Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

Cdg Environmental, LLC

John Peter Hobbs

Madhu Anand

Aaron Rosenblatt

Thomas Ellsworth McWhorter

Barzin Keramati

Robert Shay

Peter Kazlas

James Francis Heffron

Zbigniew Zurecki

Andrew Joseph Woytek

Diwakar Garg

Philip Bruce Henderson

James Joseph Hart

Donald Laurence Meixner

James Francis DeiTos

James Francis Deitos

Thomas Ellsworth Mcwhorter

Stable, aqueous solutions of chlorine dioxide and methods for producing stable, aqueous solutions of chlorine dioxide are disclosed. Generally, the chlorine dioxide solutions of the invention are aqueous solutions containing about 1000 ppm by weight or less of total impurities and/or 10 ppm or less of manganese and iron combined. The aqueous chlorine dioxide solutions are storage stable for at least 90 days at 25&#xb0; C. and maintain at least 75% of the initial chlorine dioxide concentration. Methods of preparing, using and transporting the chlorine dioxide solutions are also disclosed.

Storage-stable aqueous solutions of chlorine dioxide and methods for preparing and using them

New methods are disclosed for decontaminating surfaces and enclosures that avoid problems such as salt deposits, corrosion and condensation that accompany the use of known methods. The methods involve the use of chlorine dioxide solutions prepared by passing dilute chlorine gas over solid granular sodium chlorite to produce chlorine dioxide gas which is then collected to form a solution with very low levels of impurities. The chlorine dioxide gas can be introduced into an enclosure and used to disinfect a portion of the contents of the enclosure.

Use of storage-stable aqueous solutions of chlorine dioxide to generate pure chlorine dioxide gas for decontamination

The present invention is for extremely pure solutions of chlorine dioxide, methods for making such solutions and to compositions and methods for storing, shipping and using such solutions. Generally, the chlorine dioxide solutions of the invention are aqueous solutions containing about 2500 ppm or less of total impurities. The chlorine dioxide solution can be prepared by passing dilute highly pure chlorine gas through a bed of substantially solid sodium chloride and contacting the resulting chlorine dioxide gas with a liquid.

The present invention is for extremely pure solutions of chlorine dioxide, methods for making such solutions and to compositions and methods for storing, shipping and using such solutions. Generally, the chlorine dioxide solutions of the invention are aqueous solutions containing about 2500 ppm or less of total impurities. The chlorine dioxide solution can be prepared by passing dilute highly pure chlorine gas through a bed of substantially solid sodium chlorite and contacting the resulting chlorine dioxide gas with a liquid.

The present invention is for extremely pure solutions of chlorine dioxide, methods for making such solutions and to compositions and methods for storing, shipping and using such solutions. Generally, the chlorine dioxide solutions of the invention are aqueous solutions containing about 2500 ppm or less of total impurities. The chlorine dioxide solution can be prepare by passing dilute highly pure chlorine gas through a bed of substantially solid sodium chlorite and contacting the resulting chlorine dioxide gas with a liquid.

A process for cleaning a deposit from an interior surface of a processing chamber includes generating a plasma from a cleaning gas including SOFand contacting the interior surface with the plasma for a time sufficient to convert the deposit into a volatile product, thereby cleaning the deposit from the interior surface, in which the process is conducted in the absence of SF. The deposits, which may be removed by the process of the invention, include silicone, silicone oxide, silicone nitride, tungsten, copper and aluminum.

Plasma cleaning gas with lower global warming potential than SF6

An improved method of processing both primary and secondary nonferrous metal and alloys of said metals using a refining gas is provided. The improvement involves refining said non-ferrous metal and alloys with a gaseous mixture including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ClF , ClF, COF , F COF, CF (OF) , SO F , NF , SO ClF, SOF , SOF , NOF, F and SF .

Refining nonferrous metals and alloys with gases having reduced global warming potential

An improved method of processing a nonferrous metal and alloys of said metal using a blanketing gas having a global warming potential is provided. The improvement involves reducing the global warming potential of the blanketing gas by blanketing the nonferrous metal and alloys with a gaseous mixture including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of COF , CF COF, (CF ) CO, F COF, F C(OF) , SO F , NF , SO ClF, SOF , SOF , NOF, F and SF .

Blanketing metals and alloys at elevated temperatures with gases having reduced global warming potential

An apparatus and method are used to modify the surface chemistry of an article. The article to be surface treated has at least a surface region that includes at least one polymer. The method comprises the steps of placing one or more articles into a closed reaction chamber which is evacuated to a negative pressure. After evacuation, a treatment gas is rapidly injected into the reaction chamber, the treatment gas having an essentially predetermined composition comprising one or more components which are reactive with the articles within the reaction chamber. The treatment gas is allowed to react with the articles within the closed reaction chamber for a predetermined period of time. The treatment gas is then removed from within the reaction chamber and replaced with an inert gas at about atmospheric pressure. Finally, the treated articles are removed from the treatment chamber.

Processes for improved surface properties incorporating compressive heating of reactive gases

An improved method of processing a molten non-ferrous metal and alloys of the metal using a blanketing gas having a global warming potential is provided. The improvement involves reducing the global warming potential of the blanketing gas by blanketing the molten non-ferrous metal and alloys with a gaseous mixture including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of SO F , NF , SO CLF, SOF , and NOF.

Blanketing molten nonferrous metals and alloys with gases having reduced global warming potential

The present invention discloses an improved process for producing plastic containers with excellent resistance to permeation by solvents such as hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon fuels, and hydrocarbon fuels with organic additives including lower alkanols and ethers consistently and reliably. The process is related to a treatment of plastic containers in a controlled manner with fluorine containing gases while blow molding them. In the process of the present invention, an article of manufacture, a container, is formed and subjected to fluorination by exposure to a fluorination gas. After the fluorination, the container is quenched by exposing the container to a fluorine reactive gas to react with the fluorine, thereby converting the fluorine to a less reactive gas.

Process for producing permeation resistant containers

The present invention discloses an improved process for producing plastic containers with excellent resistance to permeation by solvents such as hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon fuels, and hydrocarbon fuels with organic additives including lower alkanols and ethers consistently and reliably. The process is related to a multi-step treatment of plastic containers in a controlled manner with fluorine containing gases while blow molding them. In the process of the present invention, a parison is formed from a pre-heated thermoplastic material, expanded within a closed mold by means of an inflating gas for conforming the parison to the shape of the mold, and subjected to multiple fluorination treatment steps to effect fluorination of the interior surface of the parison. In the first step of the multi-step fluorination treatment the parison is pressurized with a reactive gas containing from about 0.05 to about 0.5% fluorine by volume while the parison is at a temperature above its self supporting temperature and for a time sufficient to effect fluorination of the interior surface of the parison. Subsequently, the interior surface of the pre-fluorinated parison is pressurized with a reactive gas containing fluorine in a concentration that is greater than that used in the initial fluorination step for a time sufficient to form said fluorinated parison with excellent resistance to solvent permeation. The parison is purged with an inert gas, vented and the container recovered. The key requirements for producing containers with excellent resistance to solvent permeation consistently and reliably include (1) minimizing and/or eliminating the molecular oxygen contaminant in the parison while treating it with fluorine containing reactive gas and (2) selecting the concentration of fluorine in the reactive gas for the first and subsequent fluorination treatment steps in such a way that it eliminates both under and over fluorination of the inside surface of the parison.

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Lansdale, PA, United States of America

John Peter Hobbs