Huels Aktiengesellschaft

Degussa Aktiengesellschaft

Huls Aktiengesellschaft

Josef Metz

Clemens Osterholt

Guenther Koehler

Manfred Kaufhold

Marcel Feld

Klaus-Dieter Steffen

Christoph Theis

Udo Jegelka

Andreas Harthun

André Noppe

Juergen Lange

An alkali metal alkoxide or alkaline earth metal alkoxide in granular form.

Granular akali metal alkoxides and alkaline earth metal alkoxides

The invention relates to a process for the C-alkylation of dialkyl malonates, in which a dialkyl malonate is reacted with an alkyl halide in the presence of potassium carbonate as a hydrogen halide acceptor in an inert solvent, and a phase-transfer catalyst is not added until from 50 to 80% of the dialkyl malonate has reacted. The phase-transfer catalyst may be, for example, a tetraalkylammonium salt or a tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, a tetraalkylphosphonium salt or a tetraalkylphosphonium hydroxide or a crown ether.

Process for the C-alkylation of malonic esters using phase-transfer agents

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a macrocyclic ester of the general formula: in which m is an integer from 6 to 14 and n is an integer from 2 to 12.

Process for the preparation of macrocyclic esters

A process for the preparation of cyclic esters of the general formula: ##STR1## in which m is an integer from 6-14 and n is an integer from 2-6, which comprises heating a dicarboxylic acid bis(glycol) ester of the general formula:

Process for the preparation of cyclic esters

A process for purifying at least 90% pure n-butyl chloride which is present in a mixture with other C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl chlorides, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alcohols, esters, ketones, nitrites, and organic sulfur compounds. In this process the mixture is first distilled, with high-boilers being separated off, and then washed in a plurality of stages with water and with dilute alkali metal hydroxide solution, and, optionally, an aqueous solution of H.sub.2 O.sub.2. In this manner, even a typical impurities may be separated off and a &gt;99% pure product may be obtained.

Process for purifying n-butyl chloride

In the continuous preparation of alkyl halides from branched olefins and hydrohalic acids, the reaction is carried out without the addition of catalysts and without solvents. With a high olefin conversion, alkyl halides are obtained with high selectivity and with very good color quality.

Process for the preparation of alkyl halides

A process is provided for preparing diesters of higher .alpha.,.omega.-dicarboxylic acids from cycloaliphatic ketones and carbonic diesters in the presence of a strongly basic agent, which involves continuously feeding a cycloaliphatic ketone having 8 to 20 ring members, at least an equimolar amount of a carbonic diester and a catalytic amount of a strongly basic agent to a reaction zone in which condensation occurs between the cycloaliphatic ketone and the carbonic diester to give the corresponding cyclic .beta.-keto acid ester enolate, which is then ring-opened by the released alcohol to give the .alpha.,.omega.-dicarboxylic diester and from which reaction mixture is continuously taken off.

Process for preparing diesters of higher .alpha.,.omega.-dicarboxylic

In the preparation of alkyl halides from cycloaliphatic olefins and hydrohalic acids, the reaction is carried out at a temperature below the boiling point of the olefin without the addition of catalyst and without a solvent. At a high olefin conversion rate, alkyl halides are obtained with high selectivity and with very good color quality.

Process for preparing alkyl halides

The preparation of long-chain alkyl chlorides from alcohols and hydrogen chloride is improved by carrying out the reaction at a temperature below the boiling point of the alkyl chloride, and distilling off the resulting alkyl chloride by feeding in additional hydrochloric acid.

Process for preparing alkyl chlorides

Process for the preparation of macrocyclic compounds by condensation of at least difunctional compounds and subsequent thermal depolymerization in the presence of catalysts, wherein thermal depolarization is carried out in solvent of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent identical or different aliphatic C.sub.1-6 hydrocarbon radicals with or without functional groups and having number average molecular weights (Mn) from 500 to 3,000, from which the value of n inevitably follows, at a pressure of less than 50 hPa and at a temperature of 200 to 300.degree. C., 5 to 1,000 parts by weight of solvent being used per part by weight of macrocyclic compound.

Process for the continuous preparation of macrocyclic compounds

Ketals of longer-chain or branched alcohols are prepared from dimethyl ketals or their ketones by reaction of the dimethyl ketals and the alcohols at high temperatures of 150.degree. to 180.degree. C. in the presence of acid catalysts. The enol ethers and mixed ketals which are separated by distillation are added to the next reaction batch and also react to form the target product. The starting material, dimethyl ketal, may also be formed during the reaction from the ketone and trimethyl orthoformate.

Process for the preparation of ketals

A method of manufacturing chlorine-free cyclopropanecarboxylic acid methyl ester is described wherein a first portion of alkali methoxide is added to a high-boiling solvent, followed by a second portion of methoxide with an equimolar portion of 4-chlorobutyric acid. The ester product can be readily hydrogenated catalytically to the corresponding carbinol.

Method of manufacturing chlorine-free cyclopropanecarboxylic acid methyl

An improvement in a process for the industrial application of the Knoevenagel synthesis in an acid solution, resulting in a steady flow of waste gas.

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Marl, Germany

Josef Metz