Eveready Battery Company, Inc.

Other

United States of America as Represented by the Secretary of the Air Force

Union Carbide Corporation

John C Nardi

Lowell A King

Charles L Hussey

Wendi M Swierbut

Dale R Getz

Robert F Scarr

John K Erbacher

Armand A Fannin, Jr

Edwin T Russell

Harry R Huhndorff

Ronald A Carpio

James C Hunter

An electrochemical cell having a cathode containing an expanded graphite as an electrically conductive carbon material. To provide enhanced service performance in the cell, the expanded graphite has a kerosene absorption in the range of 2.2 to 3.5 ml/g, an average particle size of 17 to 32 micrometers, a d value of 40 to 85 micrometers, and an average surface area-to-mass ratio of at least 18 m /g. A method is also provided for determining an optimum expanded graphite including the steps of measuring physical characteristics of the expanded graphite determining the performance of a cell containing the expanded graphite in the positive electrode, and determining the optimum expanded graphite for use in the cell.

Alkaline cell having a cathode incorporating enhanced graphite

A cathode for use in an electrochemical cell having an anode and an electrolyte. The cathode includes a manganese dioxide active material and a titanate additive which includes at least one of SrTiO.sub.3 or CoTiO.sub.3. The cathode of the present invention is particularly adapted for use in an electrochemical cell having a zinc anode and an alkaline electrolyte.

Alkaline cell having a cathode including a titanate additive

A current collector assembly for an electrochemical cell is made by inserting an elongated current collector with identically shaped ends, such as a rod, into a seal body such that a minor amount of the current collector passes through the seal body.

Process for producing a current collector assembly for an

A cathode for use in an electrochemical cell having an anode and an electrolyte. The cathode includes a manganese dioxide active material and an additive which includes at least one of SnO.sub.2, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 -TiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2 (P-25), BaTiO.sub.3, K.sub.2 TiO.sub.3, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, or SnO. The cathode of the present invention is particularly adapted for use in an electrochemical cell having a zinc anode and an alkaline electrolyte.

Cathodes for electrochemical cells having additives

A cathode for use in an electrochemical cell having an anode and an electrolyte. The cathode includes a manganese dioxide active material and a titanate additive which includes at least one of BaTiO.sub.3 or K.sub.2 TiO.sub.3. The cathode of the present invention is particularly adapted for use in an electrochemical cell having a zinc anode and an alkaline electrolyte.

A cathode for use in an electrochemical cell having an anode and an electrolyte. The cathode includes a manganese dioxide active material and an additive which includes SnO.sub.2. The cathode of the present invention is particularly adapted for use in an electrochemical cell having a zinc anode and an alkaline electrolyte.

Alkaline cell having a cathode including a tin dioxide additive

Alkaline cells are substantially free of mercury, and employ a zinc anode gel, which gel has a which expansion of less than 25% after being discharged for 161 minutes to 15% depth of discharge at 2.88A.

Alkaline cells that are substantially free of mercury

Alkaline cells are substantially free of mercury, employ a zinc anode and do not exhibit leakage after discharge through an electrical resistor to 1.2 volts and then stored under storage conditions of 21.degree. C. for ninety days.

Anode current collectors for electrochemical cells are burnished in a solution containing soluble indium ions.

Process for burnishing anode current collectors

The invention relates to an alkaline zinc cell that uses a conductive anode current collector comprising a conductive substrate, such as a copper-zinc alloy substrate, and wherein the surface of the substrate is coated with a lead-containing layer containing a discontinuous dispersion of lead to effectively reduce gassing at the surface of the anode current collector during storage of the cell.

Coated anode current collector for alkaline cells

The invention relates to an alkaline cell that uses a lead-containing conductive anode current collector alloy, such as a copper-zinc-lead alloy current collector to effectively reduce gassing at the surface of the anode current collector during storage.

Lead-containing anode current collector for alkaline cells

A novel form of manganese dioxide is produced by heat treating lambda-manganese dioxide at a temperature of between about 250.degree. C. and about 400.degree. C. This manganese dioxide possesses an x-ray diffraction pattern indicating peaks at 3.11, 2.41, 2.11, 1.62, 1.56, 1.43 and 1.31 angstroms, and exhibits desirable electrochemical activity.

Manganese dioxide and process for the production thereof

A room temperature electrolyte comprising a fused salt mixture of aluminum trichloride and an alkyl pyridinium chloride wherein the alkyl radical is selected from the group consisting of ethyl, methyl, 1-propyl and 1-butyl radicals.

AlCl.sub.3 /1-alkyl pyridinium chloride room temperature electrolytes

A thermally activated reserve battery operable within a temperature range of about 165.degree. to 250.degree. C and composed of a lithium-aluminum alloy anode, a molybdenum pentachloride cathode and a separating electrolyte composed of sodium tetrachloroaluminate.

Molybdenum chloride-tetrachloroaluminate thermal battery

A method for preparing alkyl pyridinium chlorides by effecting a direct reaction between the corresponding alkyl chloride and pyridine.

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Brunswick, OH, United States of America

John C Nardi