Budapesti Muszaki Egyetem

Budapesti Muszki Egyetem

Other

Reanal Finomvegyszergyar

Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia

Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia Szerves Kemiai Technologiai Tanszek

Jozsef Petro

Antal Tungler

Tibor Mathe

Erno Pungor

Klara Toth

Zoltan Csuros

Ferenc Rakias

Zoltan Bende

Process for the preparation of supported, non-pyrophoric, skeleton

The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of highly accurate and stable silver-silver salt reference electrode. According to the invention a homogeneous mixture is formed from silver powder and a powdered silver salt, then a paste is prepared by blending the mixture with a liquid binding agent capable of adhering to metals, applying the paste onto the surface of an electrode base, allowing the paste to harden and then subjecting the electrode to a heat treatment between 100.degree. C. and 250.degree. C. In this latter step a porous silver-silver salt layer is formed on the metal base, which renders the electrode highly accurate and stable. Ion selective measuring electrodes are prepared essentially in the same manner with the difference that silver is replaced partly or entirely by graphit.

Process for the preparation of highly accurate and stable electrode

The invention relates to a new process for the selective hydroxymethylation of substituted ortho- or paranitrotoluenes of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in order to prepare nitrophenylalkanols of the general formula (II) ##STR2## In the above formulae the nitro group is attached to the benzene ring in ortho or para position related to the methyl group or the hydroxyalkyl side chain, respectively, X stands for hydrogen, fluorine or an alkyl, alkoxy or nitro group, and n is 1, 2 or 3. According to the process of the invention the starting substance is hydroxymethylated with an excess of formaldehyde at a temperature above room temperature in dimethyl formamide and in the presence of a strong base. The reaction is performed in dimethyl formamide containing 0.1 to 1% by weight of water, and the reaction is directed to the formation of the required end-product by properly adjusting the temperature and the amount of formaldehyde and the base with respect to the starting compound of the general formula (I). In this way the required end-products can be prepared selectively also on an industrial scale.

Process for the selective hydroxymethylation of nitrotoluenes

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of aldehydes by hydrogenating carboxylic chlorides of the general formula RCOCl, wherein R stands for alkyl, isoalkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aromatic, heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic group, the substituents being alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, carboxyl, carbonyl and nitro groups wherein the hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of an alloy catalyst comprising at least one element of the platinum group and at least one element of the groups IB and IIB of the periodic system. The invention renders possible the production of aldehydes in a fair yield and at an adequate selectivity.

Process for the production of aldehydes

The invention relates to a novel method of preparing catalysts containing the oxides and/or oxyhydrates of aluminum, silicon, magnesium or zinc either alone or in combination with each other, or catalysts containing a metal or a metal oxide as active component and an above-identified oxide and/or oxyhydrate or a mixture thereof as support. According to the invention catalysts with excellent activities can be prepared with a simple and economic operation. One proceeds, in accordance with the invention, as follows: powdered metallic aluminum, silicon, magnesium or zinc or a fused mixture thereof, or, when a supported catalyst is to be prepared, a fused mixture also containing one or more catalytically active metals, is admixed with an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, said alkaline agent being used in an amount of 0.01 to 2 times the stoichiometric amount with respect to the aluminum, silicon, magnesium and/or zinc component, this mixture is wetted with water, stirred in solid phase, while the evaporated water is supplemented continuously, the resulting crude product is suspended in water, and the suspension is neutralized and/or washed until neutral.

Process for the preparation of metal oxide catalysts and metal oxide

The invention relates to novel selective hydrogenating catalysts comprising at least one platinum group component and at least one of a group IB or group IIB component. These catalysts are prepared by depositing and reducing an ion, complex or hydroxide of at least one metal belonging to the platinum group together with an ion, complex or hydroxide of at least one metal belonging to either of groups IB and IIB of the Periodic System.

Selective hydrogenating catalysts and a process for the preparation

The invention relates to new Raney-nickel catalysts containing as promoter at least two metals selected from the group consisting of chromium, cobalt, molybdenum and manganese. These novel catalysts are far more active than the conventional Raney-nickel catalysts containing no promoter or containing only a single foreign metal.

Growing community of inventors

Budapest, Hungary

Jozsef Petro