The United States of America As Represented by the Secretary of

Stepan Chemical Company

Joseph E Lohr, Jr

Terry A Isbell

Thomas P Abbott

Svajus Asadauskas

Esters of estolides derived from oleic acids are characterized by superior properties for use as lubricant base stocks. These estolides may also be used as lubricants without the need for fortifying additives normally required to improve the lubricating properties of base stocks.

Biodegradable oleic estolide ester base stocks and lubricants

Apparatus and processes are provided for evaluating on a miniature scale the sprayability behavior of a specific sprayable aqueous composition. The data acquired through the utilization of such apparatus and processes enables one to predict the behavior of such a composition when used in selected full scale spray equipment. Such a composition is testable for mixability with water, for sprayability when so mixed, and for sprayable composition homogeneity. Correlation between evaluation apparatus nozzle size and full scale spray equipment nozzle size is achievable, so that a given such composition can be reformulated if desirable based upon results obtained from such tests.

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Hoffman Estates, IL, United States of America

Joseph E Lohr, Jr