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Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft

Joachim Heitbaum

Thomas Kolberg

Gunther Hambitzer

Peter Schubach

Horst Gehmecker

Ralf Stickler

Peter Jorns

Margit Fleischhacker-Jeworrek

Michael Lenhard

Michael Deemer

An aqueous solution contains phosphate for producing layers of phosphate on metal surfaces selected from the group consisting of iron, steel, zinc, zinc alloys, aluminum and aluminum alloys. The solution contains 0.3 to 5 g Zn /1, 0.1 to 2 g nitroguanidine/1 and 0.05 to 0.5 g hydroxylamine/l, with an S-value amounting to 0.03 to 0.3 and the ratio of the weight of Zn to P O &equals;1:5 to 1.30.

Aqueous solution and method for phosphatizing metallic surfaces

lectrochemical alkali metal cell and process for its manufacture

A non-aqueous rechargeable electrochemical cell is disclosed, wherein the cell includes a negative electrode a positive electrode and an electrolyte solution into which the electrodes are immersed. The negative electrode is made of lithium, and the positive electrode contains as the active material lithium cobalt oxide. The electrolyte solution is a solution of a lithium salt with an anion of a group 3A element halide in sulfur dioxide. The cell of the present invention has a long cycle life and excellent electrical characteristics.

Non-aqueous, rechargeable electrochemical cell

In a process of removing complexly bound titanium and/or zirconium from acid aqueous solutions the solution which contains the complexly bound titanium and/or zirconium is conditioned in that its pH value is raised to at least 8, any precipitate thus formed is removed and the solution thus treated is passed through an ion exchange plant comprising a cation exchange material and an anion exchange material. The solution is preferably passed through an ion exchange plant which contains the cation exchange material in the H.sup.+ form and the anion exchange material in the OH.sup.- form. The process is particularly intended for the treatment of solutions obtained by the chemical treatment of surfaces preferably of metals, which solutions contain titanium and/or zirconium in the form of fluoro complexes.

Process for removing titanium and zirconium from aqueous solutions

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Bad Homburg, Germany

Joachim Heitbaum