Albright & Wilson Limited

Tenneco Chemicals, Inc.

John Desmond Collins

Iftikhar Hussain Siddiqui

Harold Coates

Donald A Wood

Samuel Hoch

Mario Q Ceprini

Trevor E Jones

Douglas N Collins

Ores of metal oxides and oxide-like compounds such as chromite and pyrochlore are beneficiated by froth flotation in the presence of substituted amino phosphonic acids or salts thereof.

Ore flotation

Organotin esters from acid esters of di or poly carboxylic acids are made by mixing base an organotin halide and the acid ester in the presence of water, and reacting to form the organotin ester, the amount of base and acid ester being to provide 0.9-1.3 equivalents and at least 0.9 equivalents respectively per g. atom of halogen in the organotin halide, and the conditions being such as not to cause substantial hydrolysis, and the progressive mixing of base with organotin halide or acid ester being not later than the mixing of organotin halide and acid ester.

Process for preparing organotin esters

Organotin esters from acid esters of di or poly carboxylic acids are made by adding a base to a mixture of an organotin halide and the acid ester in the presence of water, and reacting to form the organotin ester, the amount of base and acid ester being to provide 0.9-1.3 equivalents and at least 0.9 equivalents respectively per g. atom of halogen in the organotin halide, and the conditions being such as not to cause substantial hydrolysis.

Tricycloalkyltin chlorides e.g. tricyclohexyltin chlorides, which may be converted to the fungicide tricyclohexyl hydroxide, are made by reacting an organic tricycloalkyltin, in which the organic is not cycloalkyl and cycloalkyl is optionally substituted cyclohexyl, with organic tin trihalide.

Process for preparing organotin compounds

Tricycloalkyltin halides, e.g. tricyclohexyltin chloride, which is an intermediate for making the biocide tricyclohexyl tin hydroxide, are made by adding a solution of the cyclo alkyl magnesium halide in an ether to a solution of stannic halide in a liquid diluent, the weight percentage of stannic halide to diluent being less than 25%.

Process for preparing organotin halides

Novel organotin compounds exhibit the general formula ##STR1## where R and R.sub.1 are individually selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 and C.sub.12 alkyl groups, cycloalkyl radicals and phenyl radicals; X is a group of the formula ##STR2## wherein R' is a hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, or phenyl group;

Organotin compounds

##EQU1## where x, x', y and y' are 1 - 6, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are C.sub.1.sub.-12 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aromatic or aralkyl hydrocarbyl, R.sub.4 and R.sub.9 are as defined for R.sub.1 or are C.sub.13.sub.-21 alkyl, C.sub.2.sub.-20 alkenyl or substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl, R.sub.3, R.sub.5, R.sub.8 and R.sub.10 are as defined for R.sub.4 or are hydrogen or a pair of R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 or R.sub.8 and R.sub.10 together with the carbon atom to which they are joined form a cycloalkyl ring and R.sub.11 is an aliphatic radical of 2-12 carbon atoms having CH and optionally O and/or S in COC, ##EQU2## or --CSC-- groups, or optionally substituted cyclohexylene or phenylene.

Organotin compounds with low tin content suitable as stabilizers for halogen containing resins e.g. polyvinyl chloride are of formula ##EQU1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are C.sub.1-20 alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl groups, Q.sub.1 represents a radical selected from the group consisting of ##EQU2## Q.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group containing between 1 and 6 carbon atoms or the group --CH.sub.2 Z.sub.3.

Novel diorganotin maleate half esters and process for preparing same

Organotin compounds of formula ##EQU1## where a is 0 or 1, x, x', y and y' are 1-6, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are C.sub.1-12 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aromatic or aralkyl hydrocarbyl, R.sub.4 and R.sub.9 are as defined for R.sub.1 or are C.sub.13-21 alkyl, C.sub.2-21 alkenyl or substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl, R.sub.3, R.sub.5, R.sub.8 and R.sub.10 are as defined for R.sub.4 or are hydrogen or a pair of R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 or R.sub.8 together with the carbon atom to which they are joined forms a cycloalkyl ring and X is O or S, are stabilizers for halogen containing resins, especially PVC.

An ester, which is a costabiliser of mono ordi organotin stabilisers for halogen containing resins, is of formula ##EQU1## wherein x and y are 1-6, R.sub.4 and R.sub.9 are alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or optionally substituted aromatic aralkyl or aralkenyl hydrocarbyl group, R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 are as R.sub.4 or R.sub.9 or is hydrogen or R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 form a cycloalkyl ring. The organotin stabilisers are carboxylates, mercapto carboxylates, carboxylate ester from diacids, sulphides, mercaptides or thiostannoic acids.

Esters and mixtures thereof with organotin compounds useful as polymer

Organothiotin compounds with low tin content suitable as stabilizers for halogen containing resins e.g. polyvinyl chloride, are of formula R.sub.1 R.sub.2 Sn(X) -- SC.sub.m H.sub.2m S -- (Y)SnR.sub.1 R.sub.2, where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are C.sub.1-20 alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl, m is 1-8, X and Y are of formula --OCOCH = CHCOOCH.sub.2 Q.sub.1, --S(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOCH.sub.2 Q.sub.1, or --OOC(CH.sub.2).sub.n S -- CH.sub.3 S(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOR.sub.5 SR.sub.4, OCOCH = CHCOOR.sub.5 or S(CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOR.sub.5, where Q.sub.1 is --C(Q.sub.2)(CH.sub.2 Z).sub.2, where Q.sub.2 is H, C.sub.1-6 alkyl or CH.sub.2 Z, Z is OOCR.sub.3 OOC(CH.sub.2).sub.n SR.sub.4, --OOCR.sub.6 COOR.sub.5 or a pair of Z is --OOC(CH.sub.2).sub.a S CHR.sub.3 S(CH.sub.2).sub.n COO--, R.sub.3 is C.sub.1-20 alkyl optionally substituted phenyl or alkylphenyl or if two R.sub.3 groups are present in the molecule, they may constitute a single bond between the carbon atoms immediately adjacent to said R.sub.3 radicals, C.sub.1-20 alkylene, C.sub.2-20 alkenylene or optionally substituted phenylene, R.sub.4 is C.sub.1-20 alkyl, optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl or two groups R.sub.4 are optionally substituted C.sub.1-20 alkylene, C.sub.2-20 alkenylene or C.sub.5-6 cycloalkylene, R.sub.5 is C.sub.1-20 alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl or alkylphenyl or if two R.sub.5 groups are present, these may be bonded together to form a C.sub.1-20 alkylene radical, R.sub.6 is a single bond, C.sub.1-20 alkylene or C.sub.2-20 alkenylene, n and a are 1-6.

Novel stabilized polymer compositions

Organotin compounds with low tin content suitable as stabilizers for halogen containing resins e.g. polyvinyl chloride are of formula ##EQU1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are C.sub.1.sub.-20 alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl, Q.sub.1 is of formula --C(CH.sub.2 Z).sub.2 Q.sub.2, wherein Q.sub.2 is H, C.sub.1.sub.-6 alkyl or CH.sub.2 Z, and each Z is ##EQU2## or a pair of Z is ##EQU3## R.sub.3 is C.sub.1.sub.-20 alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, or alkylphenyl or if two R.sub.3 groups are present in the molecule, they may constitute a single bond between the carbon atoms immediately adjacent to said R.sub.3 radicals, C.sub.1.sub.-20 alkylene C.sub.2.sub.-20 alkenylene or optionally substituted phenylene, R.sub.4 is C.sub.1.sub.-20 alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl (C.sub.1.sub.-6) alkyl or two groups R.sub.4 are optionally phenyl substituted C.sub.1.sub.-20 alkylene or C.sub.2.sub.-20 alkenylene or C.sub.5.sub.-6 cycloalkylene R.sub.5 is C.sub.1.sub.-20 alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl or alkylphenyl or if two R.sub.5 groups are present, these may be bonded together to form a C.sub.1.sub.-20 alkylene radical or a substituted phenylene radical, R.sub.6 is a single bond, C.sub.1.sub.-20 alkylene, or C.sub.2.sub.-20 alkeynylene, n alkenylene, 1-6 and Y is ##EQU4## or Y and OCOCH = CHOOCH.sub.2 Q.sub.1 are together (OCOCH = CHCOOCH.sub.2).sub.2 C(CH.sub.2 Z)Q.sub.2.

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John Desmond Collins