Pacific Biosciences of California, Inc.

Leland Stanford Junior University

Joseph Puglisi

Stephen Wilson Turner

Jonas Korlach

Jeremiah Hanes

Kevin Travers

John Lyle

Jon M Sorenson

Lei Jia

Benjamin A Flusberg

Dale R Webster

Jessica Lee

Cheryl Heiner

Jeffrey Wegener

Patrick Marks

Tyson A Clark

Austin B Tomaney

Igor D Vilfan

Scott C Blanchard

Andrey Kislyuk

Ruben L Gonzalez

Methods, compositions, and systems are provided for characterization of modified nucleic acids. In certain preferred embodiments, single molecule sequencing methods are provided for identification of modified nucleotides within nucleic acid sequences. Modifications detectable by the methods provided herein include chemically modified bases, enzymatically modified bases, abasic sites, non-natural bases, secondary structures, and agents bound to a template nucleic acid.

Methods for identifying nucleic acid modifications

Translationally competent ribosomes are bound to a solid substrate through a specific attachment site. A spatial array of such immobilized ribosomes may be produced on a planar substrate, microbeads, on fiber optics. One or more components of the ribosome complex are preferably labeled, e.g. with a fluorescent dye. Ribosomal RNAs, including mRNA and tRNA; and/or ribosomal proteins may be labeled at specific positions, and arrays of immobilized ribosomes may comprise a panel of different labels and positions of labels. Fluorescence detection can then be used to monitor conformational dynamics and translation rates.

Surface based translation system

Growing community of inventors

Stanford, CA, United States of America

Joseph Puglisi