Tannas Company

Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals

Hoechst Marion Roussel

The University of Texas System

Sanofi-a Ventis Deutschland Gmbh

Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Aventis Holdings, Inc.

Merrell Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Hoechst Marion Roussel Deutschland Gmbh

Jonathan C Evans

Theodore W Selby

Christian T Goralski

Cynthia L Rand

Paul C Vosejpka

Gregory C Miiller

Douglas J Wirsing

Marta Manning

Derrick D Hilliker

Sarah Nuss-Warren

Ian A Tomlinson

David A Hay

Sandra K Stolz-Dunn

Timothy T Curran

Calvin David Hugo

Edward D Daugs

Alexey L Margolin

Daniel Randolph Henton

Chi-Hsin Richard King

Paul F Skultety

Hans-Wolfram Flemming

Thomas T Ortyl

James E Hitt

Brian D Scherzer

Lian G Rajewski

Johannes Nicolaas Koek

Gerard Guillamot

John R Lefler

Sharon K Minish

Michael A Habitz

Michael T Kelly

Robert Culver

Fernando Moreira Mendes

Frederick M Laskovics

Thomas Heinz Eduard Hilpert

William John VanBergen

Alan G Bina

Robert A Hawthorne

Marvin J Sack

Thomas He Hilpert

Alonzo L Tigner

Effects of Oxygen on grease or another organic paste product can be evaluated with a modified version of the ASTM D942 test methodology for oxidation stability of lubricating greases or other organic paste products by employment of an oxidation pressure vessel, in which at least one of (A) a very small sample of the grease or other organic paste product is deployed for testing within the oxidation pressure vessel such that the sample has an enhanced surface area to mass ratio, and (B) a temperature other than about 99&#xb0; C. is employed during the testing. In general, the testing is carried out under oxidation pressure conditions. The sample may be evaluated with respect to Oxygen uptake. Additional technique(s) directed to oxidation and/or other properties of the sample may be carried out before to after any Oxygen uptake evaluation, for example, FTIR analysis and/or ATR-FTIR analysis.

Effects of oxygen on grease

A significantly improved version of the ASTM D942 Test Method, with apparatus employable to effect the same, is provided. This is useful in measurement of grease oxidation.

Grease oxidation

Instrumentation embraces an at least partially automated rotational tapered bearing simulator viscometer having electronic control and/or monitoring that includes task unit electronics, which includes a task unit electronics interface. With or without such electronics, the instrumentation may include a particular component configuration and/or employ at least one particular material. Further feature(s) may be extant.

Instrumentation that embraces a rotational viscometer, or that has a cantilevered platform elevator and/or employs heat in one area but not another

Elevated temperature liquid testing apparatus and methodology in which a thin film of test liquid and a reactant/control gas are provided about the top of a depositor member that is surrounded by a special mantle, for example, a substantially cylindrically walled glass mantle. As an oxidative engine oil test, it may mimic turbocharger conditions of a modern internal combustion engine. For example, employing moist air, the apparatus can test a thin film of engine oil for oxidation deposits at a predetermined temperature, say, 285&#xb0; C., 290&#xb0; C., or cycled between 285&#xb0; C. or 290&#xb0; C. and 320&#xb0; C. or 330&#xb0; C.

Thin film liquid thermal testing

An active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) or related substance (RS) can be tested for stability by placing the API or RS in an instrument containing a pressure-controllable atmosphere, controlling the pressure of the atmosphere in the instrument for a predetermined time, and evaluating the API or RS for stability. Testing can be carried out also at predetermined temperature(s) and/or under the influence of gaseous trigger(s) and so forth. For instance, an API sample can be placed in a bomb test instrument/reactor, oxygen as a gaseous trigger can be introduced to contact the API sample under constant and/or ramped temperature(s) and elevated pressure(s) for predetermined time(s), and the API sample can be evaluated for stability. An insert carousel may hold a sample of API(s) and/or RS(s) and/or aliquot(s) of sample(s) of API(s) and/or RS(s) for insertion into the bomb test instrument/reactor.

Testing pharmaceuticals and related substances

Apparatus includes a pivotable, cradling framework that can hold a rotatable bomb instrument, which can include a hollow cylinder and a grease rack. This may be employed to effect a significantly improved version of the ASTM D942 Test Method. The same is useful in measurement of grease oxidation.

Grease wear test device includes a body in a form of a collar having an outer surface, a first side and an opposing second side, which are open to form a hollow, open channel through the body, which has a center axis, into which opposing vee blocks can be inserted; and perpendicular to the center axis, a pair of opposing holes through and open to the outer surface of the body and the cylindrical inside wall, through which a cylindrical test journal (falex pin) can be inserted for contact in general with opposing vee-shaped channels of the inserted, opposing vee blocks, and for rotation during testing. The device can be used to modify a falex pin and vee block device, to receive and contain a small sample of grease or another organic paste product for testing such as a modified version of an ASTM D2670 test method for measuring wear properties of fluid lubricants (falex pin and vee block method).

Grease wear resistance

The present invention is a method for preparing micron-sized or submicron-sized drug particles comprising contacting a solution comprising a poorly water soluble drug substance and at least one freezable organic solvent with a cold surface so as to freeze the solution; and removing the organic solvent. The resulting particles are also disclosed, as are several embodiments of an apparatus that can be used in performing the method of the present invention.

Drug particles from freezing onto a surface

The present invention provides various processes for the preparation of (R)-&#x3b1;-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol. These processes may be characterized by the following scheme: 

Processes for the preparation of (R)-&#x3b1;-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol

The present invention provides various processes for the preparation of (R)-&agr;-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-&lsqb;2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl&rsqb;-4-piperidinemethanol. These processes may be characterized by the following scheme:

Processes for the preparation of (R)-&agr;-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-&lsqb;2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl&rsqb;-4-piperidinemethanol

The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing cis-4-O-protected-substituted-2-cyclopentenol derivatives comprising, a) dissolving a 4-O-protected-2-cyclopentenone in a suitable organic solvent; and b) treating the solution with a suitable Lewis acid and a suitable reducing agent at a temperature of from about -100.degree. C. to about 20.degree. C. The cis-4-O-protected-substituted-2-cyclopentenol derivatives are useful intermediates in the preparation of various cyclopentanyl and cyclopentenyl purine analogs which are useful as immunosuppressants and in the preparation of various prostaglandins.

Preparation of cis-4-O-protected-2-cyclopentenol derivatives

The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing (E)-1-amino-2-(fluoromethylene)-4-(p-fluorophenyl)butane, also known in the art as (E)-(p-fluorophenethyl)-3-fluoroallylamine, novel intermediates thereof, a novel process for the preparing (E)-2-(fluoromethylene)-4-(p-fluorophenyl)butan-1-ol, and a novel process for preparing alkali metal salts of diformylamide.

Process for the preparation of

The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing alkali metal salts of diformylamide and a novel crystalline form of sodium diformylamide.

Process for the preparation of alkali metal salts of diformylamide

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Midland, MI, United States of America

Jonathan C Evans