The Penn State Research Foundation

Other

Genetics Institute, Inc.

Harris Corporation

Joseph P Dougherty

Mary Collins

Clive A Randall

Sei-Joo Jang

Sea-Fue Wang

Kenneth A Jacobs

Thomas R Shrout

Wesley S Hackenberger

Edward F Fritsch

David N AbuJudom, Ii

Eugene L Brown

Mike Newton

Wayne Huebner

Ulagaraj Selvaraj

Marian S Ellwood

Umesh Kumar

John P Witham

Philip M Pruna

Maria Klimkiewicz

Kamau Wa Gachigi

MingFang Song

Else Breval

Beth Jones

Steven Perini

Yi Ton Shi

Kevin M Stengel

Dean Arakaki

A method for making an anisotropic dielectric layer includes the steps of: forming a fluid layer comprising a plurality of magnetizable particles, for example, in a fluid capable of solidifying to fix the configuration of the magnetizable particles in a dielectric matrix; aligning the magnetizable particles of the fluid layer in a predetermined configuration by applying a magnetic field thereto; and fixing the aligned magnetizable particles in the predetermined configuration within the dielectric matrix by solidifying the fluid. In one particularly advantageous application, the fluid layer is coated onto a surface portion of an integrated circuit, such as a fingerprint sensor, to provide mechanical protection without effecting the image resolution. In addition, the step of aligning for certain devices preferably comprises aligning the magnetizable particles in a predetermined configuration so that an impedance perpendicular to the anisotropic dielectric layer is less than an impedance parallel to the anisotropic dielectric layer. The magnetizable particles may be mixed in a curable polymer fluid, and the step of fixing the aligned magnetizable particles may comprise curing the curable polymer fluid, such as by applying heat or radiation.

Method for producing anisotropic dielectric layer and devices including same

Hydrothermal BaTiO,crystallites were coated with Bismuth solutions prepared from Bismuth metal-organics and anhydrous solvents. The Bismuth metal-organics were Bi 2-ethylhexanoate and Bi-neodecanoate. Bismuth oxide was also used as a comparison to the Bismuth solutions. BaTiO,ceramics with either 3.0 wt % equivalent Bismuth oxide or 5.0 wt % equivalent Bismuth oxide were made by sintering the compacts between 700&deg; C. and 1000&deg; C. BaTiO,ceramics that were coated by Bi-neodecanoate densified >90% theoretical as low as 800&deg; C. for 3.0 wt % equivalent Bi,O,. Average grain sizes of 0.2-0.4 &mgr;m were observed for Bi-coated BaTiO,ceramics, for sintering temperatures below 950&deg; C. Dielectric K versus temperature measurements of Bismuth-coated BaTiO,ceramics, sintered in the lower temperature ranges, showed consistently superior dielectric characteristics.

Solution coated hydrothermal BaTiO3 for low-temperature firing

Compositions and methods for selectively linking a polynucleotide through its 5' or 3' end to one or more preselected materials such as insoluble matrices, solid supports, proteins, small molecular or labels are disclosed. Use of these compositions and methods in the production of diagnostic and affinity reagents are also disclosed.

Methods for attachment of a polynucleotide to a preselected material

A method for densifying a dielectric antiferroelectric material includes the steps of adding a compound which includes lithium to the dielectric material to create a mixture thereof. Thereafter, the mixture is heated to a temperature of not greater than about 1100.degree. C. for a predetermined period to densify the mixture. It is preferred that the lithium compound be a lithium salt and that the dielectric material comprise a PLZT composition.

Method for reduction of sinter temperatures of antiferroelectric,

A cardiac defibrillator includes a multilayer capacitor with a plurality of conductive electrodes and interspersed dielectric layers, each dielectric layer composed of constituents which cause it to exhibit an antiferroelectric phase. The constituents of each dielectric layer are such as to cause each layer to exhibit plural ferroelectric phases. The defibrillator includes a charging circuit for applying to the capacitor an electric field across each dielectric layer which causes a transition thereof through the plural ferroelectric phases. PLZT is the preferred dielectric material, at constituent values which cause the material to lie within the antiferroelectric phase and to exhibit plural ferroelectric phases.

Cardiac defibrillator with multi-phase ferroelectric/antiferroelectric

A cardiac defibrillator which incorporates the invention hereof includes a multilayer capacitor with a plurality of conductive electrodes and interspersed dielectric layers, each dielectric layer composed of constituents which cause the dielectric layer to exhibit antiferroelectric characteristics. The defibrillator includes a charging circuit for applying to the capacitor an electric field across each dielectric layer that is at least equal to E.sub.f, where E.sub.f is a field value that enables the dielectric layer to transition to a ferroelectric phase. A preferred dielectric material comprises lead, lanthanum, zirconium and titanium, all at constituent values which cause the resulting ceramic material to lie within the antiferroelectric region.

Cardiac defibrillator with high energy storage antiferroelectric

It has been newly determined that in a reaction of an Ag/Pd metallization with Pb from a lead-based ceramics, a maximum solubility of Pb is observed of approximately 14% (atomic percent). By inclusion of an effective amount of Pb in the Ag/Pd metallization, leaching of Pb from a Pb-based ceramic is either reduced or eliminated. Thus, upon firing, the metallization exhibits an equilibration which prevents Pb from being drawn out of the underlying ceramic. Similarly, Ag/Pd metallization shows a maximum solubility of 16 atomic percent for Bi in Bi-based ceramics. Inclusion of an effective amount of Bi in the metallization prevents a Bi leaching from an underlying ceramic.

Metallization compositions for BI and PB-containing ceramic dielectrics

A diagnostic reagent is disclosed which is capable of binding to a target nucleotide sequence which is bound to a labeled polynucleotide in a target binding region which is at least partially co-extensive with the target binding region in the probe polynucleotide which is capable of binding to the target nucleotide sequence. A method is disclosed in which the reagent is contacted with a sample and with a capturing polynucleotide under conditions such that target nucleotide which may be present in the sample binds to the probe polynucleotide and displaces labeled polynucleotide from the reagent complex, and the capturing polynucleotide binds selectively to the displaced labeled polynucleotide in the region of the labeled polynucleotide that had been bound to the probe polynucleotide. Determination of the displaced nucleotide gives a value which is a function of the presence and concentration of target nucleotide in the sample.

Method and kit involving displacement and rehybridization of labeled

A method for determining the presence and amount of a predetermined target nucleotide sequence in a biological sample is provided. The method employs a reagent complex which consists of a labeled probe polynucleotide having a target binding region and a second polynucleotide bound to the labeled probe in a second polynucleotide binding region thereof. The second binding region is at least partially coextensive with the target binding region. This reagent complex is contacted with a sample under conditions in which the target sequence binds to the labeled probe, displacing the second polynucleotide. Labeled probe/target hybrids are separated from intact reagent complexes and the presence and amount of these hybrids are determined.

Displacement polynucleotide method and reagent complex employing labeled

A piezoelectric fluid pumping apparatus includes pumping means for supplying a fluid under pressure and an energizer arranged in driving relationship therewith. The energizer includes a generally planar flexure member having first and second piezoelectric laminates supported thereon. The flexure member includes a first edge and a second edge, the edges being resiliently constrained for substantially preventing longitudinal movement thereof when an electrical signal is applied to the laminates. Preferred embodiments of the flexure member include bimorphous, biunimorphous and quadrimorphous piezoelectric structures.

Piezoelectric fluid pumping apparatus

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State College, PA, United States of America

Joseph P Dougherty