Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company

3m Innovative Properties Company

Joseph Graham

Christopher L Gross

Billy L George

Timothy J Gennrich

James A Laird

William W Stevenson

Margaret M Nauman

James R Lodge, Deceased

Gary D Fritze

Ehrich J Braunschweig

Provides a non-white construction surface comprising a substrate, a first reflective coating on at least a portion of an outer surface of the substrate, the coated substrate exhibiting a minimum direct solar reflectance value of at least about 25%, and a second reflective coating on at least a portion of the first reflective coating, wherein the combination of the first reflective coating and the second reflective coating provide the substrate with a CIELAB L* lightness value of less than about 69, and at least one of (i) a reflectivity of at least about 20% at substantially all points in the wavelength range between 770 and 2500 nm; and (ii) a summed reflectance value of at least 7000 as measured in the range between 770 and 2500 nm inclusive. Also provided are various substrates having the coatings described as well as methods of providing the described construction surfaces.

Non-white construction surface

Provides a non-white construction surface comprising a substrate, a first reflective coating on at least a portion of an outer surface of the substrate, the coated substrate exhibiting a minimum direct solar reflectance value of at least about 25%, and a second reflective coating on at least a portion of the first reflective coating, wherein the combination of the first reflective coating and the second reflective coating provide the substrate with at least one of (i) a reflectivity of at least about 20% at substantially all points in the wavelength range between 770 and 2500 nm, and (ii) a summed reflectance value of at least 7000 as measured in the range between 770 and 2500 nm inclusive. Also provided are various substrates having the coatings described as well as methods of providing the described construction surfaces.

A granular material which includes an inorganic substrate has a ceramic coating which substantially reduces dust generation during processing of the granular material. The ceramic coating comprises the reaction product of an alkali metal silicate and an aluminosilicate, the ceramic coating further including a magnesium complex and an alkali metal chloride. The magnesium complex and alkali metal chloride are dispersed within the coating. It has been found that the use of magnesium chloride alone eliminates the use of oil in preventing dusting of the resultant granule material. Methods of producing such ceramic-coated granular materials are also disclosed, as well as methods of reducing dust generation using magnesium chloride.

Granular materials including a ceramic coating which reduces dusting,

Roofing granules having surfaces treated with an oil and an elastomeric rubber. The elastomeric rubber can be an organic block copolymer having elastomeric and nonelastomeric repeating units. The oil and rubber are applied to the roofing granules' surfaces as a thin film. The thin film of oil and rubber impedes granule staining from oils in asphalt roofing materials, and reduces dust formation during granule handling. Also disclosed is a roofing shingle and a process for making the roofing granule composition.

Oil and rubber treated roofing granules

A cylindrical ceramic foam body that can be the sole buoyant member of an oil-containment boom is produced by firing a mixture of fine particles of ceramic precursor, a source of carbon such as silicon carbide, and a metallic oxide. In the boom, a stack of the ceramic foam bodies, each of which is a cylinder, can be held together by wire mesh to provide a buoyant log. A plurality of the buoyant logs can be inserted end-to-end into a 3-layer loop, viz., an inner layer of a ceramic textile fabric, a middle layer of knitted wire mesh, and an outer layer of polymer-coated fabric.

Ceramic foam body having closed cell structure

Use of surface modification treatment on mineral fines to obtain higher filler loadings in asphalt used for roofing shingles. Mineral fines are coated with oil such as a petroleum oil at about the 0.25-1.0 percent level before they are incorporated into molten asphalt. This treatment makes minerals which otherwise would be uncompetitive with traditional fillers, such as limestone, sufficiently compatible with asphalt to be a viable alternative to limestone. Nepheline syenite mineral fines treated in this manner have been successfully incorporated into asphalt for shingles at a loading of 65-70%.

Oil treated mineral filler for asphalt

Smoking articles, such as cigarettes and little cigars, having self-extinguishing properties when laid on a flat surface yet will not extinguish when held in the hand or placed in an ashtray, are disclosed. The tobacco filler composition of the smoking articles is modified by the addition thereto of a moisture stable alkali metal silicate, the preferred moisture stable alkali metal silicate being borate stabilized sodium silicate.

Smoking articles

A fire retardant, intumescent composition is provided which comprises a mixture of alkali metal silicate, represented by the formula M.sub.2 O:xSiO.sub.2 in which M is the alkali metal; an oxy boron compound selected from boric acid or salts of Group I and II elements; and water; in which the weight ratio x ranges from about 1.5 to about 4, the molar ratio of boron to M is between 0.2 and 0.9, and the water comprises about 5 to 15 weight percent of the total composition. These compositions are made by mixing an alkali metal silicate sol with a borate (e.g., boric acid) to form a gel which is dried in an oven. The resulting residue is crumbled to granules. A fire retardant which is relatively insoluble and has improved stability to long term exposure to water and humidity is formed. Various parameters (e.g., the weight ratio x, the amount of water present, and the ratio of boron to sodium) can be adjusted to control the amount of intumescence retained after exposure to water and also to control the temperature of intumescence. Granules made of these compositions have many applications, including incorporation into asphalt roofing materials.

Intumescent silicates having improved stability

Asphaltic materials (e.g., asphalt, bitumen, or pitch) are increased in flame-resistance and improved in other useful properties by use of a latent catalyst mixture which reacts upon heating to catalyze oxidation of the asphaltic material. The catalyst comprises halogenated organic compound which decomposes and releases halogen upon heating and an iron-containing compound adapted to react with the released halogen to form iron halide.

Flame resistant ashaltic compositions

Fire- and heat-resistant sheet material comprises fibrous webs adhered together with asphalt which is filled with inorganic particles, intumescable granules, and a catalyst which catalyzes charring of the asphalt.

Heat- and flame-resistant sheet material

Fire-retardant granules comprise (1) core particles of hydrated soluble silicate glass that intumesces in the presence of heat, and (2) a solid coating around the core particles that comprises a mixture of (a) halogenated organic compound that releases halogen when heated to a temperature less than about 250.degree. C.; and (b) an iron-containing compound adapted to react with said released halogen to form iron halide. The combined intumescence of the core particle and the catalytic effect of the coating on the particle achieves a unique fire-retarding action, especially in asphalt products such as asphalt shingles, but also in a range of other products.

Intumescable fire-retardant products

Asphalt roofing material is made fire-retardant by inclusion of a layer of intumescable hydrated soluble silicate particles. Preferred soluble silicate particles carry a protective moisture-resistant coating which increases the life of the roofing material, and also makes possible convenient manufacture of the particles. The protective coating includes a metal cation capable of reacting with the silicate ion of the core particle to form a reaction product that is less soluble than the core particle. The reaction is believed to seal any openings in the protective coating, thereby lengthening the effective life of the coating. Besides utility in roofing materials, the coated particles are useful as fire-retardant additives in many other products, including polymeric articles, sheet materials, coating compositions, etc.

Curable compositions comprising phenolic resin, polyisocyanate, catalyst, and petroleum oil. The phenolic resin is soluble in the petroleum oil, but during reaction of the ingredients the petroleum oil separates as a uniform dispersion of minute droplets entrapped within the reaction product. The compositions are insensitive to the presence of water and produce dimensionally stable cured products, making them especially useful as wood-patching compositions.

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Plymouth, MN, United States of America

Joseph Graham