Baker Hughes Corporation

JoAnn McMahon

David J Poelker

John A Schield

Gordon T Rivers

Dee Harkey

A clayish subterranean formation, such as may be encountered in rock surrounding a well bore during hydrocarbon recovery operations may be stabilized with relatively high molecular weight acid ammonium salts of an imide of polymaleic anhydride. The salts may be unneutralized or partially neutralized. The invention is particularly relevant to hydraulic fracturing fluids used in enhanced oil recovery. The compositions herein are made in the presence of a reactive solvent, such as a polyalkylene glycol, e.g. polyethylene glycol. The compositions of this invention are more environmentally friendly than some current technology.

High molecular weight polyamine salts as clay stabilizing agents

A clayish subterranean formation, such as may be encountered in rock surrounding a well bore during hydrocarbon recovery operations may be stabilized with a polyamine salt of an imide of polymaleic anhydride. The salt may be unneutralized or partially neutralized. The invention is particularly relevant to hydraulic fracturing fluids used in enhanced oil recovery. The compositions of this invention are more environmentally friendly than some current technology.

Polyamine salts as clay stabilizing agents

Betaine ester quaternary ammonium compounds with reduced toxicity and improved biodegradability are formed by esterification of a haloacetic acid with an alcohol containing at least 4 carbon atoms, followed by quaternization of the halo-acetate with a tertiary amine containing at least 4 carbon atoms. In one non-limiting embodiment the alkyl substituents on the nitrogen of the tertiary amine have at least 2 carbon atoms, and in another non-limiting embodiment are each n-butyl.

Process and composition for lower toxicity quaternary ammonium compounds

Disclosed is a copolymer useful for preparing acid gels comprising a copolymer having a copolymer backbone, the copolymer having a general formula:wherein: (a) A is an H or other terminating group; (b) Ris an OH or NH; (c) Ris an O or NH; (d) Z is an integer having a value of from 1 to 4; (e) X and Y are present in a ratio (X:Y) of from 3:2 to 4:1; (f) structures I and II are present as blocks or randomly distributed along the copolymer backbone; and wherein the copolymer has a molecular weight of from about 1,000,000 to about 10,000,000.

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Arnold, MO, United States of America

JoAnn McMahon