North American Philips Corporation

Advanced Electrostatic Technologies, Inc.

North American Philips Lighting Corp.

Advance Electrostatic Technologies, Inc.

John P Dunn

Kent L Collins

Kathleen P Bernard

Norman R King

Joseph E Canale

John C Alderman

Jagannathan Ravi

Jay J Palmer

Dale E Brabham

Kenneth E Pearson

Kris Aelterman

William R Narby

Henri DeMoras

Ronald C Marburger

Herbert Bayne

Collection of particles from a gas stream and the separation of dissimilar particles from a gas stream by a field effect auxiliary gas cyclone (FEAGC) is enhanced by providing an inductive field that attracts or repels particles and an auxiliary gas system that complements the field effect by providing an additional independent internal control for particle velocity, particle concentration, and system delta p. The FEAGC has three adjustable operating variables: (1) an auxiliary high pressure air input orifice located in the cyclone input which is used to increase the product velocity while reducing the solids to gas ratio; (2) an electric field between the cone and the vortex that subjects charged particles to either an attractive or repelling field; and (3) an auxiliary air venturi located in the inlet of the vortex to control the delta p and to control the operating temperature of the vortex and insulating materials. Controlling these variables is done by optically monitoring changes in the particle concentration at the exit end of the vortex outlet and automatically adjusting the auxiliary air inlets and the high voltage. The FEAGC is effective for separating particles that average less than 5 microns in diameter.

Field effect auxiliary gas cyclone (FEAGC) and method of using

An electrostatic sieve having a circular solid electrode, preferably with sawtooth contours arranged on its lower side concentrically around a center hole. The solid electrode is supported by insulating brackets around its perimeter. The brackets are attached to a conical outer structure, which also serves to collect the coarse particles. Underneath the solid electrode, with a gap between, is the sieve electrode, which is supported by a stretcher, preferably a circular ring of tubing with a square cross-section, itself supported on insulating brackets, which rest on an inner cone. The inner cone tapers toward the bottom to collect the fine powder passing through the sieve electrode, which passes through the hole in the bottom of the cone and falls into a collecting tray. The outer surface of the inner cone forms the inner surface of a conical passage, the outer surface of which is the outer conical support. Powder to be sieved is fed into the opening in the center of the solid electrode. As the powder passes through the hole into the gap between the solid electrode and the sieve electrode, it flows radially outward toward the perimeter of the electrodes under the influence of an electric field between the solid and sieve electrodes, and is induced to oscillate between the electrodes. As the particles flow outward, they are tried against the sieve electrode, and the finer particles flow through the sieve and down into the inner cone, passing out of the cone through the bottom and falling into the fines collection tray. The coarser particles continue to flow radially outward, oscillating and being tried all the way, until they finally flow off the perimeter of the sieve electrode and into the conical outer support. The coarse particles then flow through the gap between the inner and outer cones until they pass out of the bottom of the outer conical support into a donut-shaped collection tray. The contouring of the solid electrode causes increased oscillation as the particles move radially outward, which increases the number of trials against the sieve electrode. If required by the powder used, vibrators may be attached to the inner or outer cones to aid in passage of the particles along the walls of the cones.

Electrostatic sieving apparatus

This invention utilizes the oscillation which is produced in a powder which is acted upon by an electrostatic field. The disperser accomplishes its task by electrically charging the powder in a high voltage DC filed or by contact with a charging electrode, this causes the powder to become polarized and repel or disperse into discrete particles. The passing of particles from one electrode toward a second of opposite polarity will place a charge on the particle which causes oscillation, dispersion and movement toward the second electrode. Additional dispersion of the powder takes place as the particles oscillate and impact against the electrodes during the decent through the apparatus. Particle oscillation is related to particle polarity changes that occur as the particles traverse through the system.

Electrostatic dispersing apparatus

An apparatus for classifying particles by size comprising: a source of direct potential having first and second terminals, a sieve electrode connected to the first terminal, a solid electrode connected to the second terminal. Particles are fed to a transfer point located between the sieve electrode and the solid electrode such that the particles disperse and oscillate between the sieve electrode and the solid electrode whereby smaller particles pass through the sieve electrode. The new equipment has five adjustable operating parameters, screen angle, spacing between electrodes, field strength, powder input rate and electrode taper. The taper between electrodes is usually small, 0.3 to 0.4 of a degree with the larger opening at the top. The taper is used when the input powder is fine and the particle size differential is skewed either towards the high or low side. The purpose of the taper is to reduce the possibility of arcing at the input as well as to control dispersion of the particles. The solid electrode may be flat, or contoured in side-to-side sine wave, step or sawtooth patterns, or in dimples across the surface, to increase the oscillation of particles. A plurality of parallel wire electrodes may be added perpendicular to the long axis of the sieve and solid electrodes at the same potential as the solid electrode in order to increase turbulence and particle oscillation.

A 1000 watt arc discharge arc tube assembly comprises two series connected side-by-side arc discharge tubes whose combined break down voltage in sufficient for a standard 2-5 kv starting pulse to simultaneously start both arc tubes without additional structure. A standard ballast, starter and fixture can be used with the arc tube assembly whose overall length is less than 300 millimeters. The lamps are spaced sufficiently apart to preclude detrimental heat transfer effects on one another and sufficiently close to act as a single source of light in standard fixtures normally employing lamps having a single discharge tube.

High-pressure series arc discharge lamp construction

A high pressure metal halide discharge lamp having a containment sleeve closed by a pair of metallic end caps for containing arc tube fragments in the event of explosive failure of the arc tube. Insulators secured in the end caps electrically insulate the arc tube lead-throughs from the end caps. Metallic tubes fixed on the lead-throughs butt against the insulators to secure the arc tube between the end caps and hold the end caps against the containment sleeve. Photoelectric emission from the end caps is avoided by electrically isolating the end caps or by providing a dielectric coating on end cap surfaces exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

Explosion proof high pressure discharge lamp

A high pressure discharge lamp has a discharge vessel with a closure and an electrode lead-through with an electrode rod mounted thereon. The closure has an aperture therethrough with a predetermined diameter. The lead-through comprises an elongated cylindrical member dimensioned to fit closely within the aperture through the closure, and a limiting means for limiting the distance the lead-through extends in the discharge envelope. The lead-through is crimped at a predetermined location on its outer surface, forming the limiting means including a plurality of alternating contractions and expansions. The expansions form protuberances having a diameter greater than the predetermined inner diameter of the aperture. The protuberances limit the extent of insertion of the lead-through into the discharge envelope, align the lead-through on the closure with a centerline attitude, and determine the distance the electrode rod is inserted within the discharge vessel.

High pressure discharge lamp having an electrode lead-through with a

A dual arc tube high pressure discharge lamp with a support frame connected to an electrical connector comprising a U-shaped piece of wire the axes of the legs of which are offset from the base so that the plane passing through the axes of the legs does not pass through the middle of the base of the wire.

Arrangement for supporting two discharge tubes in one envelope

A dual arc tube high pressure discharge lamp with a locating element for one end of each discharge tube in which the locating element comprises an H-shaped piece of stamped metal with a leg of the H inserted in the tubular electrode assemblies of each of the dual arc tubes.

Sheet metal support for dual arc discharge lamps and method of making

A high pressure discharge lamp arrangement in which the support wire for the arc tube of the lamp has its end which is inserted in the open tubular electrode structure of the lamp expanded so that its external dimension more nearly equals the internal dimension of the tubular structure.

Arc tube wire support

A method of forming a support wire for the arc tube of a discharge lamp wherein a cut end of the support wire is flattened to provide a smooth burr-free surface for insertion into the opening of the niobium tubes located at the ends of the arc tube of the discharge lamp.

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Hammondsport, NY, United States of America

John P Dunn