Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Jun Ohira

Kazuto Hosoi

Hironori Owaki

Makoto Aoki

Satoshi Kojima

Yukihiro Abe

Takanori Ueno

Motoya Yamada

Toshiyasu Shirasuna

Naoto Kameyama

Kazunari Ooyama

Yasuo Kojima

Koji Sato

Akeshi Asaka

Hiroto Sugimoto

Akira Okano

Atsushi Hori

Kaoru Okamoto

Yuu Nishimura

Kenichi Ikari

Ryoichi Tokimitsu

Tsuyoshi Shimada

Toshiyuki Yoshida

Kazuhisa Shirayama

Eileen Takeuchi

Ikuyo Kuroiwa

Ryosuke Tsuruga

Megumi Uchino

Hiroshi Tominaga

Shigeo Kuroda

Midai Suzuki

Kiyonori Soutome

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer which exhibits excellent dispersibility of fluorine atom-containing resin particles, and suppresses the occurrence of ghost images. The surface layer contains a fluorine atom-containing resin particle, a binder material, and a polymer A having specific structural units.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, electrophotographic apparatus, and method of producing electrophotographic photosensitive member

An electrophotographic photosensitive member including a surface layer, wherein the surface layer comprises a fluorine atom-containing resin particle, a binder material, and a polymer having a specific structural unit represented by the following formula (1): In formula (1) Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Rrepresents a single bond or a methylene group, Rfand Rfeach independently represent a perfluoroalkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a perfluoroalkylidene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and Rfrepresents a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus, and method of producing electrophotographic photosensitive member

An intermediary transfer belt having surface resistivity &#x3c1;s of 1&#xd7;10&#x3a9;/square or more and volume resistivity &#x3c1;v of 1&#xd7;10&#x3a9;&#xb7;cm or less includes a thermoplastic resin material containing carbon black. The carbon black contained in the thermoplastic resin material has a weight ratio of 22.5-28.5 weight % and include first carbon black and second carbon black. The first carbon black of the carbon black contained in the thermoplastic resin material has a weight ratio of 50-90 weight % and dibutyl phthalate absorption of 93-127 ml/100 g, and the second carbon black of the carbon black contained in the thermoplastic resin material has a weight ratio of 10-50 weight % and dibutyl phthalate absorption of 36-79 ml/100 g.

Intermediary transfer belt, manufacturing method of the intermediary transfer belt, and image forming apparatus

There is provided a method for controlling an electrophotographic apparatus including forming a first measurement image by performing first halftone processing on image data, forming a second measurement image by performing second halftone processing different from the first halftone processing on the image data, measuring densities of the first measurement image and the second measurement image, calculating a density difference between each of densities of the measurement images, determining whether the density difference satisfies a predetermined reference value, and applying a surface treatment on an electrophotographic photosensitive member if the density difference does not satisfy the reference value, during a non-image formation period.

Method for controlling electrophotographic apparatus

The present invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member which has a substrate, a photoconductive layer and a surface layer formed from hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide in this order. The average value of the carbon content (C/(C+Si)) of the surface layer formed from the hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide is set at 0.90 or more and less than 1.00, and the average value of the hydrogen content (H/(H+C+Si)) is set at 0.40 or less; and when the average value of the ratios of the sum of a Si&#x2014;O bond and an O&#x2014;Si&#x2014;O bond in the outermost surface region that constitutes a range within a depth of 5 nm or less from the outermost surface of the surface layer is represented by a, and an average value of the silicon content (Si/(C+Si)) is represented by b, 0.015&#x2264;a*b&#x2264;0.090 holds.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member and method for producing electrophotographic photosensitive member

An average value of a hydrogen content ratio of a surface layer made of hydrogenated amorphous carbon is set to be 0.40 or less and a maximum value of an spbonding ratio in an outermost surface region of the surface layer made of the hydrogenated amorphous carbon is set to be 0.50 or less.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member and electrophotographic apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive member is disclosed which has a change layer consisting of five or more a-SiC intermediate layers, provided between an a-Si photoconductive layer and an a-SiC surface layer. Where two layers contiguous to each other in which C/(Si+C) is from 0.35 to 0.65 are selected from among the a-SiC intermediate layers included in the change layer, the rate of increase between the C/(Si+C) of an a-SiC intermediate layer on the photoconductive layer side and the C/(Si+C) of an a-SiC intermediate layer on the surface layer side (i.e., the rate of increase between layers) is 19% or less.

A negatively-chargeable electrophotographic photosensitive member, has, between a cylindrical substrate and a photoconductive layer, a first lower-part layer formed of a non-single crystal material containing silicon atoms and a second lower-part layer formed of a non-single crystal material containing silicon atoms, and on its photoconductive layer has an upper-part layer formed of a non-single crystal material containing silicon atoms. The first lower-part layer is a layer containing a periodic-table Group 13 element, and the upper-part layer has a region capable of retaining electrification charges.

Negatively-chargeable electrophotographic photosensitive member, image forming process and electrophotographic apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive member is provided minimizing the absorption of image exposure having a short wavelength in a surface layer and keeping good electrophotographic properties including resolving power. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive substrate, and a photoconductive layer and a surface region layer sequentially superimposed on the conductive substrate. The surface region layer is composed of a non-single-crystal silicon nitride film containing an Group element in the periodic table and a carbon atom and using at least a silicon atom and a nitrogen atom as base materials. In the surface region layer, the Group 13 element content with respect to the total amount of constituent atoms has distribution having at least two local maximum values in the thickness direction, and an the average concentration of nitrogen atoms is 30 atm % to 70 atm %.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member

To provide a high-image-quality electrophotographic photosensitive member having a high sensitivity for a wavelength close to 380 to 500 nm, remarkable image resolution property in which absorption of the wavelength is hardly recognized, working-environment characteristic and high safety and superior in abrasion resistance and fabrication easiness and reducing optical memories and an electrophotographic apparatus using the high-image-quality electrophotographic photosensitive member. In the case of an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a substrate, photoconductive layer formed on the substrate and surface layer formed on the photoconductive layer and using silicon and nitrogen atoms as base material and containing an amorphous material containing at least oxygen atoms, the surface layer contains nitrogen atoms as an average concentration shown by the following expression (1) and contains oxygen atoms by the maximum value Omax of the number of oxygen atoms in the thickness direction:0.3&#x2266;N/(Si+N)&#x2266;0.7.&#x2003;&#x2003;(1)

Electrophotographic photosensitive member and electrophotographic apparatus using the electrophotographic photosensitive member

The invention provides a process for producing a negative-charging electrophotographic photosensitive member which can improve the adherence between a first layer and a second layer without lowering the effect of lessening image defects and realize a reduction in overall costs, a negative-charging electrophotographic photosensitive member produced by the process, and an electrophotographic apparatus. In the process for producing a negative-charging electrophotographic photosensitive member, a first layer is deposited on a substarte, at least the vertexes of protuberances are removed, the substrate with the first layer deposited theron is placed in a film forming furnace, the first layer surface is plasma-treated with a gas containing at least a Group 13 element in the periodic table and a dilution gas composed of at least one selected from hydrogen, argon and helium, and a layer formed of a non-single-crystal material is deposited as the second layer on the first layer.

Process for producing negative-charging electrophotographic photosensitive member, negative-charging electrophotographic photosensitive member, and electrophotographic apparatus using same

An electrophotographic photosensitive member is provided which can keep at a minimum the absorption of image exposure light of 380 to 500 nm in wavelength in its surface layer and concurrently can satisfactorily keep electrophotographic properties including resolving power. The electrophotographic photosensitive member has a substrate, and a photoconductive layer and a surface layer in this order provided on the substrate. The surface layer includes an amorphous material composed chiefly of silicon atoms and nitrogen atoms and containing at least oxygen atoms and carbon atoms, and the ratios of the numbers of the respective oxygen atoms, carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms to the total number of oxygen atoms, carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms contained in the amorphous material are each within a specific range.

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Suntou-gun, Japan

Jun Ohira