3ware, Inc.

John Peter Herz

Mitchell Allen Altman

James Arthur McDonald

William Edward Smith, Iii

Christophe Therene

Ronald J Schoenbaum

A disk array controller detects whether each drive it is connected to is an ATA drive or a SCSI drive, and communicates with that disk drive using the corresponding protocol. Preferably, the disk array controller supports both the Serial ATA interface specification and the Serial Attached SCSI interface specification, allowing either or both types of disk drives to be included within a RAID or other disk array configuration. The disk array controller may be incorporated into a storage server having hot swap drive carriers that accommodate both types of disk drives.

Disk array controller and system with automated detection and control of both ATA and SCSI disk drives

A disk array system comprises a plurality of automated controllers, each of which implements a host side of a standard ATA interface protocol within automated circuitry to control a respective disk drive. Each automated controller preferably includes a command buffer for storing disk drive commands to be executed by a respective ATA drive, and a data buffer that stores I/O data being transferred to or from the ATA disk drive. In a preferred embodiment, the automated controllers are connected by a control bus to a microcontroller that dispatches disk drive commands to the automated controllers in response to I/O requests from a host computer, and are also connected by a second bus to an automated processor. The automated processor transfers I/O data between the automated controllers/ATA disk drives and a host computer, and tracks the completion statuses of pending I/O requests.

Disk array system with controllers that automate host side of ATA interface

A high performance RAID system for a PC comprises a controller card which controls an array of ATA disk drives. The controller card includes an array of automated disk drive controllers, each of which controls one respective disk drive. The disk drive controllers are connected to a microcontroller by a control bus and are connected to an automated coprocessor by a packet-switched bus. The coprocessor accesses system memory and a local buffer. In operation, the disk drive controllers respond to controller commands from the microcontroller by accessing their respective disk drives, and by sending packets to the coprocessor over the packet-switched bus. The packets carry I/O data (in both directions, with the coprocessor filling-in packet payloads on I/O writes), and carry transfer commands and target addresses that are used by the coprocessor to access the buffer and system memory. The packets also carry special completion values (generated by the microcontroller) and I/O request identifiers that are processed by a logic circuit of the coprocessor to detect the completion of processing of each I/O request. The coprocessor grants the packet-switched bus to the disk drive controllers using a round robin arbitration protocol which guarantees a minimum I/O bandwidth to each disk drive. This minimum I/O bandwidth is preferably greater than the sustained transfer rate of each disk drive, so that all drives of the array can operate at the sustained transfer rate without the formation of a bottleneck.

Disk array controller, and components thereof, for use with ATA disk drives

A high-performance RAID system for a PC comprises a controller card which controls an array of ATA disk drives. The controller card includes an array of automated disk drive controllers, each of which controls one respective disk drive. The disk drive controllers are connected to a microcontroller by a control bus and are connected to an automated coprocessor by a packet-switched bus. The coprocessor accesses system memory and a local buffer. In operation, the disk drive controllers respond to controller commands from the microcontroller by accessing their respective disk drives, and by sending packets to the coprocessor over the packet-switched bus. The packets carry I/O data (in both directions, with the coprocessor filling-in packet payloads on I/O writes), and carry transfer commands and target addresses that are used by the coprocessor to access the buffer and system memory. The packets also carry special completion values (generated by the microcontroller) and I/O request identifiers that are processed by a logic circuit of the coprocessor to detect the completion of processing of each I/O request. The coprocessor grants the packet-switched bus to the disk drive controllers using a round robin arbitration protocol which guarantees a minimum I/O bandwidth to each disk drive. This minimum I/O bandwidth is preferably greater than the sustained transfer rate of each disk drive, so that all drives of the array can operate at the sustained transfer rate without the formation of a bottleneck.

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Los Altos, CA, United States of America

John Peter Herz