The Perkin-elmer Corporation

Verutek Technologies, Inc.

Ethical Solutions, LLC

The United States of America As Represented by the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Kollmorgen Corporation

Needlebot Incorporated

Verutek, Inc.

Stayhealthy, Inc.

John B Collins

George Edward Hoag

Rajender S Varma

Mallikarjuna N Nadagouda

Douglas K Anderson

Stuart Donnelly

Can Deniz Akyuz

Marc L Salit

George E Kisslak

Richard J Knapp

Ewa M Pruszkowski

Zoe A Grosser

Charles E Wuest

Jerome Verlin

Jeffrey T Ayers

George E Hoag

Shin-Yuan Yu

Robin Taylor

James Reynolds

Colin K Hill

Jeffrey Flammer

Georg E Hoag

Methods and compositions for removing contaminants from soil and groundwater by extracting the contaminants and assisting the extraction by provision of an oxidant introduced prior to or simultaneously with a surfactant into the subsurface. Extractable contaminant can be extracted from the subsurface. The amount and/or distribution of contaminant in the subsurface can be characterized. The extracting of contaminant and the introducing of oxidant and surfactant can be coordinated to reduce contaminant to a target amount. A portion of the contaminant can be oxidizable.

Method for extraction and surfactant enhanced subsurface contaminant recovery

A method of using a fluid formulation for increasing flow, production, or recovery of oil and gas hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation. Components including a peroxygen, surfactant, alkali metal chelate, and a cosolvent into a hydrocarbon bearing subterranean formation having a blockage or accumulation of material. Oxygen or carbon dioxide gas is generated by decomposition of the peroxygen which creates gas pressure in the formation. The formed gas pressure mobilizes, degrades, removes, releases, realigns or redistributes the material causing the blockage or accumulation physically. The aggregate pH of the components is less than about 10 or a concentration of alkali metal chelate is greater than about 0.2% and less than about 5% by weight of non-water components.

Compositions and methods for enhanced hydrocarbon recovery

A method for in-situ reduction of contaminants in soil.

Soil remediation method and composition

The present invention relates to methods of making and using and compositions of metal nanoparticles formed by green chemistry synthetic techniques. For example, the present invention relates to metal nanoparticles formed with solutions of plant extracts and use of these metal nanoparticles in removing contaminants from soil and groundwater and other contaminated sites. In some embodiments, the invention comprises methods of making and using compositions of metal nanoparticles formed using green chemistry techniques.

Green synthesis of nanometals using plant extracts and use thereof

A method of locating relevant documents wherein documents are given a fingerprint comprising weights associated with particular topic categories of a classification system, each weight representing a degree to which the document relates to the particular topic category, a first piece of text is identified and given a fingerprint comprising a list of other weights associated with similar topic categories, the other weights representing a degree to which the first piece of text relates to the particular topic category. All or a portion of the universe of documents is searched by comparing the fingerprint for the first piece of text with the fingerprint for each document. You select those documents whose fingerprints have a predetermined degree of mathematical overlap with the fingerprint of the first piece of text. A user fingerprint of the user's recently accessed texts can be used in place of the first piece of text.

Method of searching text to find relevant content

Methods of decreasing the amount of one or more contaminants in contaminated soil comprise introducing polymer-coated nanoparticles into the contaminated soil, optionally with other reagents. The polymer-coated nanoparticles exhibit an enhanced ability to migrate through the soil and provide greater control of the rate of activation of other chemicals, such as oxidants, in the contaminated soil.

Polymer coated nanoparticle activation of oxidants for remediation and methods of use thereof

A system and a method for preventing use of unauthorized software contained at a remote location which is to be used with a device having stored information is disclosed. The device includes firmware having a hash code, and a hash function for operating on an initiation string. The device has a communication interface. A remote storage location has an initiation string. The communication interface of the device and the remote storage location are interconnected for transferring information such as the initiation string between the device and remote storage location. The result of the hash function operation on the initiation string is compared with the hash code. The communication interface is enabled when the result of the hash function operation on the initiation string and hash code contained in the firmware are the same. In the illustrated embodiment, the device is a color sensor having a sensor body. The sensor senses and stores information about the color of a selected object such as on an automobile. A serial port on the sensor body is operatively associated with the color sensor and allows interconnection to a serial port of a remote computer. The remote computer receives stored color information from the sensor. The remote computer generates the initiation string to the sensor. The serial port is enabled when the result of the hash function on the initiation string and hash code are the same.

System and method for sensing color and preventing use of unauthorized

A method of producing spectral data corrected for background includes generating spectral data, ascertaining background and subtracting background points to produce the corrected data. To ascertain background the spectral data are masked initially at the spectral peak of interest, and a least squares curve is fitted to the masked data. A runs test is performed to detect whether the number of runs exceeds a selected significance level. If so, the data are further masked and a curve is refitted. These steps are iterated until no further significant number of runs is detected. Similar testing for outliers is then effected with similar masking, a final curve represents the background level.

Method of correcting spectral data for background

Iterative compensation of drift of peak positions of spectral lines is effected in a spectral monochromator including a grating, a detector of spectral fractions of a spectral band, a stepper motor for varying relative orientation of the grating and the detector, and a computer. Computer-defined spectral windows each encopasses a spectral band and has an initial spectral center. Each window is scanned to determine a peak spectral position. Calculation is made for determining a spectral position error of the peak position from the initial center for each corresponding window. A functional average of the offsets for the peaks is calculated as a linear function of window position, and a revised spectral center for each window is calculated as being equal to the initial center plus the functional average for the window position determined from the linear function. Each window is shifted correspondingly. The step of successively scanning through each window is repeated to determine a new peak position for each corresponding band, whereby each new peak position is maintained near the spectral center of each corresponding window.

Continuous monochrometer drift compensation of a spectral monochromator

A method and apparatus for standardizing spectral line intensities in a spectral monochromator separate an input beam into a sample spectral line characteristic of a sample element, a reference spectral line, a standard spectral line and a background spectral band. At a first point in time an intensity I.sub.A of the sample line, a first intensity I.sub.R1 of the reference line and a first intensity I.sub.B1 of the background band are measured. At a second point in time an intensity I.sub.S of the standard line, a second intensity I.sub.R2 of the reference line and a second intensity I.sub.B2 of the background band are measured. An intensity ratio IR defined by the formula ##EQU1## is computed wherein the intensity ratio IR represents a standardized intensity of the sample line compensated for source fluctuations.

Standardization of spectral lines

A method for calibrating a monochromator to compensate for mechanical imperfections in its diffraction grating and grating drive assembly employs a two stage interactive procedure which permits the use of small (0.2 nm) spectral regions for the identification of emission lines. An iterative, self-consistent, discrete Fourier transform is used for the determination of multiple positioning correction terms. When the Fourier calculations are completed, the results of the calibration procedure are presented by the system to the analyst for acceptance. If accepted, the positioning error of the primary calibration line is measured, stored and used by the system to maintain a zero centered distribution of positioning errors each time the monochromator is reinitialized.

System for calibrating a monochromator

A method and apparatus to optimize a characteristic of measured data in an adjustable instrument for chemical analysis. The characteristic is measured at a plurality of adjustment points about a start point. Through parabolic interpolation of the data a conjugate vector is formed and the best operating point thereon is selected. Then measurements of the characteristic are taken as a function of the adjustable parameters about the best point on the conjugate vector. These data are used in a parabolic interpolation to define a second conjugate vector. The best operating point on the second conjugate vector is the optimum point of the instrument.

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Westport, CT, United States of America

John B Collins