Other

Macdermid Enthone Gmbh

John F Swanson

Ernest Long

Witold Paw

Fengting Xu

Lawrence M Wright

Steve Castaldi

Tyler Banker

Cherry S Santos

Upon use of an immersion tin plating solution, contaminants build in the solution, which cause the plating rate and the quality of the plated deposit to decrease. One primary contaminant, which builds in the plating solution upon use, is hydrogen sulfide, HS. If a gas is bubbled or blown through the solution, contaminants, especially hydrogen sulfide, can be effectively removed from the solution and, as a result, the high plating rate and plate quality can be restored or maintained. In this regard, any gas can be used, however, it is preferable to use a gas that will not detrimentally interact with the solution, other than to strip out contaminants. Nitrogen is particularly preferred for this purpose because it is efficient at stripping out contaminants, including hydrogen sulfide, but does not induce the oxidation of the tin ions from their divalent state to the tetravalent state, which is detrimental.

Elimination of H2S in immersion tin plating solution

A method of reducing solder mask interface attack in a process of fabricating printed circuit boards. The method comprises the steps of providing a printed circuit board with a solder mask applied thereon and treating the printed circuit board with an immersion plating solution, wherein the immersion plating solution is plated onto the printed circuit board with the use of ultrasonics in the plating bath. It has been found that the use of ultrasonics at a frequency of about 40 kHz for the entire plating duration provides beneficial results.

Method of using ultrasonics to plate silver

This invention comprises a towel warmer wherein the towel is removably mounted on a rack within a closed cabinet. The cabinet includes a heater blower mounted on the upper portion thereof and recirculating tubes on each side thereof to recirculate the warm air after it passes through the towel. The heater blower warms the circulated air and forces it downwardly into the hanging towel. The system is totally enclosed so that the operating noise is greatly reduced and the system uses only a fraction of the electric power conventionally required.

Towel warmer

A lockable gas cylinder cap system comprised of hinged upper and lower cap portions and a lockable equipment or parts holding box removably attached to the lower cap portion by a T-shaped connecting member that is slidably received in a downwardly extending slot provided in edge and sidewall of the lower cap portion. The box is provided with a hingably secured lid that includes an outwardly extending locking tab member that overlies the T-shaped connection when the lid is closed so as to be retained between the upper and lower portions of the cap when they are closed together.

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Spotsylvania, VA, United States of America

John F Swanson