Other

Yale University

Analytica of Branford, Inc.

Ocugenics, LLC

John Bennett Fenn

Chin-Kai Meng

Matthias Mann

Craig M Whitehouse

Joseph J Bango

Masamichi Yamashita

Michael Dziekan

Michael J Labowsky

Stephen Douglas Fuerstenau

Shida Shen

Randall F Fuerst

Cawthon Smith

A method and means of providing stromal repair and improved refractive correction by creating corneal stromal collagen tissue with fibril diameter and spacing that duplicates the optical transmission and diffusion characteristics of natural corneal collagen. The repair method includes implanting the collagen scaffold during laser corneal ablation or other interlamellar surgery to improve visual acuity or to preclude the possibility of ectasia.

Method for stromal corneal repair and refractive alteration

A method and means of providing an improved refractive correction contact lens which increases user comfort, retards protein and lipid deposition, and can be utilized for pharmaceutical delivery. The invention discloses a technique for creating polymer fibril diameters and spacing that duplicates the optical transmission and diffusion characteristics of natural corneal collagen.

Fabrication of improved contact lens utilizing polymer electrospinning

Sample liquid is supplied to the ion source of an Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometer (ESIMS) by capillarity induced flow through a wick element comprising a permeable porous aggregate of fibers or particles of material that is wetted by the sample liquid. This method of liquid introduction eliminates the need for pumps of pressurized gas to drive the flow. It also makes possible the convenient extraction of a representative sample from a stream of liquid flowing at any rate, no matter how large.

Method and apparatus for electrospray ionization

The present invention is a new composition of matter, which is a population of multiply charged ions, formed by dispersing a solution containing an analyte into a bath gas as highly charged droplets. The analyte is generally a compound of high molecular weight and is of biochemical interest. Additionally, the invention is a method for calculating the molecular weight of the analyte from the measured mass values of the highly charged ions.

Multiply charged ions and method for determining the molecular weight of

This invention describes the production of mass spectra which contain a multiplicity of peaks. The component ions of these peaks, which are multiply charged, are formed by dispersing a solution containing an analyte into a bath gas as highly charged droplets. The analyte is generally a compound of high molecular weight and is of biochemical interest. The invention also describes methods for calculating the molecular weight of the analyte from the measured mass values of the highly charged ions.

Composition of matter of a population of multiply charged ions derived

A production of mass spectra which contain a multiplicity of peaks. The component ions of these peaks, which are multiply charged, are formed by dispersing a solution containing an analyte into a bath gas as highly charged droplets. The analyte is generally a compound of high molecular weight and is of biochemical interest. The methods calculate the molecular weight of the analyte from the measured mass values of the highly charged ions.

Method for determining molecular weight using multiply charged ions

An electrospray mass spectrometric method for analyzing an aqueous solution containing inorganic ion species first enhances the signals for small inorganic ions in electrospray mass spectrometric analysis of aqueous solutions by substantially diluting a sample of the aqueous solution with an organic solvent. The method also removes solvent molecules and other ligands from the small inorganic ions formed in electrospray ionization before mass analysis is complete, by appropriate application of electric fields to accelerate the ions so they will have energetic collisions with neutral gas molecules.

Method for detection and analysis of inorganic ions in aqueous solutions

The subject invention teaches the use of mechanical vibration to enhance the electrostatic dispersion of sample solutions into the small, highly charged droplets that can produce ions of solute species for mass spectrometric analysis. Such vibration turns out to be surprisingly effective at ultrasonic frequencies for solutions with flow rates, conductivities and surface tensions too high for stable dispersion by electrostatic forces alone as in conventional electrospray ionization. Several embodiments of the invention are described for purposes of illustration. Other possible embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art.

Method and apparatus for improving electrospray ionization of solute

This invention describes the production of mass spectra which contain a multiplicty of peaks. The component ions of these peaks, which are multiply charged, are formed by dispersing a solution containing an analyte into a bath gas as highly charged droplets. The analyte is generally a compound of high molecular weight and is of biochemical interest. The invention also describes methods for calculating the molecular weight of the analyte from the measured mass values of the highly charged ions.

Method of producing multiply charged ions and for determining molecular

A method of changing the energy of charged particles contained in a gas comprises allowing the gas to flow into a region of reduced pressure through a tube like member so that viscous forces exerted on the charged particles by the flowing gas molecules determine the kinetic energy of the charged particles. A potential gradient is maintained along the length of the tube so that the potential energy of the charged particles is changed as they pass through the tube. At the end of the tube a free jet expansion occurs so that the kinetic energy of the charged particles is no longer determined by the flowing gas, so that they can be accelerated to any desired kinetic energy by means of another potential gradient. The invention can be used to interface any high pressure ion source to a magnetic sector mass spectrometer, or to permit the operation of an electrospray ion source with an earthed inlet capillary with either a quadrupole or a magnetic sector mass spectrometer.

Process and apparatus for changing the energy of charged particles

An electrospray ion source for a mass spectrometer capable of generating ions from samples dissolved in a solution comprises a capillary tube through which the said solution is pumped into a first chamber maintained substantially at atmospheric pressure and in which an inert gas is flowing in a direction counter to the flow of the solution, and a small orifice in the end wall of the chamber opposite to and aligned with the capillary. A high potential difference is applied between the capillary and the end wall so that the solution is electrosprayed into the chamber and ions characteristic of the sample are formed. These ions are desolvated to a controllable extent by the inert gas, which may also be heated to improve the efficiency of the process and increase the maximum permissible flow rate of solution. The ions so formed pass through the small orifice into a second chamber maintained at a reduced pressure, and into a mass spectrometer. Alternatively an additional pressure reduction stage can be included, so that the ions pass into a third chamber maintained at a still lower pressure in which the mass spectrometer is situated through a conventional nozzle and skimmer arrangement. The ion source is particularly effective for the production of unfragmented and unsolvated ions from thermally unstable or involatile samples, and may be used as a liquid chromatograph--mass spectrometer interface.

Growing community of inventors

Branford, CT, United States of America

John Bennett Fenn