Ricoh Company, Ltd.

Hitachi, Ltd.

Nippon Hoso' Kyokai

Fujitsu Corporation

Hewlett-packard Company

Hitachi, Ltd. & Nippon Hoso Kasai

Junichi Yamazaki

Tadaaki Hirai

Keiichi Shidara

Kenji Sameshima

Kazutaka Tsuji

Kenkichi Tanioka

Yukio Takasaki

Tatsuo Makishima

Sachio Ishioka

Takashi Yamashita

Tatsuro Kawamura

Hirofumi Ogawa

Tetsuya Kusano

Kazuhisa Taketoshi

Masaaki Aiba

Mitsuo Kosugi

Yoshiharu Sato

Yasuhiko Nonaka

Naohiro Goto

Eisuke Inoue

Hirokazu Matsubara

Tsuyoshi Uda

Eikyuu Hiruma

Takaaki Unnai

Eikyu Hiruma

Shiro Suzuki

Toshiyuki Kabata

Yoshihiro Watanabe

Naoki Nakatake

Yoshio Watanabe

Toshio Fukagai

Masanao Yamamoto

Noriyuki Iwata

Kiyoshi Taniguchi

Katsuhiko Tani

Norihito Nishimoto

Yuka Miyamoto

Shirou Suzuki

Takato Kiyohara

Mizuho Imaruoka

Takuji Katoh

Misao Kubota

Farhad Fuad Islam

Yochizumi Ikeda

Makoto Okuzawa

Naoyoshi Kusano

Satoshi Hasegawa

Eikiyu Hiruma

Hidetoshi Kami

Shunji Abe

Toshio Soumiya

Yukio Fujiwara

Atsushi Kutami

Kenji Maeda

Kazuhiro Egawa

Yasuharu Shimomoto

Kazuo Hajikano

Mitsuaki Kakemizu

Toshio Shimoe

Takeshi Kikawa

Takahiko Kamae

Shigeru Ehata

Yasuo Iwami

Toshio Takeda

Yoji Tsuboi

Yoshizumi Ikeda

Youichi Ehara

Kazuya Suzuki

Shinya Echigo

Shigemitsu Nakatsugawa

A processing method includes: collecting processing information indicating a processing state of an application executed by an information processing device and operational information indicating operational states of processing elements that are identified on the basis of configuration information stored in a storage unit and are involved in the execution of the application; determining whether or not there is a correlation between the processing state and an operational state of each of the processing elements on the basis of the processing information and the operational information when a delay of a process of the application is detected on the basis of the processing information; and extracting, from among the processing elements, a processing element of which an operational state has a correlation with the processing state on the basis of the determination.

Processing method, processing apparatus, and recording medium to determine operational state of processing element

An electrophotographic photoconductor having a photosensitive layer and a crosslinked resin surface layer over a support, wherein shapes of concaves and convexes in a surface of the electrophotographic photoconductor are measured by a surface roughness/profile measuring device to obtain one-dimensional data arrays, the arrays are subjected to multiresolution analysis (MRA-1) through wavelet transformation to be separated into six frequency components including HHH, HHL, HMH, HML, HLH and HLL to obtain one-dimensional data arrays, the arrays of the HHL are thinned out to be reduced 1/10 to 1/100, thereby producing one-dimensional data arrays, which are then subjected to multiresolution analysis (MRA-2) through wavelet transformation to be separated into six frequency components including LHH, LHL, LMH, LML, LLH and LLL to thereby obtain 12 frequency components in total; and a center-line average roughness (WRa) of the 12 frequency components satisfies relationship (i) below.1&#x2212;597&#xd7;WRa(HML)+238&#xd7;WRa(HLH)&#x2212;95&#xd7;WRa(LHL)+84&#xd7;WRa(LMH)&#x2212;79&#xd7;WRa(LML)+55&#xd7;WRa(LLH)&#x2212;17&#xd7;WRa(LLL)&#x3e;0&#x2003;&#x2003;(i)

Electrophotographic photoconductor, production method of the same, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge

A method for evaluating an electrophotographic photoconductor in terms of filming occurrence is provided that comprises irradiating UV rays having a wavelength of 200 nm to 420 nm onto the electrophotographic photoconductor and measuring fluorescence emitted from the electrophotographic photoconductor.

Method for evaluating electrophotographic photoconductor and the evaluation device, and method for reusing electrophotographic photoconductor

An electrophotographic photoreceptor including a cylindrical substrate including a photosensitive layer on an outer circumferential surface thereof and a flange adhesively fixed to at least one end of the cylindrical substrate. The flange has a joint to which a separation jig is applied to apply a tensility in a direction of separating the flange from the cylindrical substrate. A method of recycling the electrophotographic photoreceptor fills an elastic body with a fluid to inflate and contact the elastic body at the outer circumferential surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor upon application of pressure to grasp the electrophotographic photoreceptor in the jig, and the jig is applied to the joint to pull the flange in a direction of separating the flange from the cylindrical substrate.

Electrophotographic photoreceptor and method of recycling the electrophotographic photoreceptor

A package including an endless belt; a first cylindrical body contacting an inner surface of the endless belt at a first pressure; a second cylindrical body contacting another inner surface of the endless belt at a second pressure; and a third cylindrical body contacting an outer surface of the endless belt at a third pressure, wherein the endless belt is wound around the first, second and third cylindrical bodies while the first, second and third cylindrical bodies are arranged so as to be parallel to each other and substantially located in one plane, and wherein a surface of each of the first, second and third cylindrical bodies contacting the endless belt has a maximum height of from 0.8 to 150 &#x3bc;m when measured by a method based on JIS B 0601.

Package and method of forming the package

A method of detecting a convexity present on a surface of a belt-shaped member (belt) or a roll-shaped member (roller), includes frictionizing (abrading) a surface of the member with a plate, and detecting at least one of (1) a vibration generated on the plate or (2) a change of pressure applied to the plate, to detect the convexity on the surface of the member.

Apparatus and method of detecting surface convexity of members, and method of producing the members

A charging device includes a charge roller adjoining or contacting the surface of a photoconductive element. A DC and an AC voltage source output a DC and an AC voltage, which are applied to the charge roller. The AC voltage has a waveform pattern of at least one of white noise and pink noise.

Image forming apparatus and charging device therefor receiving AC and DC voltages

A package including an endless belt; a first cylindrical body contacting an inner surface of the endless belt at a first pressure; a second cylindrical body contacting another inner surface of the endless belt at a second pressure; and a third cylindrical body contacting an outer surface of the endless belt at a third pressure, wherein the endless belt is wound around the first, second and third cylindrical bodies while the first, second and third cylindrical bodies are arranged so as to be parallel to each other and substantially located in one plane, and wherein a surface of each of the first, second and third cylindrical bodies contacting the endless belt has a maximum height of from 0.8 to 150 m when measured by a method based on JIS B 0601.

A charging device of the present invention includes a charge roller adjoining or contacting the surface of a photoconductive element. A DC and an AC voltage source output a DC and an AC voltage, respectively. A voltage applying device superposes the DC and AC voltage and applies the resulting superposed voltage to the charge roller. A waveform controller causes the AC voltage source to generate an AC voltage having the waveform pattern of particular noise and frequency lying in a preselected range.

Image forming apparatus and charging device therefor

A photoreceptor including a support and a photosensitive layer formed thereon, optionally an undercoat layer between the support and the photosensitive layer, wherein when a group of data consisting of N samples of the height x(t) (&mgr;m) of a profile at the interface of the support on the side of the photosensitive layer, the interface of the photosensitive layer on the side of the support, and/or the interface of the undercoat layer on the side of the photosensitive layer, measured perpendicular to a horizontal direction of the support, taken at &Dgr;t (&mgr;m) intervals in the horizontal direction, is subjected to Fourier transformation in accordance with a formula as specified in the specification, in a power spectrum obtained by the Fourier transformation, I(S) represented by a formula specified in the specification has a particular value, a method of evaluating the above photoreceptor, a method of producing the photoreceptor, and an image formation apparatus in which the photoreceptor is incorporated are disclosed.

Photoreceptor, method of evaluating a photoreceptor, and method of producing the photoreceptor

A photoreceptor including a support and a photosensitive layer formed thereon, optionally an undercoat layer between the support and the photosensitive layer, wherein when a group of data consisting of N samples of the height x(t)(&mgr;m) of a profile at the interface of the support on the side of the photosensitive layer, the interface of the photosensitive layer on the side of the support, and/or the interface of the undercoat layer on the side of the photosensitive layer, measured perpendicular to a horizontal direction of the support, taken at &Dgr;t(&mgr;m) intervals in the horizontal direction, is subjected to Fourier transformation in accordance with a formula as specified in the specification, in a power spectrum obtained by the Fourier transformation, I(S) represented by a formula specified in the specification has a particular value, a method of evaluating the above photoreceptor, a method of producing the photoreceptor, and an image formation apparatus in which the photoreceptor is incorporated are disclosed.

Photoreceptor, method of evaluating the photoreceptor, method of producing the photoreceptor, and image formation apparatus using the photoreceptor

A digital data distribution system that comprises a broadcasting station and an end station. The broadcasting station broadcasts a broadcast signal repetitively modulated with a digital information signal. The digital information signal includes a file group composed of body files containing any or all of audio, graphics and text information. The end system includes a receiver, a user interface, a memory, a controller and a reproduction section. The receiver receives the broadcast signal from the broadcasting station and demodulates the digital information signal from the broadcast signal to generate a digital bit stream. The user interface allows a user to select at least one of the body files for storage as a selected body file. The memory is substantially smaller than the file group. The controller identifies the selected body file in the digital bit stream and causes the selected body file to be stored in the memory. The reproduction section reproduces the audio, graphics or text information contained in the selected body file stored in the memory.

Digital data distribution system having a reduced end station memory requirement

A dip coating apparatus including a substrate supporter which supports a substrate to be coated and which has a gas discharger which has a plurality of holes formed therein from which a gas is discharged; a gas supplying passage through which the gas is supplied to the gas discharger; and a gas supplying valve which is disposed at a position in the gas supplying passage and in which the gas is fed to the gas discharger when the gas supplying valve is opened, wherein a pressure loss in the gas discharger is greater than two times a pressure loss in the gas supplying passage between the gas supplying valve and the gas discharger.

Dip coating apparatus

In a dip coating apparatus including a jig having a function of generating a stream of air flowing downward toward the surface of a coating liquid stored in a bath, and causing the jig to hold a base to be coated and dip it in the coating liquid, the bath includes a lid having an opening whose inside diameter is equal to or greater than the inside diameter of the opening of the bath. The apparatus is capable of forming a uniform film free from roughness on the surface of a desired base, e.g., a photoconductive element for electrophotography.

Growing community of inventors

Mishima, Japan

Junichi Yamazaki