Bergwerksverband Gmbh

Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation

Deutsche Babcock Aktiengesellschaft

Bergwerksvergand Gmbh

Jurgen Schwarte

Karl K Knoblauch

Horst Grochowski

Harald Juntgen

Horst Lichtenberger

Gunther Gappa

Ekkehard Richter

Rolf Noack

Stefan Gramelt

Klaus Goldschmidt

Dieter Zurawsky

Sulphur is manufactured out of sulphur dioxide containing gases by dividing the feed gas in two flows of gas having a volume ratio of 2 to 1 and reducing the greater flow of gas on a carbon containing substance like anthracite, thereby obtaining hydrogen sulfide which is mixed with the smaller flow of gas, the mixture being converted in a Claus process to sulphur.

Method of manufacturing sulphur from SO.sub.2 containing gases

SO.sub.2 -containing gas is made to contact a carbon-containing material to reduce the gas to a gas mixture containing sulfur and also containing H.sub.2 S and SO.sub.2 in a volume ratio of 2:1. The sulfur is then removed by condensation and the remaining gas mixture subjected to a Claus-process treatment to obtain additional sulfur from it.

Method of producing sulfur from SO.sub.2 -containing gases

A reaction vessel for regenerating particulate adsorbents has a bottom outlet and top inlets for admission of the adsorbent to be regenerated by being heated to a regeneration temperature, and for a particulate regenerating material at a temperature above the regeneration temperature. The mixture of the adsorbent with the regenerating material forms a bed in the reaction vessel and is continuously withdrawn through the outlet so that the bed descends toward the latter and is replenished from above under the formation of a cone at the upper region of the bed. A plurality of tubular baffles coaxially surrounds the inlets which are also coaxial with one another, each of the tubular baffles penetrating into the bed in the region of the cone and retards the flow of the particles of the mixture down the slope of the cone in that the particles must pass underneath the baffle to flow to the next baffle. The bed may be confined between a plurality of axially overlapping spaced tubular guide baffles located in the interior of the reaction vessel with a spacing therefrom. At least one partition may be provided between one of the guide baffles and the vessel, subdividing the chamber between the vessel and the guide baffles into two compartments from which gases which develop during the regeneration of the adsorbent are separately exhausted.

Arrangement for regenerating particulate adsorbents

A charged adsorbent is accommodated in a desorbing vessel and in an intermediate container which communicates with the desorbing vessel. The charged adsorbent is desorbed in the desorbing vessel by contacting the same with a heat carrier, such as with hot sand, and a desorption gas which develops during the desorption of the charged adsorbent in the desorbing vessel is passed through the charged adsorbent accommodated in the intermediate container to capture at least one component of the desorption gas in the charged adsorbent present in the intermediate container. The purified desorption gas is withdrawn from the intermediate container, and the regenerated adsorbent is gradually discharged from the desorbing vessel and the supply of the adsorbent in the desorbing vessel is replenished by charged adsorbent from the intermediate container. The desorption gas is cooled during the passage thereof through the charged adsorbent present in the intermediate container. The magnitude of the temperature reduction of the desorption gas may be controlled by controlling the rate at which the desorption gas is discharged from the intermediate container, such as by resorting to the use of an adjustable vane. The adsorbent in the intermediate container may be confined by gas-permeable walls through which the desorption gas enters and leaves the adsorbent present in the intermediate container.

Method of regenerating adsorbents

A method and apparatus for separating undesirable components from a waste gas by adsorption of the components onto a granular adsorbent. The gas is caused to flow serially through two distinct side-by-side layers of adsorbent both moving parallel to one another in a direction perpendicular to the direction of gas flow. The adsorbent material is so controlled that the particles of the second layer to be contacted by the gas are less loaded with impurities than the particles of the first layer. In one embodiment, this result is achieved by moving the second layer faster than the first layer.

Method and apparatus for the separation of sulfur & nitrogen oxides from

A gaseous substance such as a flue gas or a combustion gas contains an adsorbable impurity which is capable of undergoing an exothermic reaction in the presence of oxygen. The gaseous substance is passed into an adsorber via an inlet conduit. In the adsorber, the impurity in the gaseous substance is adsorbed therefrom. The purified gaseous substance is withdrawn from the adsorber therefrom. The purified gaseous substance is withdrawn from the adsorber via an outlet conduit and conveyed to an exhaust stack. The adsorption of the impurity, as well as the reaction thereof with oxygen in the adsorber, liberate heat. The liberated heat is conveyed from the adsorber by the gaseous substance which is being purified and, accordingly, no undue temperature increase, which may harm or even cause combustion of the adsorbent, occurs in the adsorber. The operation of purifying the gaseous substance is carried out at an underpressure so that, when passage of the gaseous substance through the adsorber is interrupted for some reason, currents of air tend to be drawn through the adsorber due to the suction effects generated in the inlet and outlet conduits. The currents of air constitute sources of fresh oxygen and, as a result, reaction of the adsorbed impurity can continue. The liberated heat is no longer removed, however, so that a drastic temperature increase will then occur in the adsorber. To avoid this, a pair of spaced butterfly valves is provided in both the inlet and outlet conduits. The butterfly valves close, although not with absolute gastightness, when the passage of the gaseous substance through the adsorber is interrupted. This reduces the suction effects. Air or an inert gas is admitted into the regions between the respective pairs of butterfly valves until a pressure on the order of atmospheric pressure has been reached in these regions. The air or inert gas serves as a sort of buffer which prevents the suction effects generated by the source of the gaseous substance and the exhaust stack from acting on the adsorber. Although the air or inert gas may leak into the adsorber until atmospheric pressure has been reached in the latter, any oxygen introduced in this manner is quickly used up so that only minimal temperature increases occur in the adsorber.

Method and arrangement for purifying gases

Sulfur oxides are removed from exhaust gases by passage through a moving bed of granular, carbon-containing adsorbent. The bed of adsorbent moves downward through a perforated shaft. The direction of flow of the exhaust gas is transverse to that of the adsorbent. The flow of the gas is adjusted so that more gas passes through the upper portion of the bed than through the lower portion.

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Essen, Germany

Jurgen Schwarte