Nxp B.v.

Knowles Electronics Asia Pte. Ltd.

Grabner Instruments Messtechnik Gmbh

Josef Lutz

Susanne Windischberger

Helmut Wasinger

Ewald Frasl

Stefan Leitner

Gerd Glanznig

Johannes Wiesböck

In a method for creating a spark across a spark gap, in particular for igniting a flammable liquid to measure its flash point, by means of a spark generator which comprises an ignition transformer, wherein the spark generator, on the primary side of the ignition transformer, comprises at least one DC voltage source and, on the secondary side of the ignition transformer, comprises two electrodes delimiting the spark gap to be formed, wherein voltage pulses from the DC voltage source are applied to the ignition transformer on the primary side thereof, which voltage pulses generate ignition voltage pulses on the secondary side, the ignition transformer is operated in a first phase according to the flyback converter principle and in a subsequent, second phase according to the forward converter principle.

Method for creating a spark across a spark gap

In a device for controlling the temperature of a test sample in a measuring device for measuring material properties of the test sample, comprising a measuring cell for receiving the test sample, at least one temperature controlling element, and a thermal storage element coupled to the temperature controlling element to transfer heat, wherein means are provided for changing the thermal resistance between the thermal storage element and the measuring cell in order to selectively couple or decouple the thermal storage element and the measuring cell in terms of heat transfer, the ratio of the thermal capacity of the thermal storage element to the thermal capacity of the measuring cell is greater than 1:1, preferably at least 2:1, preferably at least 5:1.

Device for controlling the temperature of a test sample

In a method for measuring the vapor pressure of liquid and solid substances, in which a sample of the substance is arranged in a variable volume of a measuring cell, the measuring cell is gas-tightly closed. The volume of the measuring cell is increased until reaching a measuring volume, and at least one first value of the gas pressure prevailing after the increase in volume is measured. The volume of the measuring cell is additionally reduced until reaching the measuring volume, and at least one second value of the gas pressure prevailing after the reduction of the volume is measured. The vapor pressure is calculated from the at least one first and at least one second measured values.

Method for measuring the vapor pressure of liquid and solid substances

In a method for determining the low-temperature properties of a paraffin-containing fuel, the fuel is conducted from a storage chamber through a measuring cell provided with a sieve, the measuring cell is cooled by means of a cooling device, the temperature of the fuel in the measuring cell is measured, and a fluid pressure representing the flow resistance occurring on the sieve is measured, and the temperature occurring at a defined fluid pressure set point is determined and output as a result of the method, wherein, for the pressure measurement, a defined sample amount of the fuel is abruptly delivered from the storage chamber in order to obtain a pressure pulse.

Method and device for determining low temperature properties

A moving system () for a piezoelectric speaker () may include a membrane () and a piezoelectric layer () attached thereto, wherein a movement of the moving system () in a main direction (MD) is substantially caused by dilatation/contraction of the piezoelectric layer () transverse to the main direction (MD). To provide an advantageous frequency response of the moving system (), it is built up asymmetrically with respect to the moving characteristics. Accordingly, the modes are frequency shifted on the one hand and of less influence on the other. Hence, the frequency response of an inventive speaker () has less elevations and depressions in the frequency response. In a preferred embodiment the local compliance and/or the shape of the moving system () is asymmetric with respect to any point in the plane of the moving system ().

Asymmetrical moving systems for a piezoelectric speaker and asymmetrical speaker

An electro-acoustic transducer () is disclosed, comprising a substrate () that comprises conducting paths (), a cover () attached to said substrate () thus forming an inner chamber (A) and a space (B) outside said chamber (A), wherein said cover () comprises one or more ports (). A MEMS sensor () of said transducer () has at least one hole () extending from a first side (C) to a second side (D). A membrane () is arranged in said hole () transverse to the hole axis (E) thus forming a first hole space (a) and a second hole space (b). The sensor () furthermore has electrical connectors () designed to carry electrical signals representing sound acting on said membrane (), which connectors () are connected to said conducting paths (). According to the invention, said MEMS sensor () is arranged inside said chamber (A) in such a way that said second hole space (b) is connected to said outside space (B) via said port or ports () and said first hole space (a) is connected to said inner chamber (A).

Electro-acoustic transducer comprising a MEMS sensor

An electronic circuit () for controlling a capacitive pressure sensor (), which capacitive pressure sensor () comprises a plate electrode capacitor (C) with a capacity that varies in dependence on pressure changes exerted on a deflectable diaphragm () forming one plate electrode of the capacitor (C), wherein the electronic circuit () comprises a DC voltage source () being adapted to generate a DC bias-voltage (UDC) to be applied across the electrodes of the capacitor (C), an AC voltage source () being adapted to generate an AC voltage signal (UAC) to be applied across the electrodes of the capacitor (C) and a controller () being adapted to receive an output signal (OUT) of the capacitor (C) and to control the DC voltage source () such that the DC bias-voltage (UDC) applied to the capacitor (C) adopts a value that maintains the capacity of the capacitor (C) at a desired value.

Electronic circuit for controlling a capacitive pressure sensor and capacitive pressure sensor system

A method of determining the harmonic and anharmonic portions of a response signal (RS) of a device (), e.g. an electro-acoustic or electric device, comprises the steps of supplying an input signal (IS) to the device () causing the device () to respond with a response signal (RS), wherein the input signal (IS) is a sinusoidal signal having a continuously increasing or decreasing frequency (f), capturing the response signal (RS), transforming the captured response signal (RS) from the time space into the phase space and analyzing the phase space transformed response signal (TRS) in respect of its harmonic and/or anharmonic portions or establishing reference functions when defining the input signal (IS) and analyzing the response signal (RS) by Fourier transformations carried out by numerical integrations of the reference functions.

Method of determining the harmonic and anharmonic portions of a response signal of a device

A compound membrane () for an acoustic device (), the compound membrane () comprising a first layer () and a second layer (), wherein a value of Young's modulus of the second layer () does not vary more than essentially 30% in a temperature range between essentially &#x2212;20&#xb0; C. and essentially +85&#xb0; C.

Compound membrane, method of manufacturing the same, and acoustic device

An acoustic device (), comprising an oscillatory membrane () which comprises a transducing element () and a frame () adapted for accommodating the membrane () in an accommodation plane, wherein the membrane () is accommodated in the frame () in such a manner that a translational motion of the membrane () in at least one direction of the accommodation plane is made possible.

Acoustic device and method of manufacturing same

A membrane () for a microphone () is disclosed which comprises a first portion (A), a second portion (A), and elements (E. . . E, E' . . . E&#x2032;), which connect said first (A) and said second portion (A). The second portion (A) is arranged for a movement in relation to said first portion (A) around an idle position, which movement includes at least a translatory component in a direction of movement (dm) normal to said membrane (). The elements (E. . . E, E&#x2032; . . . E&#x2032;) are provided for definition of a spring constant for said movement around said idle position and are arranged substantially along the outer border of said second portion (A).

Membrane for a MEMS condenser microphone

A membrane for an electroacoustic transducer is disclosed having a first area, a second area, which is arranged for translatory movement in relation to said first area, and a third area, which connects said first area and said second area, wherein local, planar spring constants along a closed line within said third area encompassing said second area, are determined in such a way that local, translatory spring constants along said line in a direction of said translatory movement are substantially constant or exclusively have substantially flat, mutual changes.

Membrane for an electroacoustic transducer

A vibrating element () for an electroacoustic transducer, particularly for a loudspeaker, is provided, comprising a diaphragm () with at least two electrically conductive areas () separated from each other, and with a recess (). In the recess () a coil () is arranged with two connecting leads (), which are electrically contacted with one conductive area each (). The contact points () are then located in the area of the recess (). Furthermore, a method for the manufacturing of a vibrating element () is provided. The recess (), the inserting of the coil () into the recess () as well as optionally the contacting of connecting leads () with the conductive areas () can then take place in one process step.

Vibrating element for an electroacoustic transducer

The invention relates to a device for generating a medium stream, having a chamber, which chamber comprises chamber walls lying opposite one another and at least one medium opening for the medium stream, which medium stream can be generated in the chamber by a diaphragm, which diaphragm, in an inactive operating state of the device, is arranged substantially untensioned in the chamber between the chamber walls lying opposite one another, and associated with which diaphragm is a drive device, responsive to electrical drive signals, for driving the diaphragm to deform the same, the drive device being designed to impose a deformation on the diaphragm in an active operating state of the device, during which deformation the diaphragm has an inner mechanical tension.

Device for generating a medium stream

A membrane () for an electroacoustic transducer () is disclosed having a first area (A), a second area (A), which is arranged for translatory movement in relation to said first area (A), and a third area (A), which connects said first (A) and said second area (A), wherein local, planar spring constants (psc) along a closed line (L) within said third area (A) encompassing said second area (A), are determined in such a way that local, translatory spring constants (tsc) along said line (L) in a direction (DM) of said translatory movement are substantially constant or exclusively have substantially flat, mutual changes.

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Rohrau, Austria

Josef Lutz