Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved

Other

Czechoslovenska Akademie Ved

Prirodovedecka Fakulta University Karlovy

Laboratorni Pristroje, Koncernovy Podnik

Jiri Coupek

Miroslava Krivakova

Jaroslava Turkova

Petr Strop

Otakar Mikes

Otto Wichterle

Jiri Hradil

Svatopluk Pokorny

Karel Filka

Jan Kocourek

Jiri Stamberg

Frantisek Svec

Vladimir Gut

Drahoslav Lim

Jaroslav Kalal

Jiri Trekoval

Jan Peska

Karel Bouchal

Milan Benes

Bedrich Porsch

Lubomir Lochmann

Jaroslav Voslar

Pavel Spacek

Miroslav Kubin

Stanislav Vozka

Jaromir Lukas

Jiri Lenfeld

Zedenek Plichta

Peter Hermann

Kornelia Smalla

Zdenka Tomsova

Ingo Willhardt

Borivoj Strejc

Arthur Stoy

Stanislav Voza

Viktor Mansfeld

Jaroslava Trukova

Olga Hubalkova

Karel Blaha

Olga Valentova

Column for liquid chromatography contains a glass tube for sorbent packing closed with simple column seals and inserted into a jacket made of metal or plastic material. The jacket transfers axial forces exerted on the column seals by liquid pressure action by means of sockets. It secures the tightness of the column, enables the connection of the column to a chromatographic system, and has a protective function at the same time. The columns can be coupled in series by means of doubled sockets.

Column for liquid chromatography

A storage container of samples for analysis is disclosed, having a cylindrical tube and two fittings adapted for connection with a syringe, mutual connection of containers in series, or closing and manufactured from a suitable plastic or glass. A column of sorbent is closed at both ends with a porous partition, screen, paper filter, or a layer of silicate or glass wool. The size of sorbent particles is 20-150 um (micrometers). The content of the storage container is protected during storage and/or transportation by closures from both sides. The sorbents which are packed into the storage container are selected from silica gel or organic copolymeric carriers of specific or nonspecific functional groups, which are purposefully chosen. The container finds application in general and clinical analyses, toxicology, environmental protection, agriculture, food industry, biology and biotechnologies for entrapment, storage, preparation and processing of real samples after withdrawing from a source and before the proper analytical determination. The design of the container substantially reduces the time of sample processing and the manufacturing requirements for material and labor.

Storage container of samples for analysis

The invention pertains to a method for the production of bead dextran materials for gel chromatography. The subject of the invention is a method for the production of bead dextran materials for gel chromatography, wherein dextran is, before or during the suspension process or in both stages, subjected to reduction in an alkaline solution, advantageously by the action of sodium borohydride, whereas the density of crosslinking is controlled above all by variation of the concentration of the initial dextran solution and the resulting gel may be optionally subjected to the additional crosslinking in a separate subsequent operation. The procedure according to the invention provides the product of higher quality with a lower content of carboxylic groups and substantially facilitates the preparation of gels with a very high and a very low crosslink density.

Method for the production of bead dextran materials for gel

A two-step process of immobilization of biologically efficient compounds is disclosed, in which the biologically efficient compounds are bonded from an aqueous solution by a hydrolytically stable linkage to a macroporous polymeric carrier containing reactive functional groups. In the first step, a hydrophobic adsorption occurs of the biologically efficient compounds on a macroporous matrix of the carrier, and an increase of their concentration on the solid surface. In the second step, the reaction takes place with the reactive functional groups of the carrier, and a covalent linkage is formed. The hydrophobic adsorption of compounds determined for immobilization is achieved by the addition of inorganic salts in a concentration from 0.5 to 3.0 mol/l. The invention can be utilized in the preparation of enzymatic catalysts for transformations of compounds and in the preparation of specific sorbents for both analytical and preparative affinity chromatography. These methods are employed in the fields of biotechnology, chemical and clinical analysis, food industry, pharmacology and clinical therapy.

Method for producing highly-active biologically active compounds

The invention relates to selectively acting polymeric sorbents or saccharides, glycoproteins and saccharide containing polymers. In accordance with the invention, lectins are covalently bonded on vehicles selected from among, oxidized glycosylated hydroxyalkylacrylates or hydroxyalkylmethacrylates, and polyvinyl alcohol. These vehicles are comparable to known materials based on polysaccharides with bonded-on lectins, especially as far as the absorption power of the sorbent is concerned. The preferred process for preparing such sorbents is substantially easier than the hitherto used ones since it does not require specific measures to be taken in the work with highly toxic activating agents, and enables a simple control of conversion degree of the bonding reaction while achieving a relatively high reproducibility. Apart from this, unoxidized saccharide molecules bonded on the vehicle make it hydrophilic, or at least raise its original hydrophility.

Sorbent for saccharides, glycoproteins and polyesters comprising a

The invention pertains to hydrophilic macroporous three dimensional copolymers of hydroxyalkyl methacrylates or hydroxyalkyl acrylates (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydroxyalkyl) with crosslinking monomers which contain covalently attached saccharides via an O-glycosidic bond. The invention further pertains to the method of manufacturing of these copolymers by the direct reaction of the basic three dimensional copolymer containing hydroxyl groups with saccharides or their derivatives in an inert organic solvent under catalysis of HCl, BF.sub.3, or their mixtures at 20.degree.-100.degree. C. Saccharides and their derivatives are selected from the group comprising monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, deoxy sugars, amino saccharides, acylated saccharides, ether or halogen derivatives of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, and the like. The invention also pertains to the application of these macroporous three dimensional copolymers with saccharides as sorbents and materials for the affinity chromatography for isolation of physiologically effective materials which contain free bonding sites for saccharides and are able to form specific complexes with saccharides.

Hydrophilic macroporous three dimensional copolymers of hydroxyalkyl

The invention pertains to hydrophilic macroporous threedimensional copolymers of hydroxyalkyl methacrylates or hydroxyalkyl acrylates (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydroxyalkyl) with crosslinking monomers which contain covalently attached saccharides via an O-glycosidic bond. The invention further pertains to the method of manufacturing of these copolymers by the direct reaction of the basic three dimensional copolymer containing hydroxyl groups with saccharides or their derivatives in an inert organic solvent under catalysis of HCl, BF.sub.3, or their mixtures at 20.degree.-100.degree. C. Saccharides and their derivatives are selected from the group comprising monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, deoxy sugars, amino saccharides, acylated saccharides, ether or halogen derivatives of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, and the like. The invention also pertains to the application of these macroporous three dimensional copolymers with saccharides as sorbents and materials for the affinity chromatography for isolation of physiologically effective materials which contain free bonding sites for saccharides and are able to form specific complexes with saccharides.

This invention relates to a method for preparing globular, hydrophilic copolymers which have reticulated internal structures and are suitable for gas and gel chromatography. The method comprises polymerization by suspension polymerization methods of hydrophilic and hydrophilic monomers in aqueous medium in the presence of a component which prevents transfer of the hydrophilic monomer into the aqueous medium and the solubility of the aqueous medium in the monomeric phase.

Preparation of hydrophilic material for gel chromatography

The invention relates to specific sorbents based on hydrophylic polymeric gels, preferably of a macroporous character, which carry covalently bonded D-aminoacid or peptide which contain D-aminoacid units. The basic carrier prepared by copolymerization of hydroxyalkyl esters or hydroxyalkylamides of acrylic and methacrylic acid with crosslinking acrylate or methacrylate comonomers are modified by the reaction with diamines, aminoacids or dicarboxylic acids and the resulting carboxyterminal or aminoterminal groups are condensed with D-analogs of aminoacids or peptides. The peptide containing D-aminoacids can be also stepwise synthetized on the surface of the carrier. The specific sorbents are further used as insolubilized inhibitors in the affinity chromatography of proteolytic enzymes. They do not undergo an irreversible inactivation during repeated application and are suitable for technological purposes because of their mechanical and hydrolytical stability.

Specific sorbent having D-aminoacid moiety covalently bonded to solid

The invention relates to preparation of synthetic macroporous ion-exchanaging materials by a ternary copolymerization of hydrophilic monomers containing non-ionogenous groups with monomers containing ionogenous groups and cross-linking monomers in an aqueous dispersion in the presence of inert components and suspension stabilizers. Hydroxyalkyl, oligoglycol and polyglycol esters and N-substituted or unsubstituted amides of acrylic and methacrylic acid are used as the hydrophilic monomers; compounds CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R)COX, where R = H or CH.sub.3, X = --OR.sub.1 N(R.sub.2)R.sub.3, --OR.sub.1 SO.sub.3 H, --NHR.sub.1 N(R.sub.2)R.sub.3 or --HNR.sub.1 SO.sub.3 H, R.sub.1 = alkylene and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 = H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or aminoalkyl, acrylic and methacrylic acid serve as the ionogenous monomers; the crosslinking agents are selected from a group of monomers consisting of alkylene, oligoglycol or polyglycol diacrylates and dimethacrylates, alkylenebisacrylamides, alkylenebismethacrylamides, divinylbenzene and other compounds containing more than 2 polymerizable acryloyl or methacryloyl groups. The invented materials are suitable above all for isolation and chromatographic separation of sensitive compounds of the biological origin.

Method for preparation of hydrophilic polymeric ion exchanging gels

The invention relates to macroporous polymeric sorbents prepared by ternary copolymerization of polar monomers, namely hydroxyalkyl acrylates and methacrylates (hydroxyalkyl C.sub.1-6), in the amount of 1 - 70 wt.%, with 30 - 90 wt.% of nonpolar comonomers, namely alkyl acrylates and methacrylates (alkyl C.sub.1-18), and 20 - 80 wt.% of crosslinking agents, namely alkylene diacrylates and dimethacrylates (alkylene C.sub.1-6). The sorbents were prepared by the suspension copolymerization in the presence of inert organic solvents and surfactants in the single step without further chemical modification and their polarity was controlled in a broad region. They are especially suitable for gas-chromatographic separation of organic compounds, as hydrocarbons, alcohols, organic acids and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. Their preparation in one step is more simple and economical than modification of the polymeric matrix by polymeranalogous reactions which has been used for this purpose until present time.

Macroporous polymeric sorbents for chromatography, especially gas

An acrylic polymer gel suitable for use as a carrier in the controlled synthesis of polypeptides is provided. The polymer comprises a diazotized terpolymer of the condensation product of a monomer selected from the group consisting of hydroxyalkyl acrylates and hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, a polyfunctional cross-linking monomer selected from the group consisting of alkylene diacrylates, alkylene dimethacrylates, polyacrylates and polymethacrylates of polyalcohols, alkylene bisacrylamides and divinylbenzene, and an aromatic ring-containing compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic acids and their anhydrides and chlorides, aromatic isocyanates, halogenophenylsilanes, and aromatic epoxy compounds. The condensate has its aromatic rings chlormethylated. The first monomer and the polyfunctional cross-linking monomer are copolymerized and the resultant copolymer is condensed with said compounds which contain an aromatic ring.

Polymeric carrier for a controlled synthesis of peptides and the method

The invention relates to a method for preparation of ion exchangers from hydrophilic anion-exchanging gels based on acrylate or methacrylate copolymers prepared by copolymerization of amino-group-containing monomers, as aminoalkyl acrylates and methacrylates, aminoalkylacrylamides and aminoalkylmethacrylamides or on gels prepared by chemical bonding of amine groups to the hydrophilic matrix of acrylate or methacrylate copolymers. The method consists in alkylation or hydroxyalkylation of amine groups by alkylating agents, as alkyl halogenides, alkyl p-toluenesulfonates, alkyl sulfates, epoxides, etc. Alkylation with alkyldiaze compounds was used for transformation of the undesired carboxylic groups of the ion exchangers. Another modification consists in the reaction of halogenated acrylate or methacrylate gels with polyamines or oligomeric polyethyleneimines. These reactions lead to ion exchangers with modified chemical nature, dissociation constant, exchange capacity, degree of hydrophility, distance of the ionogenous groups from the surface of the matrix or the character of microsurroundings. The resulting ion-exchanging materials are suitable above all for the sorption and separation of biopolymers.

Method of preparation of ion exchangers by alkylation and

The invention relates to a method for preparation of hydrophilic anion exchangers from gels based on crosslinked copolymers of hydroxyalkyl acrylates and methacrylates, oligo- and polyglycol monoacrylates and monomethacrylates, hydroxyalkylacrylamides or hydroxyalkylmethacrylamides with crosslinking comonomers containing 2 or more acrylcyl or methacryloyl groups in the molecule, as alkylene, oligo- and polyglycol diacrylates and dimethacrylates or divinylbenzene, which gels may have the homogeneous, heterogeneous or macroporous character. The hydroxyl groups of the initial hydrophilic gel are modified by the reaction with halogenoalkylamines, halogenoalkylammonium compounds, epoxyalkylamines and epoxyalkylammonium compounds or with compounds having several reactive groups in the molecule, as epichlorohydrine, di- and polyepoxides, di- and polyisocyanates, halogenoalkylepoxides, epoxyalkylamines and phosgene, and the subsequent reaction with compounds rendering anion-exchanging groups, as hydroxyalkylamines, diamines and their ammonium compounds. The later procedure may be carried out in one step. The hydroxyl groups of the initial gel can be also substituted by halogens and transformed into quaternary ammonium compounds by reaction with amines. All reactions may be performed also with gels combining alkoxide instead of hydroxyl groups.

Method for preparation of anion exchangers by substitution of

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Jiri Coupek