to programmatically access web sites

A context fusing system and methodology includes the steps of receiving context data from a plurality of information sources; computing a quality measure for each input context value; organizing context values into one or more clusters, and assigning a single context value and a single quality measure to each cluster; and, selecting one or more clusters according to one or more criteria and aggregating the context values and quality measures of selected clusters to generate a single context value and single quality measure. The single context value and single quality measure are usable by a context aware application to avoid conflict and ambiguity among different information sources providing the context data.

Method and apparatus for fusing context data

A system and method for communication of information that has particular significance to a specific location only to those individuals that are at or near that geo-spatial location. In particular, providing safety factor data and alerts is a preferred use of the invention. The invention allows information to be tailored to the individual at that location by selectively filtering what is communicated and what is not. The system includes a transmitting proximity event server, a GPS client wireless component that can be a personal wireless communication device (such as Palm Pilot, cellular digital phones, etc.) or personal computer configured for use within a global position satellite network.

Wireless communication system and method to provide geo-spatial related event data

A system (and method and programmable storage medium for storing program steps of the method) for locating an alternate communication mechanism in case of a failure of a wireless device, includes a location tracker for continuously transmitting information to the wireless communication device for allowing a user to locate an alternate communication mechanism after the failure has occurred.

System and method for locating an alternate communication mechanism in case of a failure of a wireless communication device

A computer program product is provided as a system for use with the Internet to determine the physical location of IP addresses. The system of the invention includes a locator broker and various databases. The locator broker is the intermediary between the locator sources that estimate the physical location of an IP address and the online sites requesting the physical location of the IP address. The locator broker aggregates and validates the results from its location queries of the locator sources then returns to the online site the most likely location for a given IP address. The locator broker also tracks the reliability of each locator source and thus targets its location queries to those services most likely to provide an accurate result. The locator broker digests location data from multiple geolocation services and presents a coherent view of the location data to the online site. The locator broker also provides value-added localization data to the online site based on the resulting location of the IP address including useful suggestions to the online site for tailoring data to the online user based on the user's physical location. The locator broker acts on a contract from the online site, which specifies the IP address for which a location is desired. The contract allows the online site to dictate the type of location desired (e.g., city, state), the accuracy desired, and the time frame in which the request must be satisfied. The locator broker bills the online site only when it satisfies the contract for time and accuracy.

System and method for determining network users' physical locations

A system, method and computer program product for enabling a user to detect nearby RFID tags and identify nearby RFID readers to enhance user privacy. A portable RFID reader scans for nearby tags, and a universal RFID tag detects nearby readers. The invention can alert the user of nearby RFID tags or readers, unless the user has disabled the alerting feature or unless a particular tag or reader is already known to the user and has been deemed allowable. A memory includes editable lists of allowable tags and readers. Exemplary alerts include outputs from a sound emitter, a vibrator, a light, or a display readout. The invention thus prevents surreptitious identification and tracking of a user and a user's possessions. The invention may be integrated into items typically carried by users so that the detection and alerting may be performed without outward indication.

Anti-tracking system to ensure consumer privacy

Analysis of a history of previous location reports received from a tracked entity is performed and this analysis is utilized to estimate the relevance of future location reports over time. This is accomplished via associating a computed expiration time with each location report, wherein this expiration time is used by an application to estimate the relevance degradation of a location report over time. Thus, the expiration time value acts as a threshold that controls the shape of a relevance degradation curve of a location report.

System for estimating the temporal validity of location reports through pattern analysis

A proxy engine (), in communication with a web crawler (), extends the performance of the web crawler () by modifying hyperlink requests and creating synthetic hyperlink requests from data received from a web site (). The proxy engine () converts hyperlinks to a method used by a target web site. The proxy engine receives data from a web site () located across a network (), and then determines whether additional data from the web site () is extractable. In response to determining that additional data from the web site () is extractable, the proxy engine () creates at least one synthetic hyperlink for extracting the data from the web site (). The proxy engine () then combines the at least one synthetic hyperlink with the data received from the website () to create combined data and then sends the combined data to the crawler ().

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San Jose, CA, United States of America

Jussi Petri Myllymaki