The University of Texas System

Joselito Razal

Gordon George Wallace

Mario Romero-Ortega

Parisa Lotfi

Swarupnarayan Dash

Benjamin R Johnston

Ray H Baughman

Alan G MacDiarmid

Mikhail E Kozlov

John Patrick Ferraris

Jiyoung Oh

Daniel James Seyer

Von Howard Ebron

Zhiwei Yang

Gordon Wallace

Hui Xie

Robin B McConnell, Legal Representative

Gayle P Gentile, Legal Representative

William Alexander Macaulay

Mario I Romero-Ortega

In one aspect, apparatuses for providing chemical gradients are described herein. In some embodiments, an apparatus described herein comprises a conduit having a first end and a second end, one or more microchannels disposed in the conduit and extending from the first end toward the second end, and a fiber coiled around the exterior of at least one microchannel, wherein the fiber comprises an active agent that is operable to diffuse into the interior of the microchannel.

Chemical gradients

Fuel-powered actuators are described wherein actuation is a consequence of electrochemical processes, chemical processes, or combinations thereof. These fuel-powered actuators include artificial muscles and actuators in which actuation is non-mechanical. The actuators range from large actuators to microscopic and nanoscale devices.

Fuel-powered actuators and methods of using same

Growing community of inventors

Wollongong, Australia

Joselito Razal