Burlington Industries, Inc.

Southern Mills, Inc.

John H Hansen

Phillip H Riggins

Delano M Conklin

James R Johnson

Robert C Malpass

John B Hodgin

Tina V Lorenzo

Robert S Craycroft

Earnest J Russell

Norbert W Burske

Aramid and aramid-blend fabrics are dyed or flame-retardant treated or both dyed and flame-retardant treated using conventional heat dyeing equipment. Amides capable of swelling the aramid fibers at least 1.5% and preferably having 7 to 14 carbon atoms are used as diffusion-promoting agents for dyes, flame retardant agents or both. Odor-free, flame resistant, colored or colored and highly-flame resistant products result.

Dye diffusion promoting agents for aramids

Aramid and aramid-blend fabrics are dyed or flame-retardant treated or both dyed and flame-retardant treated using conventional heat dyeing equipment. Aliphatic amides capable of swelling the aramid fibers at least 1.5% and having 7 to 14 carbon atoms are used as diffusion-promoting agents for dyes, flame retardent agents or both. Odor-free, flame resistant, colored or colored and highly-flame resistant products result.

Durable press finishes are applied to cellulosic materials such as cotton by cross-linking a polycarboxylic acid within the cellulosic fibers using a cyanamide compound cross-linker devoid of phosphorus. Wrinkle-resistant, durable cellulosic materials free from formaldehyde odor result.

Formaldehyde-free textile finish

Textile fabrics such as polyester, nylon and high-tenacity nylon are continuously dyed using a non-aqueous dye composition at elevated temperatures in an air atmosphere. The non-aqueous dye composition consisting of high-boiling, nonionic solvent and a dye, is applied to the textile in an air atmosphere at a temperature below 280.degree. F. then, while the dye composition is entrained in the fabric, the fabric is heated also in an ambient atmosphere to effective dyeing. Non-reactive environments or inert temperatures are not required.

Process for rapid dyeing from entrained compositions of high-boiling

Nylon/cotton blend fabrics containing at least 40% by weight of nylon are rendered flame resistant and durable to multiple launderings in a two step process in which a THP/urea precondensate/ammonia polymer network is formed within the cotton fiber structure then durability is enhanced in a second step 1 which a flame resistant cyclic phosphonate ester and a THP salt plus urea are applied. Durability up to 50 multiple washings and continued flame resistance for these nylon/cotton blend fabrics are reported.

Flame-resistant nylon/cotton fabric and process for production thereof

Quick setting, nonaqueous melt size compositions suitable for application as a melt to textile yarns, and for later removal by solvent or aqueous means, include substantially equal amounts of an 80/20 ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer and a wax such as hydrogenated tallow intimately blended with a smaller amount of sebacic acid or dodecanedioic acid together with an amount of a nonionic surfactant to facilitate size removal.

Melt size compositions containing surfactants

Nylon/cotton fabrics are fire retarded with a flame-retardant cyclic phosphonate ester and tetrakis-(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (THPS), usually applied simultaneously, then cured. The resulting fabrics retain their flame-resistant properties after numerous machine washings and have an acceptable hand.

Flame-resistant nylon/cotton fabrics

Non-aqueous, quick setting sizing compositions suitable for application as a melt to textile yarns, and for later removal by solvent or aqueous means, characterized by substantial amounts of hydrogenated tallow-type triglyceride wax, are disclosed. The compositions may include an approximately 50:50 weight mixture of a specific class of 80/20 ethylene/acrylic acid copolymers intimately blended with an equal amount of the wax. A fatty acid amide may be included in an amount up to about 7 weight percent of the composition or from 1 to 14 weight percent sebacic acid or dodecanedioic acid, the amount of copolymer being reduced accordingly. The compositions may contain up to 62 weight percent of the wax, and rigidify at ambient temperatures.

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Greensboro, NC, United States of America

John H Hansen