Leland Stanford Junior University

Shazam Investments Limited

Other

Landmark Digital Services LLC

Apple Inc.

Yamaha Corporation

Outer Echo Inc.

Staccato Systems Inc.

Julius O Smith

Avery Li-Chun Wang

Scott A Van Duyne

Perry R Cook

Jonathan Stuart Abel

David A Jaffe

Gary P Scavone

Maarten Van Walstijn

Esteban Maestre-Gomez

Xavier Serra

Simulation of sound objects and attributes based on time-varying recursive filter structures each comprising a vector of one or more state variables and a mutable number of sound input and/or sound output signals. For simulating sound reception, the recursive update of at least one state variable involves adding an input term obtained by linearly combining input sound signals being received, wherein said combination involves time-varying coefficients adapted in response to input reception coordinates associated with said input sound signals. For simulating sound emission, state variables are linearly combined wherein said combination involves time-varying coefficients adapted in response to output emission coordinates associated with said output sound signals. Attenuation or other effects induced by sound propagation and/or interaction with obstacles may be incorporated during sound emission and/or reception through scaling the time-varying coefficients involved therein. Sound propagation may be simulated by treating state variables of sound object simulations as propagating waves.

Method and system for virtual acoustic rendering by time-varying recursive filter structures

A method for recognizing an audio sample locates an audio file that closely matches the audio sample from a database indexing a large set of original recordings. Each indexed audio file is represented in the database index by a set of landmark timepoints and associated fingerprints. Landmarks occur at reproducible locations within the file, while fingerprints represent features of the signal at or near the landmark timepoints. To perform recognition, landmarks and fingerprints are computed for the unknown sample and used to retrieve matching fingerprints from the database. For each file containing matching fingerprints, the landmarks are compared with landmarks of the sample at which the same fingerprints were computed. If a large number of corresponding landmarks are linearly related, i.e., if equivalent fingerprints of the sample and retrieved file have the same time evolution, then the file is identified with the sample.

Systems and methods for recognizing sound and music signals in high noise and distortion

A method for recognizing an audio sample locates an audio file that matches the sample from a database indexing original recordings. Each indexed file is represented in the database index by a set of landmark timepoints and associated fingerprints. Landmarks occur at reproducible locations within the file, while fingerprints represent features of the signal at or near the landmark timepoints, and the fingerprints are invariant with respect to time stretching of the sample. To perform recognition, landmarks and fingerprints are computed for the unknown sample and used to retrieve matching fingerprints from the database. For each file containing matching fingerprints, the landmarks are compared with landmarks of the sample at which the same fingerprints were computed. If a large number of corresponding landmarks are linearly related, i.e., if equivalent fingerprints of the sample and retrieved file have the same time evolution, then the file is identified with the sample.

A method for recognizing an audio sample locates an audio file that most closely matches the audio sample from a database indexing a large set of original recordings. Each indexed audio file is represented in the database index by a set of landmark timepoints and associated fingerprints. Landmarks occur at reproducible locations within the file, while fingerprints represent features of the signal at or near the landmark timepoints. To perform recognition, landmarks and fingerprints are computed for the unknown sample and used to retrieve matching fingerprints from the database. For each file containing matching fingerprints, the landmarks are compared with landmarks of the sample at which the same fingerprints were computed. If a large number of corresponding landmarks are linearly related, i.e., if equivalent fingerprints of the sample and retrieved file have the same time evolution, then the file is identified with the sample. The method can be used for any type of sound or music, and is particularly effective for audio signals subject to linear and nonlinear distortion such as background noise, compression artifacts, or transmission dropouts. The sample can be identified in a time proportional to the logarithm of the number of entries in the database; given sufficient computational power, recognition can be performed in nearly real time as the sound is being sampled.

System and methods for recognizing sound and music signals in high noise and distortion

A database server contains pointers to useful information, such as on the World Wide Web. Users of the server may have hypertext links added automatically into documents they submit. Users may additionally contribute to the link database, thereby extending it, and may add additional qualifying information pertaining to the links.

Method and apparatus for facilitating use of hypertext links on the world wide web

Methods for recognizing unknown media samples using characteristics of known media samples

A tone synthesis system employs digital filtering methods to enable the practical usage of unstable filter elements in a real-time synthesis model. Truncated infinite impulse response (TIIR) filters are used to approximate portions of the reflection impulse response of an acoustic horn such as a trumpet bell. Methods for resetting filter state enable the use of internal unstable filter poles. Similar state resetting methods enable the use of unstable one-pole filters in the scattering junction formed between two conical acoustic bores. High quality tone synthesis can be achieved without the necessity of a complicated filter representing large sections of the bore of a woodwind instrument.

Physical model musical tone synthesis system employing truncated recursive filters

A sampled data, delay line structure that includes a sampled data delay line, two readers for reading data at corresponding positions of the delay line, controller that controls when the read position of each reader is updated for a new note of a different pitch, and a crossfader that crossfades between the outputs of the two readers to produce a legato transition between the two discrete notes associated with the two readers. The controller receives a control signal indicating a sequence of note events to be implemented by the delay line structure. When a new note on event occurs while a previous note is still playing, a legato crossfade sequence is performed. In particular, the delay line reader not used by the previous note is set to a delay position associated with the new note, and the crossfader is enabled. The crossfader gradually transitions its output from that of the reader used for the previous note to the output of the reader used from the new note. Each reader may include an interpolation filter, such as an allpass filter, so that the delay line length associated with each note can be a non-integer value. The crossfade ramp used by the crossfader is preferably an 's-shaped' non-linear function.

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Julius O Smith