Eastman-Kodak Company

John M McCabe

John C Wilson

Lawrence P DeMejo

William E Yoerger

Donald Saul Rimai

Louis J Sorriero

Muhammad Aslam

Alec N Mutz

John F Wright

A method is provided for non-electrostatically transferring dry toner particles which comprise a toner binder and have a particle size of 8 micrometers or less from the surface of an element to a receiver. The receiver comprises a substrate having a coating of a semi-crystalline polyester on a surface of the substrate. The semi-crystalline polyester has a glass transition temperature in a range of from approximately 5.degree. C. to 80.degree. C.; a melting temperature in a range of from approximately 40.degree. C. to 200.degree. C.; a weight average molecular weight in a range of from approximately 10,000 to 150,000; a number average molecular weight in a range of from approximately 5,000 to 75,000; a crystallinity of from approximately 5 to 25 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the polyester and a surface energy of from approximately 44 to 52 dynes/cm. The method involves preheating the receiver to a temperature ranging from approximately 70.degree. C. to 95.degree. C. and contacting the toner-bearing element with the receiver to effectuate the transfer of virtually 100% of the toner particles from the element to the receiver and thereafter separating the receiver from the element while the temperature of the semi-crystalline polyester coating on the receiver is maintained above the glass transition temperature of the semi-crystalline polyester. The method is particularly well suited for providing images having high resolution and low granularity from very small toner particles.

Method of non-electrostatically transferring small electrostatographic

Small particle toner images carried on an image member are transferred to thermally conductive intermediate by heating the intermediate in the presence of an electrical field urging transfer. The intermediate is heated to a temperature sufficient to sinter the toner particles at least when they touch the intermediate and other toner particles, but insufficient to damage the image member or cause the toner to stick to the image member. The toner image is transferred from the intermediate to a receiving sheet, which step can include sufficient heat and pressure to fix the image to the receiving sheet.

Method and apparatus of transferring toner images made up of small dry

Low fusing temperature toner compositions with good keep and broad fusing latitude characteristics are provided. The toner compositions are the reaction product of a linear or branched carboxylated polyester crosslinked with an epoxy novolac resin utilizing a multi-purpose additive as a catalyst for the crosslinking reaction and as a charge control agent for the toner powder.

Toner compositions containing a multi-purpose additive

A toner composition comprising a binder and a 2-imidazoline is provided.

Toner compositions containing 2-imidazolines, imidazoles or

A cross-linked low surface adhesion composition, that can be utilized as either an electrographic toner powder or as an additive for conventional electrographic toner powder, exhibits improved transfer and contributes to an increase in the useful life of the developer. The low surface adhesion composition employs a silicone resin and a polyester resin cross-linked with a polyfunctional epoxy novolac resin.

Cross-linked low surface adhesion additives for toner compositions

A low fusing temperature toner powder with excellent keep and grindability characteristics is provided which employs a polyblend of a crystalline polyester and an amorphous polyester that has been cross-linked with an epoxy novolac resin in the presence of a crosslinking catalyst.

Low fusing temperature toner powder of cross-linked crystalline and

Photoconductive insulating compositions comprising organic photoconductors are described. Organic photoconductor materials such as p-terphenyl or polyvinylcarbazole are dispersed or dissolved in an electrically insulating binder and chemically sensitized with a polymer having repeating units to which are appended a monovalent chlorendate radical. When employing the aforesaid polymeric chemical sensitizer, acrylic polymers or cellulose nitrates are especially useful as insulating binders for heterogeneous compositions of the subject type. Or, by omitting conventional binders, the described polymeric chemical sensitizer can function simultaneously as chemical sensitizer and insulating binder for such photoconductive compositions. Further, the present polymeric chemical sensitizer is particularly useful with one or more additional chemical sensitizers to yield sensitized compositions with especially desirable properties. Compositions comprising the polymeric chemical sensitizers of this invention are applied to an electrically conducting support to prepare electrophotographic elements.

Polymeric chemical sensitizers for organic photoconductive compositions

A method of overcoating a conductive polymer support with an aqueous-based polymer coating comprises crosslinking the conductive polymer with hydrolyzed tetraethyl orthosilicate prior to overcoating. An electrophotographic element can be prepared by coating a support with a conductive layer comprising a conductive polymer crosslinked with hydrolyzed tetraethyl orthosilicate (polysilicic acid) and overcoating with an aqueous-based layer of an electrically insulating polymer containing a photoconductor.

Electrophotographic elements comprising polysilicic acid-crosslinked

A repellent composition containing an oil of low volatility having a surface energy less than 27 dynes/cm. and a solid fluorinated polymer such as a polymer of a fluoroalkyl acrylate. In accord with certain embodiments of the invention, a resinous binder and/or a particulate fluorocarbon powder may be added to the repellent composition. The repellent composition may be used to prepare an ink repellent surface for a 'waterless' lithoplate or as a coating on the surface of an electrographic element from which a liquid developed electrographic image is transferred.

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Pittsford, NY, United States of America

John M McCabe