Fmc Corporation

Umicore

Engel, John F.

Phillips, Richard B.

Plummer, Ernest L.

John F Engel

Conrad W Kamienski

James Anthony Schwindeman

Marina Yakovleva

Yuan Gao

Randy W Hall

Robert C Morrison

Eric J Granger

B Troy Dover

John L Burba, Iii

Thomas G Cullen

Gary A Meier

Daniel Diesburg

Clinton J Peake

Ernest L Plummer

Roderic Paul Quirk

Richard B Phillips

Scott McN Sieburth

Hugh H Wang

Brian Fitch

Kenneth Brian Fitch

Vesselin Manev

Terry L Rathman

Titus Faulkner

D Wayne Barnette

Prakash Thyaga Palepu

Kathryn A Lutomski

Carmine P DiSanzo

Philip Franklin Sims

Alan W Fritz

Angelina J Duggan

Scott M Sieburth

Anne Pautard-Cooper

Joseph M Puglis

Carmine P Di Sanzo

Michael E Leonowicz

Leslie W Stratton

Christine Jarvis

Michael Lain

Composite compounds of tin and lithium, silicon and lithium, or tin, silicon, and lithium having tin and silicon nano-dispersed in a lithium-containing matrix may be used as electrode materials and particularly anode materials for use with rechargeable batteries. Methods of making the composite compounds include the oxidation of alloys, the reaction of stabilized lithium metal powder with tin and silicon oxides, and the reaction of inorganic salts of lithium with tin and silicon containing compounds.

Composite materials of nano-dispersed silicon and tin and methods of making the same

The present invention is a secondary battery having a high specific capacity and good cycleability, and that can be used safely. The secondary battery is manufactured to include an anode formed from a host material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium in an electrochemical system such as a carbonaceous material, and lithium metal dispersed in the host material. The anodes of the invention are combined with a cathode including an active material, a separator that a separates the cathode and the anode, and an electrolyte in communication with the cathode and the anode. The present invention also includes a method of preparing an anode and a method of operating a secondary battery including the anode of the invention.

Lithium metal dispersion in secondary battery anodes

The present invention includes substantially single-phase lithium metal oxide compounds having hexagonal layered crystal structures that are substantially free of localized cubic spinel-like structural phases. The lithium metal oxides of the invention have the formula LiMAO, wherein M is one or more transition metals, A is one or more dopants having an average oxidation state N such that +2.5&#x2266;N&#x2266;+3.5, 0.90&#x2266;&#x3b1;&#x2266;1.10, and &#x3b2;+&#x3b3;=1. The present invention also includes dilithiated forms of these compounds, lithium and lithium-ion secondary batteries using these compounds as positive electrode materials, and methods of preparing these compounds.

Layered lithium metal oxides free of localized cubic spinel-like structural phases and methods of making same

The present invention includes lithium cobalt oxides having hexagonal layered crystal structures and methods of making same. The lithium cobalt oxides of the invention have the formula LiCoAOwherein 0.96&#x2266;w&#x2266;1.05, 0&#x2266;x&#x2266;0.05, &#x2212;0.02&#x2266;y&#x2266;0.02 and A is one or more dopants. The lithium cobalt oxides of the invention preferably have a position within the principal component space defined by the relationship ax+by&#x2266;c, wherein x={right arrow over (S)}&#x2022;{right arrow over (P)}; y={right arrow over (S)}&#x2022;{right arrow over (P)}; the vector {right arrow over (S)}is the x-ray spectrum for the LiCoAOcompound; the vectors {right arrow over (P)}and {right arrow over (P)}defining the principal component space are determined by measuring the x-ray powder diffraction values {right arrow over (S)}between 15&#xb0; and 120&#xb0; using a 0.02&#xb0; step size and CuK&#x3b1; rays for a large sample set of lithium cobalt oxides and using the regression of {right arrow over (S)}of the sample set against the capacity fade after 50 cycles of a lithium coin cell that includes a lithium negative electrode and the lithium cobalt oxide as the positive electrode material and that is cycled between 3.0 and 4.3V at a constant current of C/3 during both charge and discharge cycles; and the values a, b and c are determined by using only the xand yvalues for LiCoAOcompounds in the sample set that have a capacity fade after 50 cycles of less than or equal to 15%.

Lithium cobalt oxides and methods of making same

The present invention is a positive electrode active material that can be used in secondary lithium and lithium-ion batteries to provide the power capability, i.e., the ability to deliver or retake energy in short periods of time, desired for large power applications such as power tools, electric bikes and hybrid electric vehicles. The positive electrode active material of the invention includes at least one electron conducting compound of the formula LiM{A}Oand at least one electron insulating and lithium ion conducting lithium metal oxide, wherein Mis a transition metal, {A} is represented by the formula &#x3a3;wBwherein Bis an element other than Mused to replace the transition metal Mand wis the fractional amount of element Bin the total dopant combination such that &#x3a3;w=1; Bis a cation in LiM{A}O; 0.95&#x2266;x&#x2266;2.10; 0&#x2266;y&#x2266;x/2; and 1.90&#x2266;z&#x2266;4.20. Preferably, the lithium metal oxide is LiAlOor LiMOwherein Mis at least one tetravalent metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Sn, Mn, Mo, Si, Ge, Hf, Ru and Te. The present invention also includes methods of making this positive electrode active material.

Positive electrode active materials for secondary batteries and methods of preparing same

The present invention includes substantially single-phase lithium metal oxide compounds having hexagonal layered crystal structures that are substantially free of localized cubic spinel-like structural phases. The lithium metal oxides of the invention have the formula Li M A O , wherein M is one or more transition metals, A is one or more dopants having an average oxidation state N such that &plus;2.5&lE;N&lE;&plus;3.5, 0.90&lE;&agr;&lE;1.10, and &bgr;&plus;&ggr;&equals;1. The present invention also includes dilithiated forms of these compounds, lithium and lithium-ion secondary batteries using these compounds as positive electrode materials, and methods of preparing these compounds.

Method of producing layered lithium metal oxides free of localized cubic spinel-like structural phases

The present invention includes lithium cobalt oxides having hexagonal layered crystal structures and methods of making same. The lithium cobalt oxides of the invention have the formula Li Co A O wherein 0.96&lE;w&lE;1.05, 0&lE;x&lE;0.05, &minus;0.02&lE;y&lE;0.02 and A is one or more dopants. The lithium cobalt oxides of the invention preferably have a position within the principal component space defined by the relationship ax &plus;by &lE;c, wherein x &equals;{right arrow over (S)} &Circlesolid;{right arrow over (P)} ; y &equals;{right arrow over (S)} &Circlesolid;{right arrow over (P)} ; the vector {right arrow over (S)} is the x-ray spectrum for the Li Co A O compound; the vectors {right arrow over (P)} and {right arrow over (P)} defining the principal component space are determined by measuring the x-ray powder diffraction values {right arrow over (S)} between 15&deg; and 120&deg; using a 0.02&deg; step size and CuK&agr; rays for a large sample set of lithium cobalt oxides and using the regression of {right arrow over (S)} of the sample set against the capacity fade after 50 cycles of a lithium coin cell that includes a lithium negative electrode and the lithium cobalt oxide as the positive electrode material and that is cycled between 3.0 and 4.3V at a constant current of C/3 during both charge and discharge cycles; and the values a, b and c are determined by using only the x and y values for Li Co A O compounds in the sample set that have a capacity fade after 50 cycles of less than or equal to 15%.

Novel reduction compositions are prepared from an active hydride, an additive, and a Lewis base in a hydrocarbon solvent. Such compositions can provide a superior reducing system for organic substrates.

Reduction compositions and processes for making the same

The present invention includes a method of preparing secondary lithium and lithium-ion batteries with improved coulombic efficiency, improved cycling and storage performance at elevated temperatures, and lower rates of transition metal dissolution. In accordance with the present invention, the positive electrode material is thermally treated at a temperature of between 50&deg; C. and 120&deg; C. to produce a passivating film having lithium ion conductivity. The present invention also includes a secondary lithium or lithium-ion cell having positive electrode material covered with a thermally-activated thin passivating film having lithium ion conductivity and a positive electrode material formed of particles of a lithium intercalation compound with a passivating film on the surface of the particles.

Method of preliminarily heat treating positive electrodes of secondary lithium and lithium-ion Batteries and resulting positive electrodes and batteries

A process for removing a protecting group from a polymer. Protected functional groups of a polymer may be deprotected by treating the polymer in the presence of an acid catalyst, including organic acids, mineral acids, heterogeneous acid systems, Lewis acids, and fluoride ion sources.

Selected deprotection of protected functional polymers

Deprotection of protected functional polymers

A process for producing nornally liquid hydrocarbon solutions of lithium dialkylamides and lithium alkylenecycloimides, essentially free of ethers and by-product gaseous alkanes derived from C1-C4 alkyllithium compounds, comprising reacting lithium metal with a C.sub.5 to C.sub.12 secondary amine and an electron carrier compound containing at least five carbon atoms in a normally liquid hydrocarbon solvent.

Lithium dialkylamide and lithium alkylenecycloimide formulations and

A process for the preparation of hydrocarbon solutions of monofunctional ether initiators of the following general structure:

Functionalized initiators for anionic polymerization

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Belmont, NC, United States of America

John F Engel