University of Dayton

St. Clair Intellectual Property Consultants, Inc.

Other

John E Minardi

John Louis Janning

Hans J Von Ohain

Maurice O Lawson

Ival O Salyer

An optical switching device contains an active stage coupled to a passive stage. The index of refraction in the active stage is variable to change the entry direction of a light beam into the passive stage, which has a fixed index of refraction. Because the light beam can enter the passive stage at different angles, the exit direction of the light beam from the passive stage can be changed. The resulting optical switch allows switching without any mechanical components.

Multi-stage optical switching device

An optical control device allows switching of signals without mechanical components. The device includes a first member; a second member; an active stage between the first member and the second member, the active stage including an electro-optical material; a first transmission region for transmitting a first optical signal toward the first member; and a second transmission region for transmitting a second optical signal toward the second member. The index of refraction of the active stage can be varied to either reflect both the first optical signal and the second optical signal or to permit the transmission of the first optical signal and the second optical signal through the first and second member. The index of refraction can be controlled by an electric field associated with the active stage. A method for using an optical control device is also disclosed.

Optical control device and method

A router and other cutting tools with a fixed center such as drills, shapers, milling machines, etc., used for cutting wood, metal or other materials, is provided with a fence mechanism for either a table or the base of a portable tool, for rapid and easy settings of the fence with respect to the center of the cutting tool. This is accomplished by a pivot mounting of the fence on a table or on a portable tool base, with respect to a block pivoted to the table or tool base, wherein the center of the pivot for the block and the center for the pivot for the fence are on opposite sides of the cutting tool and located on a line which passes through the tool center and the respective pivot locations. The desired spacing of the fence to the tool can be achieved using accurate spacers between the fence and the block, even with the tool being mounted in place. A curved slot in the fence structure, of predetermined shape and location with respect to the tool center, can be provided to receive a follower pin extending from the table and function as the fence pivot. The disclosure teaches how to develop such a curved guiding slot. A setup gage plate is also provided, with incrementally spaced holes to receive a post and cooperate with the pivoting fence to set the spatial relationship between the fence face and the bit.

Pivoted fence with locating post

A router and other cutting tools with a fixed center such as drills, shapers, milling machines, etc., used for cutting wood, metal or other materials, is provided with a fence mechanism for either a table or the base of a portable tool, for rapid and easy settings of the fence with respect to the center of the cutting tool. This is accomplished by a pivot mounting of the fence on a table or on a portable tool base, with respect to a block pivoted to the table or tool base, wherein the center of the pivot for the block and the center for the pivot for the fence are on opposite sides of the cutting tool and located on a line which passes through the tool center and the respective pivot locations. The desired spacing of the fence to the tool can be achieved using accurate spacers between the fence and the block, even with the tool being mounted in place. When used on a table, a curved slot in the table top, of predetermined shape and location with respect to the tool center, can be provided to receive a follower pin extending from the fence and function to move the fence in fence centered motion. The disclosure teaches how to develop such a curved guiding slot.

A gas turbine having internal cooling and method of operating the same includes the bypassing of a portion of the cool air from the compressor section into the turbine section along the suction side of the turbine blades while maintaining stable flow conditions in which there is relatively low intermixing between the cool airflow on the suction side and the hot gases on the pressure side.

Internal bypass gas turbine engines with blade cooling

Apparatus is disclosed of transferring energy into a flow of air without use of rotating parts, in which an inlet flow of air is made to swirl into a first circular path moving longitudinally of a housing, heat is added to the inlet flow of air at the end of the first path to produce hot gases, and the hot gases are directed into a second swirling circular path coaxially of and within the first path and having an open interface therewith, whereby energy is transferred from the hot gases in the second path into the inlet flow of air in the first path. An embodiment of the apparatus is disclosed in the form of a fluid mass reaction engine having an annular housing (11) including an inlet (10) thereinto and an outlet (38) therefrom, a combustion chamber (25) in the housing spaced from the inlet, spaced coaxial openings into and out of the combustion chamber, and a means for heating air flowing through said combustion chamber. A first swirling device (14) acts on air entering the inlet to produce a circular flow of air moving into the combustion chamber and having a substantial component of centrifugal velocity, a second swirling means (30) acts on hot gases flowing out of the combustion chamber to produce a swirling flow of hot gases within the incoming circular flow of air moving toward said housing inlet and having also a substantial component of centrifugal velocity. A means (32) for directing the hot gases leaving the interface to the housing outlet, and a means (35) upstream of the housing outlet for changing the swirling flow of hot gases into an essentially linear gas flow, provide a motive reaction jet passing through the housing outlet.

Hot gas flow generator with no moving parts

A method is disclosed of transferring energy into a flow of air without use of rotating parts, in which an inlet flow of air is made to swirl into a first circular path moving longitudinally of a housing, heat is added to the inlet flow of air at the end of the first path to produce hot gases, and the hot gases are directed into a second swirling circular path coaxially of and within the first path and having an open interface therewith, whereby energy is transferred from the hot gases in the second path into the inlet flow of air in the first path. An embodiment of the method is disclosed in the form of a fluid mass reaction engine having an annular housing including an inlet thereinto and an outlet therefrom, a combustion chamber in the housing spaced from the inlet, spaced coaxial openings into and out of the combustion chamber, and a means for heating air flowing through said combustion chamber. A first swirling device acts on air entering the inlet to produce a circular flow of air moving into the combustion chamber and having a substantial component of centrifugal velocity, a second swirling means acts on hot gases flowing out of the combustion chamber to produce a swirling flow of hot gases within the incoming circular flow of air moving toward said housing inlet and having also a substantial component of centrifugal velocity. A means for directing the hot gases leaving the interface to the housing outlet, and a means upstream of the housing outlet for changing the swirling flow of hot gases into an essentially linear gas flow, provide a motive reaction jet passing through the housing outlet.

Energy is extracted from a high-temperature high-pressure working fluid by augmenting flow of the working fluid with a flow of gas having a molecular weight less than the fluid, utilizing some of the energy from the working fluid to induce addition and mixture of the gas in an ejector creating a flow of the mixed fluids having a greater mass and lower temperature than the initial flow of working fluid and supplying the mixed fluids to a turbine which converts the energy in the mixed fluids into mechanical energy. The exhausted fluids are separated and at least the augmenting gas is recycled to the ejector. The gas is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, air, water vapor, or an organic compound having a molecular weight less than the working fluid, and the working fluid is selected from the group consisting of an inorganic element, an inorganic compound, or a fluorocarbon.

Rankine cycle ejector augmented turbine engine

A solar energy collector having a transparent pane(s) with a flowing 'black' liquid medium to absorb the solar energy directly. The specific apparatus comprises in a general embodiment a tubing of various planar configuration to provide a flat surface. Alternative embodiments include the free flow of a black liquid over a flat surface. Other structure is described for heat retention and environmental control. The black liquids have a high rate of absorption to solar energy.

Growing community of inventors

Dayton, OH, United States of America

John E Minardi