Buckman Laboratories International, Inc.

Southern Ionics Incorporated

Southern Ionica Incorporated

Joe C Steelhammer

Daniel E Glover

Stephen D Bryant

Marilyn S Whittemore

John E Coleman

Milton O Sundbeck, Jr

Hollie Copeland

Clayton W Hackett

Methods of making basic aluminum halides, such as basic aluminum chlorides, are described, which includes the use of catalysts, such as nickel cations or cobalt cations.

Method of making basic aluminum halides

Methods for recycling cement kiln dust are described and involve heating a mixture containing at least one additive, water, and cement kiln dust for a sufficient time and at sufficient temperatures to form cement clinker. The additive contains an organic polyacid, a hydroxy carboxylic acid, a polycarboxylic acid, a saccharide, a carbohydrate, a salt thereof, or combinations thereof. A cement slurry containing water, cement kiln dust, and the above-described additive is also described as well as apparatus for recycling the cement kiln dust.

Method and apparatus for recycling cement kiln dust

The present invention relates to a method to inhibit bacteria from adhering to a submergible surface. The method contacts the submergible surface with an effective amount of at least one N-alkyl heterocyclic compound to inhibit bacterial adhesion to the submergible surface. The present invention also relates to a method for controlling biofouling of an aqueous system. This method adds an effective amount of at least one N-alkyl heterocyclic compound to inhibit bacteria from adhering to a submerged surface within the aqueous system. This method effectively controls biofouling without substantially killing the fouling organisms. The N-alkyl heterocyclic compound used in the method of the invention has the following formula: ##STR1## The substituent R.sup.1 is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 alkyl group. The heterocyclic ring is a 5-8 membered heterocyclic ring where X is O, NH, or CH.sub.2. R.sup.2 is methyl, hydroxymethyl, or hydroxyethyl. The integer n ranges from 0 to 3. The present invention also relates to a composition containing N-alkyl heterocyclic compounds and useable in the above methods. The compositions comprise at least one N-alkyl heterocyclic compound in an amount effective to inhibit bacteria from adhering to submergible or submerged surfaces.

Methods and compositions for controlling biofouling using N-alkyl

The present invention relates to a method to inhibit bacteria from adhering to a submergible surface. The method contacts the submergible surface with an effective amount of at least one fluorosurfactant to inhibit bacterial adhesion to the submergible surface. The present invention also relates to a method for controlling biofouling of an aqueous system. This method adds an effective amount of at least one fluorosurfactant to inhibit bacteria from adhering to a submerged surface within the aqueous system. This method effectively controls biofouling without substantially killing the bacteria fouling organisms. The fluorosurfactant used in the method of the invention is an anionic or nonionic fluorosurfactant selected from: R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Li, (R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O)P(O) (ONH.sub.4).sub.2, (R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.2 P(O) (ONH.sub.4), (R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O)P(O) (OH).sub.2, (R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.2 P(O) (OH), R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x H, R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.y H, R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 H, or mixtures thereof. The group R.sub.f is F(CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2).sub.3-8, x varies from 2-20, and y varies from 2-20. The present invention also relates to a compositions containing a fluorosurfactant and useable in the above methods. The compositions comprise at least one fluorosurfactant in an amount effective to inhibit bacteria from adhering to submergible or submerged surfaces.

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West Point, MS, United States of America

Joe C Steelhammer