Basf Aktiengesellschaft

Juergen Hartmann

Heinrich Hartmann

Holger Schoepke

Wilfried Heide

Herbert Spoor

Thomas Wirth

Ralf Brueckmann

Dietmar Jung

Walter Denzinger

Matthias Kroner

Friedrich Linhart

Manfred Niessner

Kurt Schneider

Sigberg Pfohl

Joachim Stedefeder

Hans Burkert

Dieter Voelker

Copolymers suitable for use as temporary surface protection for two- or three-dimensional structures and as sizing agents are based on C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylates and/or methacrylates and are obtainable by free radical emulsion or solution polymerization of

Copolymers based on C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylates and/or

Water-soluble or water-dispersible grafts of proteins with monoethylenically unsaturated monomers are used as sizing agents for staple fiber and filament yarns.

Sizing agent for staple fiber and filament yarns

Concentrated aqueous solutions of quaternization products of tertiary aminoalkyl esters or tertiary aminoalkylamides of acrylic or methacrylic acid are prepared by reaction of the corresponding esters or amides with an alkylating agent in a water-soluble ketone as solvent, by a process wherein, in order to isolate the quaternization product, an amount of water is added to the reaction mixture such that two phases form, and the lower aqueous phase, which contains the quaternization product in solution, is separated from the upper phase, which contains the ketone and residual alkylating agent.

Preparation of concentrated aqueous solutions of quaternization products

Flocculants based on polymers of neutralized or quaternized di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkylaminoneopentyl (meth)acrylates and copolymers thereof are used for clarifying waste water and for flocculating sludges.

Flocculants based on polymers containing water-soluble

Water-soluble homopolymers and copolymers of di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkylaminoneopentyl (meth)acrylates, the homopolymers and copolymers having a K value of from 150 to 300, are used as retention agents, drainage agents and flocculants in papermaking. Increased retention, drainage rate and flocculation are achieved in comparison with the conventional basic polyacrylates.

Water-soluble polymers of di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkylaminoneopentyl

A process for the manufacture of paper having a high dry strength and a low wet strength, by treating the surface of the paper with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal salt of a polymer of (a) from 91 to 100% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and (b) from 0 to 9% by weight of acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinyl acetate, maleic anhydride, diisobutylene, an ester of acrylic acid and/or an ester of methacrylic acid, which has a viscosity of from 5 to 100 mPas in 2% strength aqueous solution at 20.degree. C., and drying the impregnated paper. The polymer is generally employed in an amount of from 1 to 4% by weight, based on dry paper, and increases the dry strength of the paper without substantially increasing the wet strength.

Manufacture of paper having a high dry strength and a low wet strength

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Juergen Hartmann