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The Standard Oil Company

Standard Oil Company (indiana)

Joseph D Fox

George E Kuhlmann

Ricky L Wittman

John G Hundley

A thermal process for the decarboxylation and dehydration of aromatic acid residue to convert such residue to grindable form and recover the solvent of reaction therefrom.

Thermal process for the liquefaction of aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation

This invention relates to the preparation of the subject aqueous solution from a non-bromine manganous salt. More specifically this invention pertains to a critical order of dissolving such salt and elemental bromine and to the use of an anti-oxidant for the manganous ion to prevent its conversion to hydrated manganous dioxide: MnO(OH).sub.2. According to 'A Comprehensive Treatise On Inorganic And Theoretical Chemistry', J. W. Mellor, Vol. XII at pages 189 and 259 (published by Longmans, Green and Co., 1947) hydrated manganous dioxide results from the oxidation of a solution of manganous salt with chlorine, bromine, hypochlorous acid, hydrogen peroxide, etc. Such oxidation of a solution of manganous acetate was specifically mentioned. Such hydrated manganous dioxide is described as a white solid product which upon standing in contact with air becomes a dark brown to black product identified as MnO.sub.2. The same reference at page 381 reports the preparation of manganous bromide by reaction of bromine with a solution of manganous oxide. We have found that the addition of bromine gas or liquid to a stirred aqueous solution containing manganous ions from a source other than manganous bromide caused the formation of a precipitate which contains the previously dissolved manganese component. The same precipitate formed upon addition of manganous acetate tetrahydrate to a stirred aqueous solution of elemental bromine.

Preparation of an aqueous solution containing ions of at least manganous

The application discloses a writing instrument adapted to be worn on a forefinger, thereby allowing the user of the instrument to pursue his normal activities without interruptions necessitated by picking up and setting down a writing instrument each time it is needed. Accordingly, the writing instrument of the present invention includes a holder adapted to fit on the end of a finger and having interior constriction rings enabling the holder to firmly grip normal variations in the forefinger of either an adult male, an adult female or a child. A substantially conically shaped writing means is firmly affixed to the holder and may be characterized by either an ink or crayon writing capability. In the ink embodiment, the writing means includes a conically shaped ink reservoir having an appropriate writing tip engaging the apex thereof and an air-vented capillary tube to insure uniform ink flow.

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Joliet, IL, United States of America

Joseph D Fox