United States of America As Represented by the Secretary of the Air Force

University of Michigan

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Other

Hybrid Plastics, Inc.

Joseph M Mabry

Andrew J Guenthner

Timothy S Haddad

Sean M Ramirez

Gregory R Yandek

Anish Tuteja

Jeffrey R Alston

Peter H Boyd

Arun Kumar Kota

Gibum Kwon

Vandana Vij

Timothy W Rost

Robert E Cohen

Gareth H McKinley

Raymond Campos

Joseph D Lichtenhan

Joseph J Schwab

Adam J Meuler

Josiah T Reams

Kevin Lamison

Brian M Moore

Mark Allan Lamontia

Rusty Lew Blanski

Sukhendu B Hait

Mark B Gruber

Kevin Golovin

Patrick N Ruth

Marc Perlin

Rene I Gonzalez

Mathew Boban

Brent D Viers

Steven Ceccio

Wonjae Choi

Christopher Sahagun

Sarah Anne Mazzella

James W Gose

Darrell Marchant

A method of forming a hydrophobic and oleophobic surface. The method including spin coating an F-POSS with 3,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2,2,-pentafluoropropane/1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane onto an inert surface. The F-POSS has a structure:  Each Rrepresents a nonreactive, fluorinated organic group, Rrepresents a first monovalent organic group comprising at least two carbon atoms, and Rrepresents hydrogen or a second monovalent organic group comprising at least two carbon atoms. The F-POSS with 3,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2,2,-pentafluoropropane/1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane are then dried on the inert surface.

Synthesis of functional fluorinated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane ('F-POSS')

Durable superhydrophobic components have a superhydrophobic material disposed (e.g., disposed) thereon that exhibits an apparent advancing dynamic contact angle of &#x2265;about 150&#xb0; and a roll-off angle of about &#x2264;15&#xb0; for water after at least 100 abrasion cycles. The superhydrophobic material may comprise a low surface energy material and a polymeric material. The superhydrophobic material may be self-healing and capable of recovering its wettability after damage. In yet other aspects, a component comprises a surface that is superhydrophobic and reduces drag in turbulent flow conditions. The surface has an apparent advancing dynamic contact angle of &#x2265;about 150&#xb0; and a roll-off angle of &#x2264;about 15&#xb0; for water, and a product of dimensionless roughness (k) and a higher-pressure contact angle hysteresis of less than or equal to about 5.8. Methods of making such materials are also provided.

Durable superhydrophobic surfaces

In some aspects, the present invention relates generally to self-release compositions and methods useful for the removal or prevention of mineral scaling and, more particularly, to surface coatings and surface treatments that resist, prevent, or aid in removal of mineral scaling. In some aspects, the self-release coating includes a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and a thermoplastic or an additive.

Surface coatings, treatments, and methods for removal of mineral scale by self-release

In various aspects, methods and apparatuses for liquid-liquid extraction are provided. In certain aspects, an emulsion can be formed by combining a feed stream, an extractant, and a surfactant. The feed stream comprises a plurality of distinct components including a first component to be removed therefrom. The feed stream may be selected from a group consisting of: a hydrocarbon feed stream and an azeotrope. Then, a portion of the first component is extracted from the feed stream (or emulsion) by contact with a superoleophobic and hygroscopic membrane filter that facilitates passage of the first component and extractant through the superoleophobic and hygroscopic membrane filter. A purified product is collected having the portion of the first component removed. Such methods are particularly useful for refining fuels and oils and separating azeotropes and other miscible component systems. Energy-efficient, continuous single unit operation apparatuses for conducting such separation techniques are also provided.

Apparatuses and methods for energy efficient separations including refining of fuel products

A surface can be coated with a liquid repellent coating. Materials for making the liquid repellent coating (e.g., a fingerprint resistant coating) can be selected on the basis of surface energy considerations, such as a receding surface energy. The materials can include a polymer and a liquid repelling material, for example, poly(ethyl methacrylate) and a fluorinated silsesquioxane such as fluorodecyl POSS.

Liquid repellent surfaces

A method of making natural polymer (nano)particles, comprises two immiscible phases and a surface active agent, wherein one phase includes a natural polymer source and ionic liquid; stirring the combined phases with surfactant to form a microemulsion; adjusting the ratios of ionic liquid, surfactant, and immiscible phase to determine a particular size of natural polymer nanoparticles; stirring antisolvent into the emulsion; diluting the emulsion; and washing and drying precipitated polymer (nano)particles from the emulsion. The immiscible phase comprises at least one of immiscible solvent, oil, or immiscible ionic liquid. The ionic liquid phase includes natural polymer dissolved in ionic solvent. The antisolvent is water, other protic solvent or additive. The emulsion is diluted with, more immiscible phase, 1-butanol, or a mutually miscible solvent, or oil. The emulsion is diluted with an excess of the volume of the emulsion. The precipitated polymer (nano)particles are washed (sequentially) with 1-butanol and water.

Natural polymer nanoparticles from ionic liquid emulsions

The present disclosure provides a porous material having a surface that is concurrently both superhydrophilic (having a first apparent advancing dynamic contact angle of less than or equal to about 5&#xb0; for water) and oleophobic (having a second apparent advancing dynamic contact angle of greater than or equal to about 90&#xb0;) or superoleophobic (a second apparent advancing dynamic contact angle of greater than or equal to about 150&#xb0; for oil). Such materials can be used in a separator device to separate a liquid-liquid mixture of immiscible components (e.g., oil and water) or miscible components (e.g., alcohols). Separation apparatus incorporating such materials and methods of making and using these materials are also provided.

Superhydrophilic and oleophobic porous materials and methods for making and using the same

An article can have a surface with selected wetting properties for various liquids.

Tunable surface

A method of manufacturing a fluorinated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. The method for manufacture includes opening a single edge of a closed-cage F-POSS and bridging the opened, single edge with a sulfate group. The sulfate group is converted to a disilanol, which is then reacted with a functional dichlorosilane having an organic functional group comprising at least three carbon atoms.

Treated, mesoporous aggregates comprising a plurality of coated particles that comprise an inorganic oxide core having a surface area of about 50 to about 500 square meters per gram and a shell or coating consisting of an array of fluoroalkyl molecular chains covalently bonded to the core at a density of at least one chain per square nanometer. The aggregates are formed by the chemical attachment of fluoroalkyl-alkylsilanes after exposure to an alkylamine and followed by an extraction to remove any unbound organic material. The dense packing of molecular chains in the fluoroalkyl shell combined with a mesoporous structure imparts a very low surface energy, a very high specific surface area, and surface texture over a wide range of length scales. Such features are highly desirable for the creation of, for example, superhydrophobic and superoleophobic surfaces, separation media, and release films.

Fluoroalkylsilanated mesoporous metal oxide particles and methods of preparation thereof

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Lancaster, CA, United States of America

Joseph M Mabry