Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation

Foster Wheeler USA Corporation

Foster Wheeler International, Inc.

Juan A Garcia-Mallol

Michael G Alliston

Walter P Gorzegno

Robert L Gamble

Brian T Sinn

A horizontal cyclone separator in which a furnace section and a vortex chamber communicating with the furnace section and having an inlet which extends a fraction of the length of the furnace section receives a mixture of the gaseous products of combustion and solids entrained by the gases. A coaxially disposed tube extends partially into the chamber to allow the separated gases to exit the separator. A ring-shaped solids deflector is disposed on the vertical wall opposite the coaxially disposed tube to prevent solids from bouncing off the rear wall towards the center of the separator and into the path of the separated gas stream. The separated solids fall into an outlet trough formed in a lower portion of the furnace section for returning the solids to the furnace section.

Horizontal cyclone separator for a fluidized bed reactor

An over-fire air control system for a pulverized fuel furnace, in which a burner assembly is provided for discharging a fuel/primary air mixture along with secondary air to combust the fuel. The amount of primary air and secondary air discharge is controlled to achieve incomplete combustion, and an overfire air port is provided through which additional air is discharged to complete the combustion. The overfire air port receives two streams of air, one high in volume and low in velocity and the other low in volume and high in velocity. Dampers are provided for controlling the air streams to achieve optimum quantifies and velocities of the air. According to one embodiment, a source of one of the air streams is the primary air portion of the fuel/primary air mixture applied to the burner assembly. As a result, the formation of nitrous oxides are reduced and fairly precise air fuel ratios can be maintained despite variations in the quality of the fuel and the pressure and amount of primary air.

Over-fire air control system for a pulverized solid fuel furnace

A system and method for preheating a mixture of fuel and air as the mixture is introduced into a furnace combustion chamber comprises passing the mixture through a nozzle extending into an upstream portion of an opening defined in a wall enclosing the combustion chamber. The nozzle is sized so that an annular space is formed between the nozzle and the opening. Hot air is introduced through the annular space and mixes with and preheats, in a downstream portion of the opening, the mixture passing through the nozzle. The preheated mixture then passes into the furnace combustion chamber for combustion therein.

System for preheating fuel

A system and method of operating a pressurized fluidized bed system in which a bed of particulate material is fluidized by distributing air through the bed. A mixture of flue gases and entrained, relatively fine, material from the reactor is passed to a separator and the material is separated from the gases and passed to an external heat exchanger. A portion of the material is cooled in the heat exchanger and it, along with the remaining portion of material, is recycled to the reactor.

Fluidized bed system and method of operating same utilizing an external

A method for reducing gaseous emission of halogen compounds in a fluidized bed reactor in which the fine particles entrained in flue gases are used to form a temporary layer of particles on the baghouse filter to absorb halogen gases.

Method for reducing gaseous emission of halogen compounds in a fluidized

A combined cycle power generation system incorporates a carbonizer and a pressurized fluidized bed reactor for the generation of fuel gas and flue gases, respectively. A combustor is provided for the combustion of the fuel gas in the presence of the flue gases to produce hot gases. The hot gases are passed through a gas turbine where the gases expand and cool while performing work in the generation of electrical power. The exhaust gases from the gas turbine are passed though a heat recovery unit for the production of steam. The exhaust gases are then combined with air and passed to the pressurized fluidized bed reactor to provide excess secondary gas to aid in driving the gas turbine.

Pressurized circulating fluidized bed reactor combined cycle power

A blade damper for use in fluid flow control devices having damper blades mounted on an axle and having extension ears mounted at opposite ends of the damper blades. The extension ears are mounted in a 90 degree relationship to the damper blades and are semi-circular at their boundary to allow for rotation with the damper blades. The extension ears prevent fluid leakage through boundary planes perpendicular to the axle when the damper is open thereby providing near linear side blade opening versus fluid flow characteristics.

Blade damper with extensions to reduce boundary leakage

A fluidized bed reactor in which partitions disposed within a vessel form first and second furnace sections, first and second troughs and a heat exchange section such that the first trough is disposed between the first furnace section and the heat recovery section and the second trough is disposed between the second furnace section and the heat recovery section. A fluidized bed is formed in each of the furnace sections for the combustion of fuel to generate heat and to generate a mixture of combustion gases and entrained particulate solids. The mixtures from the furnace sections are received in first and second horizontal cyclone separators, both formed within the vessel for separating the entrained particulate solids from the combustion gases. Outlets extend from the horizontal cyclones to discharge the separated solids to the first and second troughs, respectively. The troughs are divided into first and second sets of compartments with slanted roofs disposed between the cyclone separators and the second sets of compartments for directing the separated solids into the first sets of compartments. Openings are formed in the partitions for permitting the passage of the separated solids from the first sets of compartments into the heat recovery section, for permitting the passage of the separated solids from the heat recovery section to the second sets of compartments, and for permitting the passage of the separated solids from the second sets of compartments to the first and second furnace sections.

Large scale fluidized bed reactor

Emissions of nitrous oxide (N.sub.2 O) are lowered in a fluidized bed reactor utilizing two-staged combustion. A lower region of the furnace section is operated under substoichiometric conditions so that combustion in the lower region is incomplete, thereby inhibiting formation of N.sub.2 O and nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x). An upper region of the furnace section is operated under oxidizing conditions to promote further combustion. An amount of particulate material is present in the upper region, and this amount of particulate material in the upper region is controlled to maintain a temperature in the upper region for destroying N.sub.2 O formed during combustion. The amount of particulate material present in the upper region may in turn be controlled by controlling the particulate material entrained from the lower region to the upper region. The temperature is also preferably controlled within a range to permit sulfur capture by sorbent particles so that emissions of N.sub.2 O, NO.sub.x, and oxides of sulfur (SO.sub.x) may be simultaneously lowered.

Process for decreasing N.sub.2 O emissions from a fluidized bed reactor

A fluid-cooled jacket formed by a plurality of panels surrounding and cooling the inlet portion of an air-swept distributor, a component of a fluidized bed reactor system. Each panel contains inlet and outlet tubes, inlet and outlet headers, and a heat exchange portion partitioned to direct the fluid flow through the heat exchange portion. The heat dissipated from the reactor is extracted to prevent the temperature of the entire distributor and the fuel from rising, which allows the use of fuels having a lower temperature softening point.

Fluid-cooled jacket for an air-swept distributor

A fluidized bed reactor system and method of operating same, in which a fluidized bed of fine particles is combusted in a reactor forming a mixture of flue gases and relatively fine particles entrained by the flue gases. The mixture is passed to a separator which separates the entrained fine particles from the flue gases. The flue gases are passed to a heat recovery area for the extraction of thermal energy and the separated fine particles are collected in a dipleg seal. A portion of the separated fine particles is passed to the reactor and the remaining portion is discharged to the heat recovery area where the fine particles mix with the flue gases and heat is recovered from the latter mixture.

Fluidized bed reactor system and method of operating same

An aeration rod-out assembly for aerating a flow of solids in a pipe is disclosed comprising an aeration pipe with first and second ends, the first end connected to the pipe containing the flow of solids and a cap connected to the second end. A rod is slidably disposed within the aeration pipe and said cap for axial movement therein between first, second and third positions such that as the rod is moved from its first position to its third position the rod ejects from the aeration pipe solids which settle into the housing. A shaft connected to the rod projects from the cap for actuation of the rod. First and second hoses register with the aeration pipe and the cap respectively to deliver aeration gas to the assembly, which gas discharges through the first end of the aeration pipe to aerate the flow of solids when the rod is in its first position but is substantially blocked from discharging when the rod is in or between its second and third positions.

Aeration rod-out assembly

A fluidized bed reactor in which a heat exchanger is located adjacent the reactor with each enclosing a fluidized bed and sharing a common wall including a plurality of water tubes. A mixture of flue gases and entrained particulate materials from the fluidized bed in the reactor are separated and the separated particulate material is passed to the fluidized bed in the heat exchanger. Coolant is passed in a heat exchange relation with the separated materials in the heat exchanger to remove heat from the materials after which they are passed to the fluidized bed in the reactor. Auxiliary fuel is supplied to the heat exchanger for combustion to control the temperature of the coolant. When the system of the present invention is utilized to generate steam the coolant can be controlled to match the requirements of a steam turbine.

Fluidized bed reactor system and method having a heat exchanger

A fluidized bed system and method utilizing two stage combustion in which solids in the flue gases from the combustion in the fluidized bed are separated and returned to the bed while the clean flue gases are mixed with gases containing oxygen to effect secondary combustion. The fluidized bed is operated at sub-stochiometric conditions and NOx scavengers are supplied to the flue gases.

System and method for two-stage combustion in a fluidized bed reactor

A furnace firing apparatus and method for burning low volatile fuel in which first and second burners are provided to introduce particulate, air-suspended fuel into primary and secondary combustion zones of a combustion chamber. The alignment of the second burner is adjustable and aligned so that the stream of fuel and air introduced by the second burner entrains combustion products produced by the burning of fuel in the primary combustion zone in order to ignite the fuel introduced by the second burner. Secondary air is provided by a pair of plenum chambers to support combustion of the fuel. In an alternate embodiment, an intermediate burner is provided to entrain combustion products from the combustion of fuel introduced by the first burner and whose combustion products are entrained into the fuel introduced by the second burner.

Growing community of inventors

Morristown, NJ, United States of America

Juan A Garcia-Mallol