National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC

Joseph Carlson

Nicholas Richard Myllenbeck

Patrick L Feng

Ryan Wesley Davis

Eric Monroe

Peter Marleau

Huu Tran

Lucas Nguyen

Melinda Sweany

Anthe George

Timothy Briggs

Brian T Werner

A radiation detector includes a photodetector and a scintillator coupled thereto. The scintillator is formed of a scintillator material comprising an organic glass scintillator (OGS) material and at least one of a polymer additive or a plasticizer additive. The scintillator emits light when radiation is received at the scintillator, and the light is received by the photodetector. The radiation detector can further include a frame that has an interior cavity that holds the scintillator in position with respect to the photodetector, such that the light emitted by the scintillator is transmitted to the photodetector. The scintillator can be formed by casting amorphous scintillator material in the interior cavity of the frame. The frame can then be coupled to the photodetector to form the radiation detector.

Scintillator array for radiation detection

A fuel for an internal combustion engine includes a Cto Cdialkoxyalkanoate corresponding to formula (I): wherein the Rgroup is —H or a —CHgroup, the Rand R' groups are alkyl groups independently selected to have 1 to 9 carbon atoms; and the Rgroup is selected to have 1 to 9 carbon atoms. The compounds described herein may be used as neat fuels or mixed fuels (with diesel, biodiesel, jet fuel, marine fuel or other fuel compounds) in autoignition or spark ignition engines, such as diesel engines, gasoline (spark ignition) engines, MCCI, Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines, or more generally in Low-Temperature Gasoline Combustion (LTGC) engines (using gasoline-like fuels), that have the high-efficiency advantages of HCCI but can operate with some level of charge inhomogeneities. Methods of making these compounds are environmentally friendly and can be done in a continuous manner.

Alkyl dialkoxyalkanoates as bioderived, high cetane diesel fuels

A chemical upgrading of two high-yield fermentation products to produce a novel biofuel with properties desirable for use in internal combustion engines produces a Cto Calkoxyalkanoate corresponding to formula (I):

Coupling high yield biochemical intermediates for fuel production

A plastic scintillator includes a polymeric matrix comprising a primary fluorophore capable of forming an amorphous glass in its pure form. The primary fluorophore is also capable of generating luminescence in the presence of ionizing radiation and includes: a central species including silicon; a luminescent organic group bonded to the central species or to an optional organic linker group, the luminescent organic group including fluorene or an analog thereof; and the optional organic linker group, if present, is bonded to the central species and the luminescent organic group.

High luminescence plastic scintillators

A fuel for an internal combustion engine includes a Cto Cdialkoxyalkanoate corresponding to formula (I): 

A fuel mixture includes a fuel and an octane overboosting additive. Methods of preparing and using such mixtures are disclosed. In particular, the mixture includes an additive that provides octane boosting that produces peak octane at or before a 40% blend and produces at least a 1 octane boost at 10% volume of additive to fuel mixture.

Compounds that induce octane overboosting

A fuel for an internal combustion engine includes a fatty alkyl ether having a formula corresponding to formula (II): wherein x is 1-8, and y is 0 to 3; and the alkyl is an alkyl group having a number of carbon atoms that is less than the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain on the opposite side of the oxygen atom. The fatty alky ether can be used as a neat fuel or blend with biodiesel, diesel, ethanol or other fuels. The fatty alkyl ethers are improved in cetane number and cold flow properties over a biodiesel with fatty acid methyl acid methyl ester compounds. This is particularly valuable for compression ignition engines. A method of combustion in several types of engines is also disclosed.

Fatty acid derived alkyl ether fuels for compression ignition

A laminate comprising a first ply, a second ply, and a plurality of interfacial modifiers arranged between opposing faces of the first ply and the second ply. A chemical composition of an interfacial modifier of the plurality of interfacial modifiers can be selected based on a resulting bond strength between the interfacial modifier of the plurality of interfacial modifiers and at least one of the first ply or the second ply. The plurality of interfacial modifiers can be arranged in a pattern to selectively modify toughness of a portion of the laminate based on the bond strength of the interfacial modifier of the plurality of interfacial modifiers.

Selective modifiers for composite material property enhancement

A mixed compound glass scintillator includes a first compound and a second compound. The first compound has a Tg greater than 25&#xb0; C., is organic, is capable of generating luminescence in the presence of ionizing radiation. The first compound includes a central species and a luminescent organic group bonded to the central species or to an optional organic linker group. The central species is selected from the group consisting of: carbon, silicon, and tin. The optional organic linker group, if present, is bonded to the central species and the luminescent organic group. The second compound also has a Tg greater than 25&#xb0; C. The first and second compound are mixed and melted to form a glass material.

Mixed compound organic glass scintillators

A new family of neutron/gamma discriminating scintillators is disclosed that comprises stable organic glasses that may be melt-cast into transparent monoliths. These materials have been shown to provide light yields greater than solution-grown trans-stilbene crystals and efficient PSD capabilities when combined with 0.01 to 0.05% by weight of the total composition of a wavelength-shifting fluorophore. Photoluminescence measurements reveal fluorescence quantum yields that are 2 to 5 times greater than conventional plastic or liquid scintillator matrices, which accounts for the superior light yield of these glasses. The unique combination of high scintillation light-yields, efficient neutron/gamma PSD, and straightforward scale-up via melt-casting distinguishes the developed organic glasses from existing scintillators.

Growing community of inventors

Castro Valley, CA, United States of America

Joseph Carlson