Sangamo Weston, Inc.

John W Jerrim

Lawrence B Horwitz

A direct sequence spread spectrum transmitter and receiver can be synchronized when the timing reference frequency is less than or equal to the data sampling rate and the ratio of the data sampling rate to the timing reference is an integer by combining two, four or eight consecutive data samples to yield one data sample point. By combining these data samples, an optimum data sample point may be determined while receiving an alternating sign preamble by comparing the magnitudes of all possible summations and selecting the sample which gives a maximum output. If each sample is assigned to its own synchronization point, then synchronization may be accomplished by locking to the time that gives the maximum output.

Timing signal correction system for use in direct sequence spread signal

A plurality of transmitters synchronized to a common clock each transmit a data signal spread by a common bipolar pseudo-random code having a different assigned code sequence shift. A receiver, synchronized to the clock, discriminates the signals transmitted by a predetermined transmitter from signals transmitted by the others by generating a first pseudo-random code that is a replica of the common bipolar pseudo-random code and has a code sequence shift corresponding to that of the predetermined transmitter, and a second bipolar pseudo-random code that is a replica of the common bipolar pseudo-random code and has an unassigned code sequence shift. The difference between the first and second bipolar pseudo-random code sequences, which is a trinary code sequence, is cross-correlated with the incoming signals. The cross-correlation despreads only the signal having the predetermined code sequence shift. Each receiver includes a number of correlation detectors offset from each other by a fraction of a code chip, together with decision circuitry to identify cross-correlation peaks. The cross-correlation output of a primary correlation detector generates in-phase and quadrature-phase correlation signals, with the quadrature-phase signal being at a minimum when the receiver and predetermined transmitter are perfectly synchronized with each other. The ratio of the in-phase and quadrature-phase signals are processed to identify the presence of a data signal within a background of noise and to improve synchronization lock between the receiver and predetermined transmitter.

Synchronization system for use in direct sequence spread spectrum signal

A demand recorder includes a microprocessor for receiving data pulses representative of measured events and formats the incoming data into demand intervals. After a predetermined number of demand intervals, called a collection period, the microprocessor transfers the data for more permanent storage to a solid state memory which may be removed for remote processing. The system has battery carryover during a power outage, but the microprocessor prevents data transfers to the solid state memory. At the end of a collection period in which a power outage occurred, the microprocessor transfers the current data to a secondary portion of random access memory. For subsequent demand intervals until power is restored and including any thermal recovery periods, the processor formats event data by assigning index numbers for demand intervals in order of occurrence and stores data only for those demand intervals in which power consumption was actually measured. After the system has returned to normal operation, the data temporarily stored in secondary RAM is transferred to the solid state memory and the data in primary RAM which is stored in compacted format is re-constructed into normal storage format in RAM with all intervals during which no event data was detected being zero-filled. As data is taken from primary RAM, converted into the original format and transferred to secondary RAM for storage in the solid state memory, the remaining data in primary RAM is advanced in memory, similar to the operation of a stack memory, so that as much space as possible is made available for data storage in the event of a subsequent power outage prior to the time all of the data in primary RAM is converted and stored in the solid state memory.

Power outage recovery method and apparatus for demand recorder with

In a solid state current, power or energy meter having a Hall element magnetically coupled to line current, a system for compensating the Hall voltage for its dependence on temperature comprises a read only memory (ROM) containing experimentally obtained temperature compensation data. The temperature of the Hall element is measured by a thermistor to develop a temperature dependent voltage. In one embodiment, the Hall element voltage and temperature dependent voltage are digitalized and supplied to address the ROM to generate a temperature compensated Hall voltage. In a second embodiment, the ROM is addressed by only the temperature dependent voltage to generate a correction voltage that is added to the Hall element voltage for temperature compensation.

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Lilburn, GA, United States of America

John W Jerrim