Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

Proton Energy Systems, Inc.

Arizona Public Service Company, Inc.

Novofuel, Inc.

John F Boyle

Fred Mitlitsky

Jason K Shiepe

Blake Myers

Hassan Ariyan Obahi

Luke Thomas Dalton

John C Mullane, Jr

David J Klee

Raymond S Hobbs

David R Ruprecht

Sean H McIntosh

Norris G Lovette

Fuyuki Noguchi

Donald Bruce Karner

Barry J Halper

Xiaolei Sun

David J Cade

James C Link

A method and apparatus for producing hydrogen using an aluminum-based water-split reaction, in which water is reacted with metallic aluminum, at least one-soluble inorganic salt catalyst that causes progressive pitting of the metallic aluminum, and at least one metal oxide initiator that increases temperature upon exposure to water. The solid reactant materials are differentially distributed in a matrix relative to at least one inlet for introducing water to the matrix. The differential distribution affects at least one characteristic of the reaction, such as the rate, temperature, pressure and products of the reaction, the latter comprising one or more of hydrogen, heat and steam. The water-soluble inorganic salt catalyst may be sodium chloride, potassium chloride and combinations thereof, and the metal oxide initiator may be magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and combinations thereof. The solid reactant materials may be differentially distributed by concentrating at least one of the solid reactant materials in at least one area of the matrix relative to the inlet. One or more of the solid reactant materials may be concentrated proximate the inlet so as to achieve a rapid initial reaction upon introduction of water, or may be concentrated in defined packets at spaced apart locations within the matrix to achieve a more moderated action. The solid reactant materials may be positioned in layers arranged concentrically or spirally about the water inlet. The layers may be formed of a water permeable substrate, such as a fiber wool or mat material having the reactant materials deposited thereon. The substrate including the reactant materials may be stored in a disposable container, to which water is introduced via the inlet at the time of use.

Methods and apparatus for controlled production of hydrogen using aluminum-based water-split reactions

The present invention provides a system and method for evaluating effects of process parameters on hydrogasification processes. The system includes a hydrogasification reactor, a pressurized feed system, a hopper system, a hydrogen gas source, and a carrier gas source. Pressurized carbonaceous material, such as coal, is fed to the reactor using the carrier gas and reacted with hydrogen to produce natural gas.

Hydrogasification reactor and method of operating same

Disclosed herein are mobile hydrogen gas dispensing apparatus, and methods for dispensing hydrogen gas. In one embodiment, the mobile hydrogen gas dispensing apparatus comprises a first outlet and a second outlet. The first outlet comprises a first valve, a first hydrogen gas output port, a first nozzle, a first display panel in operable communication with the first hydrogen gas output port, and a first hose forming fluid communication between the first hydrogen output port and the first nozzle. The apparatus further comprises: an electrochemical cell disposed in fluid communication with the first outlet, and a mobile platform, wherein the first outlet and the electrochemical cell are mechanically connected to the mobile platform.

Electrochemical cell system, hydrogen dispensing apparatus, and method for dispensing hydrogen

Disclosed herein are an electrochemical system, a hydrogen gas fueling system, a cascade system, and methods for using the same. The hydrogen gas fueling system comprises a multiple-stage compressor disposed in fluid communication with a hydrogen gas source, the compressor configured to cool hydrogen gas received at a stage of the compressor, a cascade section comprising at least two hydrogen gas storage zones disposed in fluid communication with the compressor at the outlet of the compressor, and a hydrogen gas dispensing section disposed in fluid communication with the cascade section.

Hydrogen fueling system

A carbon dioxide snow generator is disclosed which has a purge conduit for controllably delivering a blast of pressurized fluid at the inner surfaces of the generator to dislodge and remove any residual or clogging deposits of carbon dioxide snow. A vapor loop for such a generator is also disclosed which provides an initial blast of relatively warm carbon dioxide gas at startup which gas entrains and removes any residual liquid before it can freeze in the apparatus.

Carbon dioxide snow generator with purging means

An improvement is provided in a process and apparatus for in-line slush making, for use in, for example, concrete cooling. The improvement comprises connecting the inlet used to convey liquid such as water to the manifold section of the lance so that its longitudinal axis forms an acute angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the inlet for introducing a cryogen into the lance. This improvement substantially eliminates failure to properly make slush due to a build-up of ice within the means used to control the flow of cryogen to the system. Additional improvements to the apparatus comprise substantially aligning the sealed head of the manifold with the longitudinal axis of the inlet for conveying the liquid to the lance to eliminate and to prevent freeze-up of the liquid in the dead space found in the 'T' lance design of the prior art.

Process and apparatus for in-line slush making for concrete cooling

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Emmaus, PA, United States of America

John F Boyle