USA As Represented by Secretary of the Navy

John Harold Meloling

David Earl Hurdsman

John W Rockway

Frederick Joseph Verd

Justin A Church

Michael Patrick Daly

Wendy Marie Massey

John D Rockway

Peder M Hansen

Daniel W Tam

David Carlos Dawson

Hoa V Phan

Nazia Mozaffar

Terence R Albert

Aldo Monges

Randall A Reeves

Antenna Array for passively modulating radio frequency signals. Specifically, an antenna array or system comprising a plurality of retroreflective antennas configured to passively receive a radiofrequency (RF) signal from a source, and configured to reflect the RF signal; and a passive modulation circuit, electrically connected to the plurality of retroreflective antennas, configured to modulate the RF signal to represent a code, wherein the code comprises information, and further comprising: a plurality of RF switches. Additionally, a method for passively reflecting modulated signals, comprising generating a radiofrequency (RF) signal at a source; receiving the a RF signal with a plurality of retroreflective antennas; passively modulating the signal's amplitude to create a modulated RF signal, wherein the modulated RF signal comprises a code, and wherein the code further comprises a unique identifier associated with the plurality of retroreflective antennas; and passively reflecting a modulated signal back to the source.

Antenna array for passively modulating radio frequency signals

An antenna comprising: first and second dielectric layers; a conductive slot layer disposed between the first and second dielectric layers, wherein the slot layer has a slot therein with short and long axes of symmetry; a pair of arcs, rotated 180&#xb0; from each other, made of conductive material, and disposed on top of the first dielectric layer, wherein proximal ends of the arcs are vertically-aligned with the short axis of symmetry and equidistant from the long axis of symmetry and electrically connected to the slot layer through vias in the first dielectric layer; and a forked feed made of conductive material disposed on the bottom of the second dielectric layer, wherein the forked feed has a centerline that is vertically-aligned with the short axis of symmetry.

Slot-fed dual horse shoe circularly-polarized broadband antenna

An antenna comprising: a loop made of conductive material; two baluns connected to, and intersecting, opposing sides of the loop, wherein each balun has an output; a 180&#xb0; hybrid coupler having two input ports, a sum output port, and a delta output port, wherein the two input ports are connected to the outputs of the baluns; a first low noise amplifier (LNA) connected to the sum output port; a second LNA connected to the delta output port; first and second receivers connected to the first and second LNAs respectively; and wherein the antenna is electrically small and is designed to simultaneously receive wideband signals in real time from 3 to 30 MHz.

High frequency simultaneous metrics antenna (HF-SIMANT)

An antenna comprising: a ground plane having a center; six receive ports mounted to the ground plane in a circular configuration around the center and separated from each other by approximately 60 degrees; three conductive half-loops, disposed in mutually orthogonal planes, wherein each half-loop has two ends that are connected to separate receive ports; and three 180&#xb0; hybrids, each 180&#xb0; hybrid having two input ports, a delta output port, and a sum output port, wherein the two input ports of each 180&#xb0; hybrid are connected to the two receive ports of one of the half-loops.

Six degrees of freedom ground exploiting vector sensor antenna (6Ge antenna)

A dual feed slot antenna can include a ground plane formed with an aperture, and first feed and second feeds extending into the aperture. The first feed and second feed can extend into the aperture so that the first feed and second feed are coincident and out of phase with other. The first feed and said second feed can define a U-shaped stub, with a respective stub length, a stub width, a crossbar and a pair of stub tines defining a stub separation extending from the crossbar. The first feed and second feed can extend into the aperture so that each of the stub tines from a first feed are coincident the stub tines from the second feed. With this configuration, and with further selection of the said respective stub lengths, stub widths and stub separations, a symmetric omnidirectional radiation can be established for the antenna.

Dual feed slot antenna

An efficient electrically small circularly polarized SATCOM antenna includes two crossed half loops which are encapsulated by a capacitive cage structure which acts as an internal matching network for the antenna. The cage structure induces two orthogonal electric fields which are 90 degrees out of phase, which produces omni-directional circularly polarized radiation patterns. The gain and impedance performance surpasses that of prior art of similar size.

Electrically small circularly polarized antenna

Methods for establishing metamaterial transmission line (MTM TL's) for a phased array antenna can include the initial step of defining a defining a Composite Right/Left Hand (CRLH) CRLH unit cell architecture. A family of unit cells using CRLH TL microstrip architecture can be constructed so that each of the CRLH unit cells have the same physical length, but different cell phases and cell phase slopes. To do this, the stub length of each CRLH unit cell can be varied. Once the family of CRLH unit cells is constructed, different numbers of different CRLH unit cells from the family can be combined with different numbers of conventional right hand TL's, which results in TL's for a phased array antenna that each have the same overall phase and overall phase slope not only at the design frequency f, but over the entire design frequency band for the antenna.

Equal phase and equal phased slope metamaterial transmission lines

A method for estimating the characteristic impedance of a structure comprising the following steps: providing a current probe comprising a magnetic core having an aperture therein and a primary winding wrapped around the core; measuring, with a calibrated vector network analyzer (VNA), the impedance (Z) of the current probe while in an open configuration wherein nothing but air occupies the aperture and the current probe is isolated from a ground; measuring, with the VNA, the impedance (Z) of the current probe while in a short configuration, wherein the current probe is electrically shorted; measuring, with the VNA, the impedance (Z) of the current probe while the current probe is mounted to the structure such that the structure extends through the aperture; and calculating an estimated characteristic impedance (Z') of the structure according to the following equation: Z&#x2032;=(Z&#x2212;Z)(Z&#x2212;Z)/(Z&#x2212;Z).

Structure characteristic impedance estimator using current probe

A ferrite-loaded broadband loop antenna having nearly comparable transmit/receive characteristics is disclosed. The antenna contains a low loss ferrite core having a width-to-height ratio of approximately 24 and a depth-to-height ratio of approximately 6, and an antenna feed plate assembly centered about the long axis of the ferrite core, having a width-to-height ratio of approximately 6 and a width-to-depth ratio of approximately 1, and a balanced feed located at the center of the antenna feed plate assembly, positioned on the radiating side of the antenna, and a low loss center element in the ferrite core, the center element having at least one of a loss tangent and a permeability that is lower than the ferrite core, and a grounding surface coupled to the antenna feed plates.

Broadband ferrite loaded loop antenna

A method for making transmission measurements in a dual-chambered anechoic chamber used in conjunction with spatial averaging. At selected transmitter antenna positions, measurement are taken at different frequencies. For each transmitter position, a measurement is made with the test device positioned between the apertures, and another without the test device. When all desired measurements have been made, the measurement data are spatially averaged; i.e., the measurements are scaled, summed, and averaged, providing more accurate transmission measurements.

Method for making transmission measurements in a dual-chambered anechoic chamber using spatial averaging

A dual-chambered anechoic chamber used in conjunction with spatial averaging for making transmission measurements of electromagnetic devices. The anechoic chamber includes a first tapered chamber with a first aperture, a second tapered chamber with a second aperture opposed to the first aperture, an alignment apparatus for aligning the two chambers and, if necessary, for positioning a test device between the apertures, and a positioning mechanism for mounting and determining the position of a transmitter antenna. A receiver antenna in the second chamber receives test signals transmitted from the transmitter antenna. At selected transmitter antenna positions, measurements are taken at different frequencies. For each transmitter position, a measurement is made with the test device positioned between the apertures, and another without the test device. When all desired measurements have been made, the measurement data are spatially averaged; i.e., the measurements are scaled, summed, and averaged, providing a more accurate transmission measurement.

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San Diego, CA, United States of America

John Harold Meloling