Mobil Oil Corporation

Other

John C Zahner

Hans-Juergen Schoennagel

Hartley Owen

Clarence D Chang

Paul B Weisz

Anthony J Silvestri

Richard G Graven

Dietmar R Fremuth

Alan E Rogers

James H Haddad

Sergei Yurchak

Joe E Penick

Mark S Ross

Solomon M Jacob

A shoe soil removing device that includes a hollow housing, a manifold, a motor, and low pressure apparatus. The hollow housing has a hollow housing open top. The manifold is disposed within the hollowing housing and has a manifold open top. The motor is disposed within the hollow housing. And the low pressure apparatus creates a low pressure area at the motor so that an air flow can be established from the hollow housing open top to the motor.

Foot vacuum

A process for introducing exothermic reactant vapor stream to an adiabatic catalyst zone comprising the steps of: preheating a volatile liquid exothermic reactant stream below its autogenous temperature under process pressure; contacting the preheated liquid reactant stream in a saturator unit with a hot diluent gas to vaporize the reactant stream in gaseous mixture with the diluent stream; directing the gaseous mixture from the saturator unit to the catalyst zone for exothermic conversion of the reactant under substantially adiabatic reaction conditions in the presence of diluent gas; recovering reaction products and diluent gas from the catalyst zone; separating diluent gas from the products, compressing and recycling the diluent gas to the saturator unit. Methods and apparatus are provided for use in a continuous catalytic MTG process for making gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons exothermically from a methanol-containing reactant stream diluted with a methane-rich recycle gas stream by contacting the diluted feedstock with a fixed bed of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst having a silica to alumina ratio of at least 12 and a constraint index of about 1 to 12 in an adiabatic reaction zone at elevated temperature and pressure. The improved MTG system includes contacting compressed recycle gas with preheated liquid feedstock at a temperature substantially below the autogenous temperature of methanol under process conditions to vaporize methanol into the recycle gas stream, thereby providing methanol vapor tot he catalyst bed only in the presence of diluent gas. The recycle gas may be contacted with the liquid feedstock in a counter-current vertical tower operatively connected through an upper gas outlet to the reaction zone and wherein liquid feedstock flows downwardly under gravity through a saturation zone.

Methanol-gas saturator for catalytic conversion system

Disclosed is a process and apparatus for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC). Output of an FCC riser feeds a riser cyclone. A downstream end of the riser and the riser cyclone are located within a reactor vessel (disengaging vessel) having sidewalls. Cracked hydrocarbons in the output pass from the riser into a riser cyclone and discharge from the reactor vessel without being added to a reactor vessel atmosphere. A stripper cap divides the reactor vessel atmosphere into upper and lower portions. The stripper cap and a lower portion of the reactor vessel sidewalls define a stripping zone. A riser cyclone dipleg extends through an opening in the stripper cap into the stripping zone. A chimney vent conduit is provided for conducting stripped hydrocarbons out of the stripping zone without being added to the atmosphere of the reactor vessel above the stripper cap.

Vented stripper section for a fluid catalytic cracking unit apparatus

A continuous reactor system useful for treating petroleum oil in a multi-phase fixed bed catalytic reactor comprising a system for:

Catalytic reactor with liquid recycle

A process for introducing a exothermic reactant vapor stream to an adiabatic catalyst zone comprising the steps of: preheating a volatile liquid exothermic reactant stream below its autogenous temperature under process pressure; contacting the preheated liquid reactant stream in a saturator unit with a hot diluent gas to vaporize the reactant stream in gaseous mixture with the diluent stream; directing the gaseous mixture from the saturator unit to the catalyst zone for exothermic conversion of the reactant under substantially adiabatic reaction conditions in the presence of diluent gas; recovering reaction products and diluent gas from the catalyst zone; separating diluent gas from the products, compressing and recycling the diluent gas to the saturator unit. Methods and apparatus are provided for use in a continuous catalytic MTG process for making gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons exothermically from a methanol-containing reactant stream diluted with a methane-rich recycle gas stream by contacting the diluted feedstock with a fixed bed of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst in an adiabatic reaction zone at elevated temperature and pressure. The recycle gas may be contacted with the liquid feedstock in a counter-current vertical tower operatively connected through an upper gas outlet to the reaction zone and wherein liquid feedstock flows downwardly under gravity through a saturation zone.

A continuous process and system is provided for a petroleum oil in a multi-phase fixed bed catalytic reactor column comprising methods and means for:

Fixed bed catalytic reactor system with improved liquid distribution

Disclosed is a method and apparatus for conversion of LPG hydrocarbons into distillate fuels by integrating LPG dehydrogenation with catalytic oligomerization and recovering the distillates produced. The described method and apparatus may comprise an H.sub.2 separation zone, wherein a lean oil stream contacts a dehydrogenation effluent stream to produce a C.sub.3.sup.+ rich liquid stream to feed oligomerization. An energy efficient separation zone comprising dual debutanizers is disclosed. In addition, a method and apparatus is disclosed for a fluid bed dehydrogenation reactor zone using an FCC catalyst contaminated with a metal, such as nickel and/or vanadium.

Conversion of LPG hydrocarbons into distillate fuels using an integral

A process and apparatus for direct coking of tar sands which includes contacting the tar sand with heat transfer particles resulting from combustion of coked sand effluent from the coking process, and transporting the combination up a riser/mixer to a coking vessel whereby separation of oil and hydrocarbon gases from the sand is initiated. The tar sand is introduced into a fluid coking vessel which has at least two coking zones. The first coking zone is substantially at the top of the vessel whereas the second coking zone is immediately below the first coking zone and includes a stream of hot spent sand so that a more severe coking temperature is present in the second coking zone. A product stream of oil and light hydrocarbon gases, recovered from the riser/mixer and coking process, is directed to a separator located above said coking vessel in which the heavy oil is removed and preferably directed to the second coking zone.

Combination fluid bed dry distillation and coking process for oil/tar

A methanol-to-gasoline conversion process in which the conversion is conducted in a number of reactors which are fed directly by the charge, preferably in equal proportions. A diluent gas, preferably recycled light hydrocarbons separated from the product, is passed in sequence through each of the beds to carry away the heat of reaction. In this way, a high effective recycle ratio is maintained in each bed although the actual recycle ratio for the entire system is low.

Conversion of methanol to gasoline

A process for the catalytic devolatilization of coal is disclosed wherein a selected mixture of preheated coal particles and hot catalyst solids is contacted with a gaseous material such as steam and/or a hydrogen-containing gas to form a high temperature suspension in a riser reactor to obtain a high initial rate of heat transfer from high temperature catalyst particles to coal particles thereby promoting high yields of devolatilized liquid hydrocarbon product. Morever, the quality of the devolatilized material is improved by the hot catalytic solids which either convert devolatilized tars and phenols to more desirable products or prevent tar and phenol formation by catalytic interception of the initial products devolatilized from the coal. Char produced by this devolatilization technique is particularly suited for subsequent gasification and other use.

Coal conversion

This invention provides an improved process for deriving liquid fuels from coal which involves the steps of (1) solubilizing coal in a FCC residual oil to form a solvated coal solution phase and an ash solids phase; (2) subject the two phase admixtureto FCC conversion conditions; (3) separating and recovering a hydrocarbon phase and a catalyst-ash solids phase in a catalyst-ash solids phase; (4) treating the catalyst-ash solids phase in a catalyst regeneration zone, and removing entrained ash solids from the flue gas effluent of the catalyst regeneration zone; and (5) fractioning the hydrocarbon phase to recover liquid fuel products.

Conversion of coal into liquid fuels

The conversion of alcohols and ethers to gasoline boiling constituents with HZSM-5 catalyst in a fluid catalyst system is arranged for reactant plug flow wherein the reaction temperature is controlled by the heat of vaporization of liquid reactant charged to the reactor. Vaporization of the reactant with recycled catalyst in acceptable ratios restricts reaction temperatures to within acceptable limits.

Conversion of liquid alcohols and ethers with a fluid mass of ZSM-5 type

A method and system for cracking hydrocarbons with distinct fluid catalyst particles differing in activity, selectivity and physical characteristics is described wherein a common catalyst regeneration system is employed which will measurably contribute to the heat requirements of the operation as well as the activity/selectivity characteristics of the catalyst employed. Except for size, the catalysts upon make-up may have different or identical catalytic characteristics. However, upon contact with a particular hydrocarbon stream, such as vacuum resid, the selectivity and coke producing characteristics of the catalysts may be altered.

Method and system for effecting catalytic cracking of high boiling

This invention provides an improved process for deriving liquid fuels from coal which involves the steps of (1) solubilizing coal in a FCC residual oil to form a solvated coal solution phase and an ash solids phase; (2) subjecting the two phase admixture to FCC conversion conditions; (3) separating and recovering a hydrocarbon phase and a catalyst-ash solids phase; (4) treating the catalyst-ash solids phase in a catalyst regeneration zone, and removing entrained ash solids from the flue gas effluent of the catalyst regeneration zone; and (5) fractionating the hydrocarbon phase to recover liquid fuel products.

Natural gas of low heating value, high CO.sub.2 content, is converted to valuable products by the combination process of steam reforming the desulfurized gas, subjecting the effluent of the steam reformer to a water gas shift reaction and converting the resultant carbon dioxide, the unreacted carbon monoxide and hydrogen to liquid product useful as fuel, e.g. methanol. In a preferred embodiment, the gas phase separated from the liquid fuel products is processed to provide a gas sufficiently rich in carbon dioxide for use in tertiary recovery of petroleum from natural reservoirs which have produced the quantity of oil available by natural drive.

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Princeton, NJ, United States of America

John C Zahner